1,721,009 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Governance, not genocide: Aboriginal assimilation in the Postwar Era
No full textThis chapter contests recent characterizations of post-1945 Ahoriginal assimilation policies as genocidal.1 Far from seeking elimination of the Aborigines, these policies of sociocultural assimilation were the first in more than a century ro seriously envisage Ahoriginal survival, to seek to ensure survival, and to prescribe strategies predicated upon their survival. Precisely because it envisaged Ahoriginal survival, the postwar state turned more resolutely to their governance. Of course, Ahorigines had earlier been governed, but now their governance would be both nomative and normalized. As part of the project of governance in a modern liberal national polity, Ahorigines were expected, or compelled, to adhere to and internalize the social norms and cultural competencies of the national community. To inculcate these norms and competencies, Aborigines were subjected to various tutelary and educative
regimes. Under these, many of the old controls and restrictions remained in place, being gradually lifted only when Aboriginal persons proved themselves, to the satisfaction of officialdom, capable of exercising the rights and privileges of citizenship. In the assimilationist era, roughly the twenty-five years after 1945, the state sought to assert control over the processes of social and cultural change in Aboriginal Australia, to produce Aboriginal citizens who,like other (ideal) citizens, could be governed consensually through their fidelity to the norms and values of the national community.2
Assimilation, I argue, was a project of governance, not of elimination, and analyses that mistake the latter for the former seriously misdiagnose the policy
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Colonial counterinsurgency and mass violence : the Dutch empire in Indonesia
No full textFirst published online 18 June, 2014Whether out of historical interest, romantic identification with the colonized or as models for contemporary counter-insurgency experts, the mass violence of insurgency and counter-insurgency in the post-war decolonization of the European empires has long exerted an intense fascination. In the main, the dramas in French Algeria and British Kenya in the 1950s have dominated the scene, overshadowing the equally violent events that unfolded in the Dutch, Belgian and Portuguese empires. Colonial counterinsurgency and mass violence is the first book in English to treat the intense conflict that occurred during the ‘Indonesian revolution’—the decolonization struggle of the Dutch East Indies between 1945 and 1949. This case is particularly significant as the first episode of post-war colonial violence, indeed one with global reverberations. International opinion was ranged against the Dutch, and the nascent United Nations condemned its euphemistically termed ‘police actions’ to reclaim the archipelago from Indonesian nationalists after defeat by the Japanese in 1942. As this book makes clear, however, intra-Indonesian violence was no less prevalent, as rival independence visions vied for control and villagers were caught between the fronts. Taking a multi-perspectival approach, eighteen authors examine the origins of the conflict as well as its representational and memory dimensions. Colonial counterinsurgency and mass violence will appeal to scholars of imperial history, mass violence and memory studies alike.-- 1. Colonial counterinsurgency and mass violence: the Dutch empire in Indonesia -- Part I. Conquest and reconquest -- 2. Colonial warfare and military ethics in the Netherlands East Indies, 1816–1941 -- 3. Genocide in the Kampongs? Dutch nineteenth century colonial warfare in Aceh, Sumatra -- 4. Business as usual: Dutch mass violence in the Indonesian War of Independence 1945-1949 -- 5. Learning on ‘the job’: Dutch war volunteers entering the Indonesian war of independence, 1945–46 -- 6. ‘Who wants to cover everything, covers nothing’: the organization of indigenous security forces in Indonesia, 1945–50 -- Part II. Indonesian violence -- 7. The killing of Dutch and Eurasians in Indonesia's national revolution (1945–49): a ‘brief genocide’ reconsidered -- 8. Anti-Chinese violence in Java during the Indonesian Revolution, 1945–499. Walking the tightrope: internal Indonesian conflict, 1945-1949 -- Part III. Representations and memories -- 10. ‘Not a colonial war’: Dutch film propaganda in the fight against Indonesia, 1945–49 -- 11. ‘Trust me, this news is indeed true’: representations of violence in Indonesian newspapers during the Indonesian revolution, 1945-1948 -- 12. Cleo's ‘unfinished business’: coming to terms with Dutch war crimes in Indonesia's war of independence -- 13. Colonial memory and forgetting in the Netherlands and Indonesia -- 14. From national sacrifice to compensation claims: changing Indonesian representations of the Westerling massacres in South Sulawesi (1946-1947) -- 15. Competitive or multidirectional memory? The interaction between postwar and postcolonial memory in the Netherlands -- 16. Epilogue: On genocide and mass violence in colonial Indonesia
Political Genocides in Postcolonial Asia
No full textThis article discusses political genocide in postcolonial Asia, looking at Indonesia, Cambodia, and China. Mass political killing presents a special problem in genocide studies. The slaughter of human beings because of the political beliefs and attitudes they held, or were presumed to have held, cost millions of lives during the twentieth century. The Indonesian killings of 1965-6 cost half a million lives and the killings during the Cultural Revolution in China claimed a million lives. Although these are massive death tolls, both episodes involved only a relatively small proportion of the total population of those two countries. The Cambodian killings, by contrast, claimed twenty-five per cent of a population of eight million in little more than three years. These three political genocides took place within little more than a decade. They occurred in the context of the Cold War, a time of acute polarization between secular ideologies that is unprecedented in world history
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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