382 research outputs found
Fiber design for high-power low-cost Yb:Al-doped fiber laser operating at 980nm
No full textWe investigated an Yb:Al-doped depressed-clad hollow optical fiber (DCHOF) for cladding-pumped 980nm laser operation. With a careful design, the nonzero fundamental-mode cutoff characteristics of a DCHOF allows the competing 1030-1060nm emission to be filtered out, despite being quite close to 980nm. The laser yielded over 3W of output power in a diffraction limited beam (M -parameter degrades to 2.7, as a result of increased cladding-mode lasing, as the cladding thickness is reduced
Deep Learning for Real-Time Malaria Parasite Detection and Counting Using YOLO-mp
No full textMalaria in the rural and remote regions of tropical countries remain a major public health challenge. Early diagnosis and prompt effective treatment are the basis for the management of malaria and for reducing malaria mortality and morbidity worldwide and the key to malaria elimination. While Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) remains the current mainstay testing malaria infections, it is usually used in conjunction with clinical findings and lab tests of blood films through Microscopy- the gold standard of malaria diagnosis. Recent reports suggest that the accuracy of RDTs could be compromised due to parasite antigen gene deletion(s), and the lack of expertise and high turnover time makes microscopy impractical to be used in rural and remote areas which impede the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Delay in receiving treatment for uncomplicated malaria is reported to increase the risk of developing severe malaria and mortality. Thus, the need to develop advanced, faster, and smarter tools for malaria diagnosis is paramount, specially to reinforce the gold standard method, i.e., malaria microscopy which is a full-proof tool given the limitations be addressed. Deep learning-based methods have proven to provide human expert level performance on object detection/classification on image data. Such methods can be utilized for automation of repetitive task in assessing large number of microscope images of blood samples. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to improve the performance of deep learning models through consistent labelling of ground truth bounding box for the task of pathogen detection on microscope images of thick blood smears. Recommendations are made on the reliability and repeatability testing of the trained models. A custom deep learning architecture (YOLO-mp) is developed based on the design criteria of optimizing accuracy and speed of detection with minimal resources. The custom three-layered YOLO-mp-3l and four-layered YOLO-mp-4l models achieved the best mAP scores of 93.99 (@IoU=0.5) and 94.07 (@IoU=0.5), respectively outperforming standard YOLOv4 (mAP 92.56 @IoU=0.5) for detection of malaria pathogen on a public dataset of thick blood smear microscope images captured using phone camera. YOLO-mp-3l (BFLOPs =21.8, model size =24.5Mb) and YOLO-mp-4l (BFLOPs=24.477, model size =25.4Mb) outperformed standard YOLOv4 (BFLOPs=127.232, model size = 244Mb) in terms of computation and memory requirements proving them suitable to run on low resource devices
Deep Learning for Real-Time Malaria Parasite Detection and Counting Using YOLO-mp
No full textMalaria in the rural and remote regions of tropical countries remain a major public health challenge. Early diagnosis and prompt effective treatment are the basis for the management of malaria and for reducing malaria mortality and morbidity worldwide and the key to malaria elimination. While Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) remains the current mainstay testing malaria infections, it is usually used in conjunction with clinical findings and lab tests of blood films through Microscopy- the gold standard of malaria diagnosis. Recent reports suggest that the accuracy of RDTs could be compromised due to parasite antigen gene deletion(s), and the lack of expertise and high turnover time makes microscopy impractical to be used in rural and remote areas which impede the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Delay in receiving treatment for uncomplicated malaria is reported to increase the risk of developing severe malaria and mortality. Thus, the need to develop advanced, faster, and smarter tools for malaria diagnosis is paramount, specially to reinforce the gold standard method, i.e., malaria microscopy which is a full-proof tool given the limitations be addressed. Deep learning-based methods have proven to provide human expert level performance on object detection/classification on image data. Such methods can be utilized for automation of repetitive task in assessing large number of microscope images of blood samples. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to improve the performance of deep learning models through consistent labelling of ground truth bounding box for the task of pathogen detection on microscope images of thick blood smears. Recommendations are made on the reliability and repeatability testing of the trained models. A custom deep learning architecture (YOLO-mp) is developed based on the design criteria of optimizing accuracy and speed of detection with minimal resources. The custom three-layered YOLO-mp-3l and four-layered YOLO-mp-4l models achieved the best mAP scores of 93.99 (@IoU=0.5) and 94.07 (@IoU=0.5), respectively outperforming standard YOLOv4 (mAP 92.56 @IoU=0.5) for detection of malaria pathogen on a public dataset of thick blood smear microscope images captured using phone camera. YOLO-mp-3l (BFLOPs =21.8, model size =24.5Mb) and YOLO-mp-4l (BFLOPs=24.477, model size =25.4Mb) outperformed standard YOLOv4 (BFLOPs=127.232, model size = 244Mb) in terms of computation and memory requirements proving them suitable to run on low resource devices.</p
E-Journal of Chemistry from 2007 to 2012: A Bibliometric Study
No full textBibliometric research is a complex area to comprehend and to undertake in which one might expect information about the intricacies of identifying data for a bibliometric study, discussion about what that data means when it has been extracted, as well as details about the assumptions and limitations researchers face when working in the field, will need to consult an alternative source (Haddow, 2010). Now-a-days, bibliometric studies are conducted for a given field of knowledge on specific literature, research output of a prolific author, research productivity of an organization or of an individual journal for a specific range of time. The present study attempts to unfold the publication characteristics of E-Journal of Chemistry which is published by World Wide Web Publications (P) India from the USA
Rice Variety Resistant to Gall Midge (GM) and Bacterial Blight (BB) Released in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India
No full textThis article 'Rice Variety Resistant to Gall Midge (GM) and Bacterial Blight (BB) Released in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world
High-resolution extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy of G191-B2B: structure of the stellar photosphere and the surrounding interstellar medium
No full textWe have continued our detailed analysis of the high-resolution (R= 4000) spectroscopic observation of the DA white dwarf G191-B2B, obtained by the Joint Astrophysical Plasmadynamic Experiment (J-PEX) normal incidence sounding rocket-borne telescope, comparing the observed data with theoretical predictions for both homogeneous and stratified atmosphere structures. We find that the former models give the best agreement over the narrow waveband covered by J-PEX, in conflict with what is expected from previous studies of the lower resolution but broader wavelength coverage Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer spectra. We discuss the possible limitations of the atomic data and our understanding of the stellar atmospheres that might give rise to this inconsistency. In our earlier study, we obtained an unusually high ionization fraction for the ionized He ii present along the line of sight to the star. In the present paper, we obtain a better fit when we assume, as suggested by Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph results, that this He ii resides in two separate components. When one of these is assigned to the local interstellar cloud, the implied He ionization fraction is consistent with measurements along other lines of sight. However, the resolving power and signal-to-noise available from the instrument configuration used in this first successful J-PEX flight are not sufficient to clearly identify and prove the existence of the two components
Radiation Hardness of Undoped BGO Crystals
No full textWe measured the radiation hardness of undoped BGO crystals from two different manufacturers. Such crystals are proposed to be used in a small angle calorimeter of the BELLE detector of the KEK B-factory. Transparency and scintillation light output of the crystals were monitored to see the effect of radiation damage. The crystals show considerable radiation hardness up to 10.2 MRad equivalent dose, which is much higher than the maximum expected dosage of 500 kRad per year of running at BELLE. Submitted to NIM-A. y Corresponding author; Present address : University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, U.S.A.; [email protected] 1 Introduction Bismuth Germanate (Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 ) crystals, commonly known as BGO, have been extensively used for electromagnetic calorimetry in high energy physics experiments[1]. Advantages of BGO are its excellent e=fl energy resolution (0.3 -- 1 %/ q (E(GeV )), high density, short radiation length, large refractive index, suitable scintillating properties(f..
Development of oxaliplatin encapsulated in magnetic nanocarriers of pectin as a potential targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy
No full textAbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and oxaliplatin (OHP) were in-situ encapsulated in pectin cross-linked with Ca2+ forming 100–200nm sized magnetically functionalized pectin nanocarriers, referred here as MP-OHP nanocarriers. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed formation of spherical nanostructures. The magnetic measurements by vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed high saturation magnetization (Ms=45.65emu/g). The superparamagnetic property of MP-OHP was confirmed from the blocking temperature (TB) determined from field cooled and zero field cooled magnetization, measured by superconducting quantum unit interference device (SQUID) magnetometry. The stability of the aqueous dispersion of MP-OHP nanocarriers was confirmed from its high zeta potential (−30.5mV). The drug encapsulation efficiency (55.2±4.8% w/w) and the drug loading content (0.10±0.04wt%) in MP-OHP nanocarriers were determined from corresponding platinum contents in OHP and MP-OHP batches measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). These nanocarriers exhibited a sustained release of OHP in phosphate buffer solution maintained at pH 5.5 and 7.4, where the drug release profile satisfied a combination of diffusion and swelling controlled mechanism. The cytotoxicity effect of MP-OHP nanocarriers was studied on MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreas) cancer cell line, where the GI50 values were more than 5mg/mL and it exhibited 10 folds higher cytoxicity than the equivalent concentration of free drug
Editorial Introduction
No full textPoet, professor, critic and folklorist Nandini Sahu is one of the most important figures in contemporary Indian writing in English. The sky-high number of her readers, making her the Amazon’s bestselling author for 2022, is a testimony to the sea-deep quality of her works. A professor by profession, a poet by essentiality, and a folklorist to the core, Nandini Sahu has touched the life and soul of many, in many ways. Her poetic output, one after the other, showed us new lights in which to see truth––an unfabricated truth
Measurement of Radiation Damage on an Optical Reflector
No full textWe measured the radiation damage on an optical white fluorocarbon reflector called Goretex which is to be used for aerogel threshold counters and crystal calorimeters of the BELLE detector of the KEK B-factory. Reflectance of the Goretex surface was monitored to see any effect of the radiation damage. Maximum equivalent dose was 8.6 MRad. No radiation damage is observed within measurement errors. 1 Introduction Sheets of white fluorocarbon reflectors, generically named as teflons, are extensively used in high energy particle physics experiments for wrapping a Submitted to NIM-A y Internet address: [email protected] z Internet address: [email protected] (Corresponding author) range of optical detectors such as scintillating plastics, crystals and aerogel Cerenkov detectors. Such reflectors have high reflectance, and help contain the light in the detecting volume, thus increasing the number of photons collected. With the advent of high luminosity particle accelerato..
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