787 research outputs found
Jüri Okas’ ‘specific objects’: diverging discourses in Estonian Art in the 1970s.
No full textPreviously in the University eprints HAIRST pilot service at http://eprints.st-andrews.ac.uk/archive/00000367/Article 3 of 6 in issue devoted to the visual culture of the Scandinavian and Baltic region.This article will look at the early works of Estonian architect and artist Jüri Okas and will try to work between diverging languages and interpretations, reading works by Okas against the background of Anglo-american conceptualism and minimalism of the same period. The first part of the paper will analyse a print by Jüri Okas that paraphrases works by the American artist Donald Judd and will try to show how Okas’ concept of minimalism differed from the Western one and the reasons behind it. The second part of the paper will focus on a conceptual book by Jüri Okas, consisting of a series of photographs of everyday and banal architectural objects, and compare it to Rober Venturi’s book on Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture. Finally, a comparison will be made with works of Robert Smithson in the context of concepts of waste, excess and the remainders of industrial civilisationPostprin
K reflexii myslenia Františka Novosáda
No full textThis text is a review study of the edited collective monograph Človek v štruktúrach spoločnosti a kultúry: Inšpirácie myslením Františka Novosáda, which is dedicated to the thinking of the Slovak philosopher and historian of the philosophy of history František Novosád. The author of the text from his philosophical perspective and in the context of Novosád’s philosophical thinking critically reflects on selected chapters of the book, whose authors are Emil Višňovský, Peter Šajda, Jozef Majerník and Jon Stewart
Assessing the difficulty of the text input task for minority languages
No full textCurrently no framework exists to evaluate or rank the complexity of the text input task on a per orthography bases. We present on the challenges which must be addressed by a cross-language text input assessment framework. We discuss relevant user experience (UX) considerations for keyboard layouts and unique actions undertaken in the communicative act of ‘entextualizing’ language (typing). We follow previous work which focuses on majority language text input methods (Bellman & MacKenzie 1998, Castellucci & MacKenzie 2013, MacKenzie 1992, 2002, 2007, MacKenzie & Soukoreff 2002, Soukoreff & MacKenzie 2001, 2003a, b) and apply considerations for minority language orthographies - especially those orthographies which overtly mark tone and other distinctions via diacritics.
The ability to communicate with electronic text based devices is important in this era of globalization. Many minority language users often find it difficult to type in their languages because of the way that orthography/language specific characters are accessed through existing keyboard layouts ([Author] 2012). The keyboard layout is an essential component in text input both on mobile touch screen and traditional devices. Barriers to efficiently using text in digital mediums has a wide impact on language vitality, by affecting the way that language users perceive their language’s viability in the 21st century context. The text input challenge has been often acknowledged by minority language users (Esizmetor 2009: 13, Zheltov 2005). Perceptions about the need to be able to use text based digital communication devices has sufficiently challenged language communities leading some to change their orthographies (Boerger 2007: 133: South Pacific, Cooper 2005: 149, 160: Central Asia, Jany 2010: Americas). Simons and Lewis (2010) describe the social practice of literacy (EGIDS levels four and five) as a sign of a healthy language. A text input device which does not intuitively work for language users can be seen as discriminating and be a reason for speakers to choose to not use their language in digital mediums (Trosterud 2012). We propose a language agnostic framework for text input analysis for the benefit of language development efforts and software developers alike.
References:
[Author]. 2012. Keyboard layout as part of language documentation: the case of the Meꞌphaa and Chinantec keyboards. Paper presented at CRASSH Language Endangerment: Methodologies and New Challenges, Cambridge, UK. Bellman, Tom & I. Scott MacKenzie. 1998. A Probabilistic Character Layout Strategy for Mobile Text Entry. Proceedings of Graphics Interface '98, 168-76. Toronto: Canadian Information Processing Society. Boerger, Brenda H. 2007. Natqgu Literacy: Capturing Three Domains for Written Language Use. Language Documentation & Conservation 1.2: 126–53. Castellucci, Steven J. & I. Scott MacKenzie. 2013. Gathering Text Entry Metrics on Android Devices. Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia and Human- Computer Interaction - MHCI 2013, 120.1-.8. Ottawa, Canada: International ASET, Inc. Cooper, Gregory. 2005. Issues in the Development of a Writing System for the Kalasha Language. Ph.D dissertation, Macquarie University. Esizmetor, David Oshorenoya. 2009. What Orthography for Naijá? Paper presented at Conference on Nigerian Pidgin, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Jany, Carmen. 2010. Orthography Design for Chuxnabán Mixe. Language DocumentatIon & ConservatIon 4.1: 231-53. Lewis, M. Paul & Gary F. Simons. 2010. Assessing endangerment: Expanding Fishman's GIDS. Revue Roumaine de Linguistique 55.2: 103–20. MacKenzie, I. Scott. 1992. Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction. Human-Computer Interaction 7, 91-139. MacKenzie, I. Scott. 2002. Introduction to this special issue on text entry for mobile computing. Human-Computer Interaction 17.2-3: 141-5. MacKenzie, I. Scott. 2007. Evaluation of text entry techniques. In I. Scott MacKenzie & Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii (eds.), Text entry systems: Mobility, accessibility, universality, 75-101. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann. MacKenzie, I. Scott & R. William Soukoreff. 2002. A Character-level Error Analysis Technique for Evaluating Text Entry Methods. A character-level error analysis technique for evaluating text entry methods. Proceedings of the Second Nordic Conference on Human- Computer Interaction -- NordiCHI 2002, 241-4. New York: ACM. Soukoreff, R. William & I. Scott MacKenzie. 2001. Measuring errors in text entry tasks: An application of the Levenshtein string distance statistic. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2001, 319-20. New York: ACM. Soukoreff, R. William & I. Scott MacKenzie. 2003a. Metrics for text entry research: an evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error metric. Paper presented at Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA. Soukoreff, R. William & I. Scott MacKenzie. 2003b. Input-based Language Modeling in the Design of High Performance Text Input Techniques. Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2003 (CIPS, Canadian Human-Computer Communication Society), 89-96. Halifax, Nova Scotia: A K Peters. Trosterud, Trond. 2012. A restricted freedom of choice: Linguistic diversity in the digital landscape. Nordlyd (Tromsø University Working Papers on Language and Linguistics) 39.2: 89-104. Zheltov, Pavel V. 2005. Minority languages and computerization. The situation in the Russian Federation. OGMIOS 3.3: 8-11
Modelling Simulation and Control of Fixed-wing UAV: CyberSwan
No full textThis report treats modelling, simulation and control of a fixed-wing aircraft, including implementation of a Aircraft Flight Control System (AFCS). The design and construction of a suitable airframe (design og konstruksjon av ubemannet fly for visuell overvåkning) by Jon Bernhard Hsøtmark is continued in this work. This system was designed to be suitable for surveillance purposes, using electrical propulsion and being low cost. Preferable characteristics considering stability and control to ease control, implementation and tuning of controllers were built into the airframe. The work done here confirms that the goal in cite{bib:bernhard} was met, and compleating the autonomous system using feedback regulation.newline The work finished this spring were divided in to three reports. Design and implementation of sensor and computer system for fixed-wing UAV, by Edgar Bjørntvedt Modelling, simulation and control of fixed-wing UAV, Jon Bernhard Høstmark Ground Station and hardware peripherals for fixed-wing UAV, Mikael K. Eriksen Each task was assigned to one person. This report includes the work done with respect to modeling, simulation, control and testflights. The main focus was building a working prototype. In addition to the technical work, the author of this report has ensured that the project stayed on track. The conclusion in the end of the report discuss this further. June 2007 the three subsystems was integrated for flight testing. Video supplied with this work show stable autonomous flight confirming a working AFCS. Having a working system is thought to be of great value for further work. The working system can also be used for verifying the analytical models obtained thought this work. Adding more sensors to the computer system enable further and tighter controllers, such as height control and waypoint navigation. With these features the UAV system should be ready for surveillance purposes in the commercial market
Signal Detection on the Battlefield: Priming Self-Protection vs. Revenge-Mindedness Differentially Modulates the Detection of Enemies and Allies
No full textDetecting signs that someone is a member of a hostile outgroup can depend on very subtle cues. How do ecology-relevant motivational states affect such detections? This research investigated the detection of briefly-presented enemy (versus friend) insignias after participants were primed to be self-protective or revenge-minded. Despite being told to ignore the objectively nondiagnostic cues of ethnicity (Arab vs. Western/European), gender, and facial expressions of the targets, both priming manipulations enhanced biases to see Arab males as enemies. They also reduced the ability to detect ingroup enemies, even when these faces displayed angry expressions. These motivations had very different effects on accuracy, however, with self-protection enhancing overall accuracy and revenge-mindedness reducing it. These methods demonstrate the importance of considering how signal detection tasks that occur in motivationally-charged environments depart from results obtained in conventionally motivationally-inert laboratory settings.National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) (Grant MH64734)U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (Grant W74V8H-05-K-0003)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant BCS-0642873
National Hockey League guaranteed contracts: A principal agent problem impacting on performance
No full textPurpose
– This paper aims to investigate, through the lens of the principal–agent problem, the relationship between payment of National Hockey League (NHL) salaries and player performance during the period of 2005-2011 and explore the inherent issues within the NHL player compensation and incentive structure.
Design/methodology/approach
– The research adopts a pragmatic philosophy with deductive reasoning. This paper focuses on the NHL season 2005-2011 and undertake analysis of historical player contracts and performance data of 670 players across 29 clubs to undertake liner regression analysis.
Findings
– This paper quantifies potential inefficiencies of NHL league contracts and defines the parameters of the principal–agent problem. It is identifies that player performance generally increases with salary, is higher in the first year of a contract and despite decreasing over the life of the contract, will usually peak again in the final year of the contract.
Research limitations/implications
– The research is based around figures from 2005-2011 and secondary statistical data. The study captures quantitative data but does not allow for an exploration of the qualitative perspective to the problem.
Practical implications
– Entry-level or first contracts are good for all teams and players because they provide incentive to perform and a reduction of risk to the team should a player not perform to expectations. The same can be said for players at the other end of the spectrum. Although not typically used much, performance bonuses for players over the age of 35 allow clubs to “take a chance” on a player and the player can benefit by reaching attainable bonuses. These findings therefore provide contributions to the practicing managers and coaches of NHL teams who can consider the results to help shape their approach to management of players and the planning of teams and succession planning for talent.
Originality/value
– The paper presents a comprehensive and current perspective of the principal–agent problem in NHL and extends the work of Purcell (2009) and Gannon (2009) in understanding player performance enhancement
Focus on the Forest, Not the Trees: A Checklist for Planning Chapter Meetings
No full textAuthor Affiliations: Jon Crossno, MLS, AHIP, Cataloging & Metadata Librarian, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Lisa Traditi, MLS, AHIP, Head of Education and Reference, Health Sciences Library, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, ColoradoOBJECTIVES: After successfully planning Quint*Essential: Convergence and Collaboration, a meeting of five MLA chapters, the authors share the lessons they learned from their experience.
METHODS: Held Oct.12-16, 2014, Quint*Essental was a joint meeting of the Midcontinental Chapter of MLA (MCMLA), Medical Library Group of Southern California & Arizona (MLGSCA), Northern California & Nevada Medical Library Group (NCNMLG), Pacific Northwest Chapter of MLA (PNCMLA), and South Central Chapter of MLA (SCCMLA). After reviewing successes and failures of their multi-chapter meeting, the authors used SurveyMonkey to gather the opinions and advice of other multiple chapter meeting planners. The authors then identified key activities and time-sensitive tasks necessary to planning such a meeting.
RESULTS: From this amalgam of information, they created a checklist designed to help future planners, whether for individual or multiple chapter meetings. This checklist also includes a recommended timeline for when essential milestones should be reached.
CONCLUSIONS: Holding a multi-chapter meeting, while a daunting task, can be beneficial to chapters and attendees. A vetted planning checklist, along with strong communication, skills with shared decision-making, and effective record-keeping are key components for success
Reconciling Versioning and Context in Hypermedia Structure Servers
No full textContextual structure servers and versioning servers share a similar goal in allowing different views on a stored structure according to the viewer’s perspective. In this paper we argue that a generic contextual model can be used to facilitate versioning. In order to prove our hypothesis we have drawn on our experiences with OHP-Version to extend FOHM’s contextual model
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