1,721,055 research outputs found
Utilizzo di EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF in una paziente con viremia elevata e cirrosi HCV-correlata
No full textTrends in the European HIV/AIDS epidemic: a perspective from Italy
No full textThe HIV/AIDS epidemic represents one of the major public-health challenges in present days. Despite the relevant improvement in the prognosis of HIV disease following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), numerous new challenges are progressively emerging as patient characteristics evolve. In this article, we give an insight into more actual topics in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Italy and Europe, including recent epidemiological trends, emerging drug resistance and non-B-subtype circulation, the lights and shadows of HAART and the potential of HARRT to reduce sexual transmission of HIV
Bacterial community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected patients
No full textPurpose of Review: In this review, we focus on the clinical features, diagnosis, outcome and management of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (BCAP) in HIV-infected patients, with particular attention to the most Recent Findings in this area. Recent Findings: Clinical features of BCAP are often atypical in HIV-infected individuals, especially when liver cirrhosis is also present. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common causative agent and is frequently associated with bacteriemic disease even in low-risk patients according to pneumonia severity index. An etiologic diagnosis is obtained in an average 35% of cases with standard culture methods. In such conditions, urinary antigen test for S. pneumoniae identification may help in reaching a rapid and etiologic diagnosis. CD4 cell count should be carefully considered in HIV patients with BCAP. In consideration of their high mortality risk, patients with a CD4 cell count of less than 200 cells/μl should be hospitalized, whereas those with a CD4 cell count of at least 200 cells/μl could be managed according to pneumonia severity index score. Empiric antibiotic therapy should include a combination of a β-lactam and a macrolide or a respiratory fluoroquinolone alone. Finally, prevention strategies should include lifestyle modification, highly active antiretroviral therapy access and adherence programs and the implementation of pneumococcal vaccination. Summary: A correct diagnosis and management together with a comprehensive approach to preventive measures, including lifestyle modification, highly active antiretroviral therapy access and adherence programs and the implementation of pneumococcal vaccination, are key factors to reduce BCAP incidence and mortality in HIV-infected patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rhino-maxillary and orbital mucormycosis in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia:a successful surgery and antifungal therapy combined approach
No full textMucormycosis is an aggressive opportunistic infection caused by fungi within the order Mucorales, which
includes the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, and Absidia. Most of the reported cases involve immunocompromised
patients and different clinical pictures have been observed. The most common form is the rhinocerebral
infection that manifests in the nasal mucosa and in the paranasal sinuses and may involve the
ethmoid through the orbital vessels. Despite aggressive medical and surgical treatment, mortality in patients
with mucormycosis can be as high as 65%. Here we report a clinical case of a patient with an acute
leukaemia successfully treated with a combination of surgery and antifungal therapy
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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