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    Meconium plug syndrome

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    Meconium plug syndrome, also described as functional immaturity of the colon, is a transient disorder of the newborn colon characterized by the delayed passage (> 24–48 h) of meconium associated with intestinal dilatation. The retained meconium shows up on contrast enema as a filling defect or plug producing a double-contrast effect. Small left colon syndrome is a subset of the meconium plug syndrome where an enema demonstrates an apparent transition zone between dilated distal colon and colon of normal or decreased calibre at the splenic flexure [1]

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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