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Avaliação de caracteres agronômicos da cultura do trigo mediante diferentes manejos de nitrogênio
Get PDFA cultura do trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) pertencente à família botânica
Poaceae, é uma importante commodity negociada nos mercados internacionais por
ser uma matéria prima utilizada para a alimentação humana e animal diariamente. A
necessidade nutricional desta cultura é ampla e complexa, sendo necessário atender
a demanda para que ela possa expressar o seu potencial produtivo. Juntamente a
esta cadeia de nutrientes que a planta necessita, o nitrogênio (N) é o elemento que
determina a qualidade do crescimento vegetativo e produtivo, pois constitui
importantes rotas metabólicas nas plantas. Entre as fontes nitrogenadas, a mais
utilizada é a ureia, a qual contem maior concentração de N (45%) a qual resulta um
menor custo. As formas de aplicação de ureia limitam a utilização total da mesma,
pois a forma mais utilizada é a aplicação superficial do solo, a qual acaba
favorecendo a perda desse nutriente para o ambiente por ser um fertilizante de alta
volatidade. Essa perda por conta da volatilização de amônia (NH3) pode diminuir a
eficiência de utilização do N proveniente da ureia. Diante ao exposto, tendo em vista
o melhor aproveitamento do fertilizante no solo e a diminuição de perdas de N no
ambiente, uma alternativa eficiente seria a aplicação de ureia de forma incorporada
no solo. No entanto, não existem retratos na literatura que apresentem a
incorporação de N na cultura do trigo, tornando-se um assunto inédito, o qual se
justifica o objeto de pesquisa do referente trabalho. O experimento foi realizado no
ano de 2023 na área experimental do IFRS Campus Ibirubá, juntamente com a
empresa parceira Biotrigo Genética. O delineamento experimental é de blocos ao
acaso com 4 repetições e 12 tratamentos, e o cultivar avaliado foi TBIO Ponteiro.
Foram realizadas aplicações de N totalmente incorporado na semeadura; em
apenas uma aplicação em cobertura; e duas aplicações fracionadas em cobertura.
As doses de nitrogênio utilizadas foram, em kg ha-1
: 0 (testemunha), 45, 67,5 e 90 na
fonte de ureia protegida, 0, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1 de ureia respectivamente. A dose
e forma de aplicação de N não influenciaram o estande de plantas, o número de
perfilhos, espigas por m2, grãos por espiga e pH. A produtividade do cultivar TBIO
Ponteiro foi maior com a dose de 90 ha-1 de N. A estatura das plantas foi maior com
45 kg ha-1 de N aplicado integralmente em cobertura. O teor de proteína aumentou
com N fracionado e diminuiu com doses altas de N incorporado. A massa de mil
grãos foi menor com N fracionado. Recomenda-se repetir o experimento em
diferentes safras e condições para obter resultados mais abrangentes.Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a member of the Poaceae botanical family, is an
important commodity traded on international markets as it is a raw material used for
human and animal consumption on a daily basis. The nutritional needs of this crop
are broad and complex, and it is necessary to meet its nutritional demands so that it
can express its productive potential. Along with this chain of nutrients that the plant
needs, nitrogen (N) is the element that determines the quality of vegetative and
productive growth, as it constitutes important metabolic pathways in plants. Among
nitrogen sources, the most widely used source of N for plants is urea, which contains
a higher concentration of N (45%) and therefore has a lower cost. The forms of
application of urea limit its total use, since the most widely used form is superficial
application to the soil, which ends up favoring the loss of this nutrient to the
environment because it is a high volatility fertilizer. This loss due to ammonia (NH3)
volatilization can reduce the efficiency of N utilization from urea. Given the above,
considering the best use of fertilizer in the soil and the reduction of N losses in the
environment, an efficient alternative would be the application of urea incorporated
into the soil. However, there are no reports in the literature that present the
incorporation of N in wheat crops, making it an unprecedented subject, which justifies
the research object of the referred work. The experiment was carried out in the
experimental area of IFRS Campus Ibirubá, together with the partner company
Biotrigo Genética. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 4
replications, and the cultivar evaluated was TBIO Ponteiro. N applications were fully
incorporated at sowing; in only one application as top dressing; and two fractional
applications as top dressing. The nitrogen doses used were, in kg há-1
: 0 (control),
45, 67,5 and 90 in the protected urea source. The dose and form of N application did
not influence the plant stand, number of tillers, ears per m2, grains per ear and pH.
The productivity of the cultivar TBIO Ponteiro was higher with incorporated N and
increased with the N dose. Plant height was higher with 45 kg ha-1 of N applied in full
as topdressing. Protein content increased with fractionated N and decreased with
high doses of incorporated N. The thousand-grain mass was lower with fractionated
N. It is recommended to repeat the experiment in different crops and conditions to
obtain more comprehensive results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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