1,720,955 research outputs found
PEWARISAN MUSLIM DENGAN NON-MUSLIM (Studi Analisis terhadap Metode Ijtihad Al-Qaraḍāwi)
No full textDalam fikih disebutkan ada tiga larangan mewarisi, salah satunya adalah perbedaan agama (ikhtilāf al-dayn). Jumhur fukaha berpendapat bahwa antara muslim dan non-muslim tidak saling mewarisi. Namun, ada fukaha yang membolehkan muslim mewarisi non-muslim, tetapi tidak sebaliknya. Dalam konteks kekinian, Al-Qaraḍāwi berpendapat sama dengan minoritas fukaha. Penulis tertarik meneliti bagaimana metode ijtihad yang dilakukan sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan yang berbeda antara jumhur dan minoritas fukaha. Kemudian antara minoritas fukaha dengan Al-Qaraḍāwi yang menghasilkan kesimpulan yang sama. Metode ijtihad tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan empat teori yaitu; teori asas keadilan dan maslahat, teori ta’abbudi dan ta’aqquli, teori mu’aqqad dan mu’abbad, serta teori takhṣīṣ. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis, dengan teknik data liblary research (penelitian kepustakaan). Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa: (1) hadis larangan mewarisi antar agama adalah hadis ahad, dan hadis ahad itu merupakan ẓannī al-wurūd; (2) semua fukaha sepakat bahwa non-muslim tidak bisa mewarisi muslim. Terjadi perbedaan pendapat mengenai hukum muslim mewarisi non-muslim, akibat adanya perbedaan metode ijtihad. Minoritas fukaha dan Al-Qaraḍāwi membolehkan muslim mewarisi non-muslim, namun ada perbedaan dalam metode ijtihad yang ditempuh. Minoritas fukaha yang diwakili Ibnu Taimiyah dan Ibnu Qayyim melakukan takṣīṣ, sedangkan Al-Qaraḍāwi melakukan takwil; (3) Al-Qaraḍāwi tidak konsisten dengan pandangannya yang menyebutkan bahwa maslahat dalam pewarisan adalah menguatkan ikatan keluarga. Karena secara logika lurus, larangan dzimmī —sebagai hasil dari takwil lafaz kafir— untuk menerima warisan dari muslim, hanya memandang maslahat secara sepihak, serta rawan terjadinya keretakan hubungan dalam keluarga; (4) kebolehan mewarisi antara muslim dengan non-Muslim, tidaklah bertentangan dengan prinsip umum Al-Quran yang universal
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Konsep Moderasi Beragama Perspektif Tokoh Dayah di Aceh
Full text linkModerasi beragama hingga hari ini menjadi topik yang masih hangat untuk dikaji dan diteliti baik secara nasional maupun daerah. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menjelaskan bagaimana konsep moderasi beragama dalam perspektif tokoh dayah, yang kemudian dititik fokuskan untuk mengetahui pemberian makna dari tawassuth, tawāzun dan tasāmuḥ oleh tokoh dayah di Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah dengan mempergunakan beberapa teknik, meliputi: wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), observasi tidak berstruktur yaitu observasi yang dilakukan tanpa pedoman observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama; moderasi beragama perspektif ulama dayah menyatakan bahwa moderasi merupakan bagian dari ajaran Islam yang dibawa oleh Rasulullah saw, keadilan menjadi isu penting yang perlu dijaga dalam kehidupan sosial. Kedua; tawassuth memahami ajaran agama secara kaffah tidak parsial, tawazun adalah memahami dan mempraktikkan agama dengan ilmu agar kehidupan seimbang, dan tasamuh menjalankan ajaran agama masing-masing tanpa menghina agama lain
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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