9 research outputs found
DEPOT ET CARACTERISATION DE COUCHES MINCES DE ZnO PAR SPRAY PYROLYSE
No full textL’élaboration des couches minces par les techniques classiques nécessite
des équipements énormes et spéciaux. Pour cette raison, le dépôt par spray pyrolyse se
présente comme une méthode alternative ayant plusieurs avantages ; mise au point
relativement simple, banc de dépôt non encombrant, non dangereux et surtout à bas prix et
finalement donne des résultats satisfaisants.
Dans ce travail, nous nous sommes focalisés, plus particulièrement, sur la réalisation
et l’optimisation d’un système de dépôt par spray pyrolyse d’un part et la caractérisation
des films d'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) élaborés d’autre part.
Pour cela, on a effectué différentes caractérisations afin d’optimiser les conditions
d’élaboration de couches minces par cette technique. L’étude porte surles effets des
paramètres de dépôt tels que la concentration de la solution de départ, le temps de dépôt et la
température du substrat sur la qualité des films.
Ces couches sont analysées par diverses techniques de caractérisation des matériaux.
La diffraction des rayons X et le microscope électronique à balayage ont confirmé que ces
films minces sont cristallins avec un état de surface rugueux. L’analyse EDS, nous a permis
de vérifier la composition de ces films minces, La spectrophotométrie UV-VIS de ces films
confirme qu'il est possible d'obtenir de bons films transparents de ZnO avec, en moyenne, une
transmittance de ~ 85% dans le visible et un gap optique autour de 3,3 eV. Selon
les paramètres de dépôt ; les mesures électriques effectuées sur les échantillons ont donné une
résistivité électrique de l’ordre de 10-2Ω.cm
A new technical for solving a weakly singular integro-differential equations
No full textAbstractIn this work, we transform a weakly singular integro-differential equations with logarithmic kernel to singular integral equations of Cauchy type and we prove by regularization the existence and uniqueness of the solution of this equations. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of this new technical methods
Theoretical investigations of structural, electronic, optical and elastic properties of wurtzite ZnO1−xSex ternary alloys using first principle method
No full text© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Materials Research Society.We have explored the structural, electronic, optical, and elastic properties of ZnO1−xSex (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) ternary alloys with wurtzite structure (WZ). We have used the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method in the framework of density functional theory. The lattice parameters, bulk modulus, and first pressure derivative are determined in the WZ phase using the equation of state of Birch–Murnaghan. The variations of structural parameters versus the concentration x deviate slightly from Vegard's law. The electronic properties including bandgap energy, are studied for ternary alloys with their binary constituents, and the studied materials fall in the domain of direct bandgap semiconductors. Moreover, the optical properties like dielectric function, refractive index, reflectivity and absorption coefficient are examined. The findings of this works could be worthful for the development and preparation of these materials for wide-range of optoelectronic applications. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.
THE THEORY OF LITERARY GENRES IN GEORGE LUKACS (HUNGARY)
No full textIn spite of his high reputation among the contemporary intellectual audience, Lukacs' work is still perceived and treated reductively in parts, especially with respect to his literary theory and criticism. Believing that Lukacs' views particularly in this sphere of aesthetic form an evolving whole, this study seeks to construct the most fundamental principles on which he bases his genre theory. This perspective was chosen because, like many critics, I regard genre theory as the formative principle of literary theory as a whole.Mostly through descriptive method, this study exposes and explains the differences that Lukacs directly or indirectly makes between modes (the historically universal categories of the genre system), and genres (the variables that represent the more concrete changes in the historical process as aesthetically reflected in literary forms).Throughout his career, Lukacs established his genre theory on one central category, that of totality. The modes represent the most fundamental types of totality: totality of objects for epic, totality of movement for drama, and totality of the lyrical moment or the subjective for lyric.The genres, on the other hand, are the more concrete forms in which the modes, and thus the totalities, aesthetically objectify themselves. They are, in other words, the aesthetic forms of particular historical moments, such as the epic genre for early Greek society or the novel for the bourgeois society.Although it contains some weaknesses, Lukacs' genre theory does form a whole that is deep, rich, insightful, and very useful in understanding the problems of genre, especially from an historical perspective.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 46-02, Section: A, page: 4150.Ph.D. American University 1984.Englis
Voice-QA: evaluating the impact of misrecognized words on passage retrieval
No full textQuestion Answering is an Information Retrieval task where the query is posed using natural language and the expected result is a concise answer. Voice-activated Question Answering systems represent an interesting application, where the question is formulated by speech. In these systems, an Automatic Speech Recognition module can be used to transcribe the question. Thus, recognition errors may be introduced, producing a significant effect on the answer retrieval process. In this work we study the relationship between some features of misrecognized words and the retrieval results. The features considered are the redundancy of a word in the result set and its inverse document frequency calculated over the collection. The results show that the redundancy of a word may be an important clue on whether an error on it would deteriorate the retrieval results, at least if a closed model is used for speech recognition.This work was carried out in the framework of TextEnterprise (TIN2009-13391-C04-03), Timpano (TIN2011-28169-C05-01), WIQEI IRSES (grant no. 269180) within the FP 7 Marie Curie People, FPU Grant
AP2010-4193 from the Spanish Ministerio de Educaci´on (first author), and the
Microcluster VLC/Campus on Multimodal Intelligent Systems (third author)Calvo Lance, M.; Buscaldi, D.; Rosso, P. (2012). Voice-QA: evaluating the impact of misrecognized words on passage retrieval. En Advances in Artificial Intelligence - IBERAMIA 2012. Springer Verlag (Germany). 462-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34654-5_47S462471Buscaldi, D., Gómez, J.M., Rosso, P., Sanchis, E.: N-Gram vs. Keyword-Based Passage Retrieval for Question Answering. In: Peters, C., Clough, P., Gey, F.C., Karlgren, J., Magnini, B., Oard, D.W., de Rijke, M., Stempfhuber, M. (eds.) CLEF 2006. LNCS, vol. 4730, pp. 377–384. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)Harabagiu, S., Moldovan, D., Picone, J.: Open-Domain Voice-Activated Question Answering. In: 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING 2002), pp. 1–7 (2002)Jones, K.: Index Term Weighting. Information Storage and Retrieval 9(11), 619–633 (1973)Moldovan, D., Paşca, M., Harabagiu, S., Surdeanu, M.: Performance Issues and Error Analysis in an Open-Domain Question Answering System. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) 21(2), 133–154 (2003)Rosso, P., Hurtado, L.F., Segarra, E., Sanchis, E.: On the Voice-Activated Question Answering. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews 42(1), 75–85 (2012)Sanderson, M., Paramita, M.L., Clough, P., Kanoulas, E.: Do User Preferences and Evaluation Measures Line Up? In: 33rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR 2010), pp. 555–562. ACM, New York (2010)Turmo, J., Comas, P., Rosset, S., Galibert, O., Moreau, N., Mostefa, D., Rosso, P., Buscaldi, D.: Overview of QAST 2009. In: Peters, C., Di Nunzio, G.M., Kurimo, M., Mandl, T., Mostefa, D., Peñas, A., Roda, G. (eds.) CLEF 2009. LNCS, vol. 6241, pp. 197–211. Springer, Heidelberg (2010
Elaboration of novel biocomposite hydrogel polymers made of alginate and sepiolite and endowed with enhanced properties
No full textInternational audienceNowadays growing attention is given to the design and development of novel interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) from the combination of hydrogel polymers loaded with natural clay. In this work, we used the eco-friendly IPN strategy to develop novel hydrogel biocomposite beads, made of alginate (ALG), with improved clay dispersion, higher pH sensitivity, better stretchability and swellability, together with enhanced regenerability properties and delayed biodegradability. Fibrous clay, namely, sodium sepiolite (NaS), was loaded into alginate simple biocomposite network (SBN) beads, via manual co-grinding mixture/encapsulation method, at different sepiolite loads. Alginate double biocomposite network (DBN) beads were also prepared at different sepiolite loads, via the diffusion of acrylamide monomers (AAM) inside alginate single biocomposite network (SBN) beads, followed by external and in situ free radical polymerization of AAM into polyacrylamide (pAAM), using ammonium persulfate (APS) as polymerization initiator and N,Nmethylenebisacrylamide (Bis) as covalent crosslinker agent. The as-elaborated SBN and DBN beads were then characterized by digital camera recording, XRD analysis, ATR-FTIR characterization and SEM observation. FTIR results showed that NaS and pAAM were successfully incorporated into DBN beads, while partially exfoliated morphology was obtained with XRD analysis, which revealed the enhancement of fibrous clay dispersion, even at relatively high sepiolite loads. Besides, SEM microscopy confirmed the porous spongious nature of DBN beads. The properties of the as-elaborated SBN and DBN beads were also evaluated by test touching, swelling rate measurements, adsorption/desorption experiments and biodegradability evaluation. DBN beads properties were always found enhanced in comparison with those of SBN beads. This suggests that the synergetic effect between IPN and biocomposite structure improves the stretchability of the DBN beads, their stability in water whatever the pH and their swelling behavior (up to 2000 g/g adsorbed water after 110 min, which was nevertheless found dependent on the pH and on sepiolite load). Moreover, DBN beads displayed enhanced adsorption/desorption properties Extended author information available on the last page of the article Polymer Bulletin toward methylene blue (MB) dye (no reduction in MB adsorption capacity after 5 cycles), very good regenerability (ethanol being used as effective eluting agent) and delayed biodegradability (complete degradation only after 8 days in the presence of sepiolite). In summary, this work showed an interesting and safe IPN/biocomposite approach to develop high-performance alginate biocomposite polymers as a promising system toward their use in eco-friendly processes.</div
Outcomes of elective liver surgery worldwide: a global, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: The outcomes of liver surgery worldwide remain unknown. The true population-based outcomes are likely different to those vastly reported that reflect the activity of highly specialized academic centers. The aim of this study was to measure the true worldwide practice of liver surgery and associated outcomes by recruiting from centers across the globe. The geographic distribution of liver surgery activity and complexity was also evaluated to further understand variations in outcomes. Methods: LiverGroup.org was an international, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study following the Global Surgery Collaborative Snapshot Research approach with a 3-month prospective, consecutive patient enrollment within January?December 2019. Each patient was followed up for 90 days postoperatively. All patients undergoing liver surgery at their respective centers were eligible for study inclusion. Basic demographics, patient and operation characteristics were collected. Morbidity was recorded according to the Clavien?Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications. Country-based and hospital-based data were collected, including the Human Development Index (HDI). (NCT03768141). Results: A total of 2159 patients were included from six continents. Surgery was performed for cancer in 1785 (83%) patients. Of all patients, 912 (42%) experienced a postoperative complication of any severity, while the major complication rate was 16% (341/ 2159). The overall 90-day mortality rate after liver surgery was 3.8% (82/2,159). The overall failure to rescue rate was 11% (82/ 722) ranging from 5 to 35% among the higher and lower HDI groups, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first to our knowledge global surgery study specifically designed and conducted for specialized liver surgery. The authors identified failure to rescue as a significant potentially modifiable factor for mortality after liver surgery, mostly related to lower Human Development Index countries. Members of the LiverGroup.org network could now work together to develop quality improvement collaboratives. © Copyright 2023 The Author(s)
Physicochemical properties of pectin from Malus domestica 'Falticeni' apple pomace as affected by non-conventional extraction techniques
No full text[EN] Six non-conventional techniques (microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction - with cellulase and Celluclast 1.5L, ultrasound-assisted extraction - heating treatment, and enzyme-assisted extraction - ultrasound treatment) and conventional citric acid extraction were applied to extract pectin from Malus domestica 'Falticeni' apple pomace, and were compared in terms of extraction yields and physicochemical properties of the pectins. Microwave extraction led to the highest extraction yield and the lowest pectin recovery was found for the extraction with Celluclast 1.5L. Pectin samples obtained by microwave extraction showed color parameters comparable to commercial apple and citrus pectin, and had high galacturonic acid content, increased equivalent weight and high degree of esterification and molecular weight. High galacturonic acid content, molecular weight and degree of esterification were also found for pectin extracted by ultrasonication. On the opposite side, enzymatically extracted pectins had high equivalent weight, but lower degree of esterification that classified pectin extracted with cellulase as low-methoxylated pectin. Pectins obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction - heating treatment and microwave extraction showed thermal properties that were similar to that of commercial pectins. The rheological characterization of pectin samples highlighted the high viscosities of solutions prepared with pectin from the ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extractions, which were correlated with their molecular weight and galacturonic acid content.This work was supported from contract no. 18PFE/16.10.2018 funded by Ministry of Research and Innovation of Romania within Program 1 - Development of national research and development system, Subprogram 1.2 - Institutional Performance -RDI excellence funding projects. The author Mircea Oroian also acknowledge for the financial support of the Romania National Council for Higher Education Funding, CNFIS, project number CNFIS-FDI-2019-0600.Dranca, F.; Vargas, M.; Oroian, M. (2020). Physicochemical properties of pectin from Malus domestica 'Falticeni' apple pomace as affected by non-conventional extraction techniques. Food Hydrocolloids. 100:1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105383S114100Abid, M., Jabbar, S., Wu, T., Hashim, M. 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