1,721,047 research outputs found
High-Lard and High-Fish Oil Diets Differ in Their Effects on Insulin Resistance Development, Mitochondrial Morphology and Dynamic Behaviour in Rat Skeletal Muscle
No full textFish oil (mainly omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids), differently from lard (mainly saturated fatty acids) has been sug- gested to have anti-inflammatory effects associated with amelioration of insulin sensibility. An important role in skele- tal muscle insulin resistance development has been recently attributed to mitochondrial dynamic behavior. Mitochon- dria are dynamic organelles that frequently undergo fission/fusion processes and a shift toward fission process has been associated with skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance development. The present work aimed to evaluate if the replacement of lard with fish oil in high-fat diet positively affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial dy- namic behavior in association with the improvement of insulin-resistance. Body weight gain, systemic insulin-resistance (glucose/insulin ratio), serum TNFα levels and skeletal muscle lipid content were assessed in rats fed a high-lard or high-fish-oil diet for 6 weeks. In skeletal muscle sections, immunohistochemical analysis were performed to detect the presence of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and tyrosine phosphorylated IRS1 (key factor in insulin signalling path- way) as well as to detect the main proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion (MFN2 and OPA1) and fission (DRP1 and Fis1) processes. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial ultrastructural features were assessed by electron microscopy. High-fish oil feeding induced lower body weight gain, systemic inflammation and insulin-resistance development as well as skeletal muscle lipid accumulation compared to high-lard feeding. Skeletal muscle sections from high-fish oil fed rats exhibited a greater number of immunoreactive fibers for MFN2 and OPA1 proteins as well as weaker immunostaining for DRP1 and Fis1 compared to sections from high-lard fed rats. Electron microscopy observations suggested a promi- nent presence of fission events in L rats and fusion events in F rats. The positive effect of the replacement of lard with fish oil in high-fat diet on systemic and skeletal muscle insulin sensibility was associated to changes in mitochondrial dynamic behavior
C9, t11-Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates steatosis by modulating mitochondrial uncoupling and Nrf2 pathway
No full textOxidative stress, hepatic steatosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathophysiological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture of cis 9, trans 11 (9,11-CLA) and trans 10, cis 12 (10,12-CLA) isomers enhanced the antioxidant/detoxifying mechanism via the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and improved mitochondrial function, but less is known about the actions of specific isomers. The differential ability of individual CLA isomers to modulate these pathways was explored in Wistar rats fed for 4 weeks with a lard-based high-fat diet (L) or with control diet (CD), and, within each dietary treatment, two subgroups were daily administered with 9,11-CLA or 10,12-CLA (30 mg/ day). The 9,11-CLA, but not 10,12-CLA, supplementation to CD rats improves the GSH/GSSG ratio in the liver, mitochondrial functions, and Nrf2 activity. Histological examination reveals a reduction of steatosis in L-fed rats supplemented with both CLA isomers, but 9,11-CLA downregulated plasma concentrations of proinflammatory markers, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress markers in liver more efficiently than in 10,12-CLA treatment. The present study demonstrates the higher protective effect of 9,11-CLA against diet-induced pro-oxidant and proinflammatory signs and suggests that these effects are determined, at least in part, by its ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway and to improve the mitochondrial functioning and biogenesis.-Mollica, M. P., G. Trinchese, G. Cavaliere, C. De Filippo, E. Cocca, M. Gaita, A. Della-Gatta, A. Marano, G. Mazzarella, and P. Bergamo. c 9, t 11-Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates steatosis by modulating mitochondrial uncoupling and Nrf2 pathway. J. Lipid Res . 2014. 55: 837-849. Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of high fat feeding on metabolic efficiency and mitochondrial oxidative activity in adult rats.
No full textFat balance and hepatic mitochondrial function in response to fat feeding in mature rats.
No full textFat balance and hepatic mitochondrial function in response to fat feeding in mature rats.
No full textACETYL-L-CARNITINE SUPPLEMENTATION DIFFERENTLY INFLUENCES NUTRIENT PARTITIONING, SERUM LEPTIN CONCENTRATION AND SKELETAL MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATION IN YOUNG AND OLD RATS.
No full textPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and its receptors in Mus musculus testis
No full textTo enlighten the involvement of PACAP/receptors system in the control of mammal testis, we investigated the expression of PACAP and the localization of PACAP and its receptors PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2 in the testis of Mus musculus. By molecular and immunohistochemical investigations, we highlighted that PACAP and its receptors are widely represented in germ cells of Mus testis, particularly in spermatocytes I, spermatids, and spermatozoa, strongly suggesting their involvement in spermatogenesis process. Moreover, for the first time in the adult mouse testis we highlighted that PACAP is present within Leydig cells, as PACAP receptors, confirming its involvement in the control of steroidogenesis in mouse
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