287 research outputs found
Cystatin B, cathepsin L och D relaterat till andra riskfaktorer för hjärt-och kärlsjukdom hos barn
No full textObjective: This study investigated potential associations between novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and other surrogate markers for health. Methods: Community sample of 170 (92 boys and 78 girls) children aged 8-11 years. Total fat mass (TBF) and abdominal fat (AFM) were measured by Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Total body fat was also expressed as percentage of total body mass (BF%), and body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were measured. Echocardiography was performed. Left atrial size (LA) and left ventricular mass (LVM) were measured. A follow-up DXA scan was available in 152 children (84 boys and 68 girls). Frozen serum samples were analyzed for cystatin B, cathepsin L and cathepsin D. Results: Partial correlations between cystatin B versus lnTBF, lnBF%, lnAFM, AFM/TBF, VO2PEAK and PP were; r=0.38, 0.36, 0.38, 0.29, -0.25 and 0.25, P=0.001 or less for all. Weaker predominantly non-significant correlations were found for cathepsin L, whereas cathepsin D was not related to any surrogate markers for health. No significant correlations were found between biomarkers and change in body fat over 2 years. Conclusion: Findings from this community-based cohort of young children show that surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease such as total fat mass, percent body fat, abdominal fat, body fat distribution, maximal oxygen uptake and pulse pressure were all associated with cystatin B. This was not found for cathepsin L or cathepsin D. Purpose: This study investigated potential associations between novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D9 and other surrogate markers for health. Total fat mass (TBF) and abdominal fat (AFM) were measured by Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Total body fat was also expressed as percentage of total body mass (BF%), and body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were measured. Echocardiography was performed. Left atrial size (LA) and left ventricular mass (LVM) were measured. A follow-up DXA scan was available in 152 children (84 boys and 68 girls). Frozen serum samples were analyzed for cystatin B, cathepsin L and cathepsin D.Studien studerade relationen mellan traditionella och nya riskfaktorer för hjärt-och kärlsjukdom som Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D hos barn. Totalt studerade 170 bran i åldern 8-11 år. Cystatin B var svagt-måttligt relaterat till kropps fett och kondition medan cathepsin L and D inte var det. Syfte: Studera relationen mellan traditionella och nya riskfaktorer för hjärt-och kärlsjukdom som Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D hos barn Följande mätningar är gjorda; Blodtryck, Fysisk prestationsförmåga, Ekokardiografi, DXA, Blodprov analyserade för cystatin B, cathepsin L och cathepsin D
Relationship between natriuretic peptides and echocardiography parameters in patients with poorly regulated type 2 diabetes
No full textMagnus Dencker1, Martin Stagmo2, Mozhgan Dorkhan31Unit of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 2Division of Cardiology, 3Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, SwedenAbstract: This study evaluated the relationship between natriuretic peptide levels and a wide range of echocardiography parameters in a population of thirty-three patients with poorly regulated type 2 diabetes, and no known heart failure. Natriuretic peptides brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal prohormone BNP (NT-proBNP) were measured. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed and cardiac volumes and ejection fraction were measured. Doppler and tissue Doppler were measured and diastolic function was stratified according to recent guidelines. Very few echocardiography parameters were correlated with BNP or NT-proBNP levels. However, left atrial end-systolic volume indexed for body surface area was correlated with natural logarithm (ln) BNP and ln NT-proBNP (r = 0.62 and r = 0.60; P < 0.05). There were significant differences in ln BNP and ln NT-proBNP levels between those with normal and those with abnormal diastolic function (1.4 vs 3.1; P < 0.001 and 3.4 vs 5.8; P < 0.001). This study showed that very few echocardiography parameters were correlated with BNP or NT-proBNP levels in patients with poorly regulated type 2 diabetes, which in part contradicts previous studies in other diabetic populations. The exception was left atrial end-systolic volume that showed a moderate correlation with BNP or NT-proBNP levels. There were significant differences in BNP and NT-proBNP levels between the group with normal left ventricular diastolic function and the group with abnormal diastolic function.Keywords: type 2 diabetes, natriuretic peptides, echocardiograph
Daily Physical Activity, Body Fat and Aerobic Fitness in Children
No full textIntroduction: Physical inactivity, low aerobic fitness and obesity are all associated with an increased risk of a wide range of diseases in adults. Promotion of physical activity, improvement of aerobic fitness and regulation of body weight in children may be of importance, as low physical activity, low aerobic fitness and obesity early in life have been known to track into adulthood. However, relationships between physical activity, obesity and aerobic fitness have not been studied in young subjects with reliable methods. The aim was to evaluate objectively daily physical activity and investigate if any relation existed with obesity and aerobic fitness in a cohort of children aged 8-11 years. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate gender differences and the determinants of aerobic fitness. Method:Two hundred and forty eight children, aged 8-11 years, participated. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometers. Body composition was quantified with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK) was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test. Echocardiography was performed with 2-dimensional guided M-mode and left ventricular inner diastolic diameter (LVDD) was measured. Lung function was evaluated with spirometric testing. Results: All children studied reached the current recommendation for physical activity. Children with a higher percentage of body fat were significantly less active. A positive relationship was established between daily physical activity and aerobic fitness. Boys had between 8-18% higher values than girls for VO2PEAK, dependent upon whether VO2PEAK was expressed in absolute values or scaled to body mass, lean body mass or if allometric scaling was used. In multiple regression analysis absolute values of VO2PEAK were independently related to lean body mass, maximal heart rate, gender, LVDD and daily accumulation of vigorous activity. Conclusions: In this cohort of children aged 8-11 years all individuals fulfilled the current daily physical activity recommendation. Despite this, relationships between daily physical activity vs. obesity and aerobic fitness were detected. Furthermore, gender differences in aerobic fitness were confirmed and the main determinants of aerobic fitness were identified
Effekt av matintag på 92 kardiovaskulära biomarkörer
No full textObjective: The present study evaluates the effect of food intake on 92 biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Twenty two healthy subjects (11 male and 11 female aged 25.9±4.2 years) were investigated. A total of 92 biomarkers were measured before a standardized meal as well as 30 and 120 minutes afterwards with the Proseek Multiplex CVD III kit. Results: The levels for eight biomarkers decreased significantly (P<0.05) 30 minutes after food intake. The levels for seven biomarkers remained significantly decreased 120 minutes after food intake. Nine biomarker decreased significantly at 120 minutes after food intake. The changes were between 4-30%, most commonly around 5%. Only six biomarkers showed a difference of 10% or more due to food intake. The biggest differences were observed for Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (30%); Azurocidin, Cystatin-B, and Myeloperoxidase (13%); Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (11%); and Myeloblastin (10%), all 120 minutes after food intake. Conclusions: This study shows that food intake affects several different CVD biomarkers, but the effect is predominantly modest. Timing of blood sampling in relation to food intake, therefore, appears not to be a major concern. Further studies are warranted in older healthy subjects and in patients with various cardiac diseases to determine whether the findings are reproducible. Purpose: The present study evaluates the effect of food intake on 92 biomarkers for cardiovascular disease with the Proseek Multiplex CVD III kit.Studien studerade effekten av matintag på 92 kardiovaskulära biomarkörer (Proseek Multiplex CVD III, Olink), på 22 friska personer före, 30 och 120 minuter efter mat intag. Total sänktes nivån för 8 biomarkörer signifikant av matintag 30 minuter, 7 biomarkörer var fortfarande sänkta 120 minuter efter matintag. Förändringarna var ofta <10%, bara 6 biomarkörer hade mer än 10% förändring. Störst förändring hittades för; Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (30%); Azurocidin, Cystatin-B, och Myeloperoxidase (13%); Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (11%); och Myeloblastin (10%), alla 120 minuter efter matintag. Syfte: Att studera effekten av matintag på 92 kardiovaskulära biomarkörer
How to misuse echo contrast
No full textAbstract Background Primary intracardiac tumours are rare, there are however several entities that can mimic tumours. Contrast echocardiography has been suggested to aid the differentiation of various suspected masses. We present a case where transthoracic echocardiography completely misdiagnosed a left atrial mass, partly due to use of echo contrast. Case presentation An 80 year-old woman was referred for transthoracic echocardiography because of one-month duration of worsening of dyspnoea. Transthoracic echocardiography displayed a large echodense mass in the left atrium. Intravenous injection of contrast (SonoVue, Bracco Inc., It) indicated contrast-enhancement of the structure, suggesting tumour. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed, however, a completely normal finding in the left atrium. Subsequent gastroscopy examination showed a hiatal hernia. Conclusion It is noteworthy that the transthoracic echocardiographic exam completely misdiagnosed what seemed like a left atrial mass, which in part was an effect of the use of echo contrast. This example highlights that liberal use of transoesophageal echocardiography is often warranted if optimal display of cardiac structures is desired.</p
Quadricuspid aortic valve not discovered by transthoracic echocardiography
No full textAbstract Background Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital heart defect. Several different anatomical variations of a quadricuspid aortic valve has been described and aortic regurgitation is the predominant valvular dysfunction associated with quadricuspid aortic valve. Case presentation A 68-year-old woman presented with almost a years history of increasing dyspnoea on exertion. The patient have had two previous transthoracic echocardiographic exams in the last six years and they had only documented moderate aortic regurgitation. Transoesophageal echocardiography displayed a rare case of quadricuspid aortic valve with three cusps of equal size and one larger cusp. The malformation was associated with severe aortic regurgitation. Conclusion Liberal use of transoesophageal echocardiography is often warranted if optimal display of valvular morphology is desired.</p
Reported normal values and weighted means for commonly used echocardiography pulsed Doppler and tissue Doppler measurements
No full textPulsed Doppler (PW) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) measurements are part of every echocardiography examination for evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and filling pressure. The purpose of this study was to summarize published data on normal values for PW and TDI measurements. A PubMed search was performed on the 10th of October 2016 to identify relevant articles. Studies were considered relevant if they included more than 200 healthy individuals. A total of 13 studies were identified. Of these, 13 studies with 7777 subjects reported PW measurement over the mitral valve, six studies with 4082 subjects reported PW measurement in the pulmonary vein and 10 studies with 5988 subjects reported TDI. We also report weighted mean values for 14 different variables. As expected, measurements varied with age. There were no major differences between men and women. In contrast, there was a large difference in reported values between studies, in corresponding age groups. This review therefore raises caution about relying on normal values from just one study
Health-related aspects of objectively measured daily physical activity in children
No full textIt is well established that physical inactivity in adults is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Whether daily physical activity level is related to risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children has been debated. Furthermore, objective data on the habitual daily physical activity in children have at large been scarce in the literature. The main reason for this is the fact that daily physical activity is very difficult to measure in children. In recent years, a new device, the accelerometer, has emerged as a frequently used instrument for the measurement of daily physical activity. This review summarizes recently published studies that have used accelerometers to measure daily physical activity in children and related activity data to known risk factors for CVD
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