1,721,066 research outputs found
How judges sentence
No full textHow judges sentence is a question frequently asked, but infrequently explored. What factors are taken into account? How do judges see their role? How do they apply the aims and purposes of sentencing? How are factors such as public opinion taken into account? Through interviews with Queensland judges, this book explores these questions, and through this analysis provides a major contribution to debates on sentencing. The judges explain how they come to their decisions when sentencing, how they view judicial discretion, and how they exercise it. This careful examination of their comments within the legislative and theoretical contexts of sentencing yields valuable insights into judicial methodologies, perceptions and attitudes towards the sentencing process. © Copyright The Federation Press, 200
The art of balancing: Queensland judges and the sentencing process
No full textIt is almost trite to say that sentencing offenders is difficult and complex. Yet of all of the judicial functions undertaken by the courts, it is sentencing which has become an almost thankless task, with the judiciary singled out for frequent negative criticism by the media.What judges think about sentencing and how they go about it is not normally known, as judges are not in the position where they can give interviews, or further explain their decisions. This article gives an overview of an interview-based study of 31 judges of the Supreme andDistrict Courts in Queensland that sheds light on how judges sentence offenders
Achieving consistency in sentencing: moving to best practice
No full textThis article examines firstly consistency as a central sentencing imperative. It then addresses methods adopted in various jurisdictions for the regulation of judicial discretion in sentencing, namely computerised information retrieval systems, sentencing grids, mandatory sentencing and guidelines judgments. The usefulness of these strategies in achieving consistency is then discussed in the context of the Queensland sentencing system, and conclusions drawn on the utility of adopting these approaches in gaining greateruniformity and fairness in sentencing
An enduring influence: Sir Samuel Griffiths and his contribution to criminal justice in Queensland
No full textSir Samuel Griffith (1845-1920) has rightfully been accorded a pre-eminent place in the annals of Queensland law and politics, serving as Attorney-General and Premier of Queensland, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland and the first Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia. This article examines his contribution to criminal justice in Queensland and argues that this is perhaps his greatest achievement, with the Criminal Code of 1899 and the Justices Act 1886 still in use today, largely in the same format. His contribution to criminal justice is examined in the context of his life and work, adding to the understanding of the origins of these important pieces of legislation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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