1,721,113 research outputs found
On fixpoint arithmetic and infinite time Turing machines,
No full textIn this paper we deal with Fixpoint Arithmetic and Infinite Time Turing Machines. We show that every set of first order assignments definable by a formula of fixpoint arithmetic can be recognized by an Infinite Time Turing Machine, and that the resulting inclusion is proper.
Our result, combined with other known results, gives a chain of proper inclusions from Pi(1)(1) to Fixpoint Arithmetic to Infinite Time Turing Machines to Delta(2)(1). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
CARATTERI DI IDONEITÀ E TIPICITÀ PERCEPITA NEL PROSCIUTTO CRUDO
No full textApplicable requirements and perceived typicality of dry-cured ham. Among the typical products, dry-cured ham has a relevant economic and social value in many European countries, including Italy. Considering the importance of the sector, great attention is placed in obtaining products with high quality and compliance standards. To ensure them the PDO Consortia adopt shared guidelines and strict requirements, covering the whole production process. The authors, illustrating the results of a "PRIN" project that considered the three main Italian PDO hams, highlight the properties that determine the perception of quality of this product and the importance of factors which, acting in different stages of the production chain, influence consumer’s behavior.
The sensory identity of ham is the most important product cue for consumer discrimination and preference. The information about origin generates expectations for specific sensory properties, which are considered PDO distinctive and affect the hedonic response. However, the sensory specificity communicated by ham designation of origin is not always recognized at consumption time and this constitutes a serious risk for the reputation and success of a typical product. These findings are relevant for producers who are suggested to market hams with a constant sensory profile for the properties that define product identity. It is in respect of the preservation and enhancement of these identity properties that it should be evaluated the "sustainability" of the choices of production, such as the selection of the raw materials, the technological procedures as well as the communication of the product quality.
Within this framework, the paper also presents and discusses the effects of the heavy pig genotype and processing technology on the compliance requirements and sensory profile of dry-cured hams and their influence on the liking and preference of Italian PDO consumers
Perceived astringency in wine: A predictive model
No full textSensations perceived in the act of tasting are important determinants of consumer response to red wine. Astringency is a tactile stimulus that strongly influences wine acceptability. Astringency descriptors account for more than a half of the total terms in the mouth-feel wheel proposed for describing the sensory properties of red wine. The physiological mechanism of the astringency perception in wine is based on the reaction of phenolic compounds with salivary proteins and the consequent formation of insoluble astringent/protein complexes. The availability of in vitro assays to estimate the strength of the sensation induced by different phenolic compounds became crucial in order to optimise the processing conditions in relation to this important driver of wine acceptability and sensory quality. In this work recent advancements in predicting astringency induced by phenolic compounds are discussed and new and promising methods are presented. Critical points in collecting both sensory and chemical data are reviewed. In particular, the application of the "Astringency Mucin Index" (AMI) in predicting the astringency induced by grape and wine phenol extracts is shown. The results of the use of the AMI on commercial phenolic extract, seed phenolic extracts from 'Aglianico' grape, 18 'Sangiovese' experimental wines and 20 commercial 'Aglianico del Vulture' wines are presented. Future developments of methods capable of predicting astringency are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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