1,720,997 research outputs found
THE BODY SCHEME IN PEOPLE OF DEVELOPMENTAL AGE: DISORDERS AND RE-EDUCATION STRATEGIES THROUGH MOTOR ACTIVITY
No full textDIGITAL STORYTELLING: AN INNOVATIVE DIDACTIC APPROACH IN THEATRE FOR IMPROVING PSYCHOPHYSICAL WELLBEING AND SELF-ESTEEM
No full textLEARNING FOR LIFE: INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL SKILLS IN EDUCATION THROUGH SPORTS ACTIVITY
No full text
Rhythm and movement in developmental age
Full text linkCoordination is the neurophysiological activity of regulating the synchronism and extent of contraction and relaxation of the various muscles in order to achieve more or less complex movements in pursuit of set goals. Coordinated gestures are characterised by a correct rhythm of movement. The relationship between Movement and Rhythm, is of extreme importance for several reasons. On a biological level, rhythmic capacity leads to a reduction in muscular fatigue, frees us from unnecessary effort, and optimises movement by reducing energy expenditure. Furthermore, rhythmicity develops a series of motor and cognitive skills, which are fundamental for improving the activities of daily life of everyone. The purpose of this work was to investigate articles in the literature that explore the relationship between rhythmicity and motor and cognitive development in school-aged children, and the benefits of improving this motor skill. It has been widely demonstrated that rhythmic training improves coordination, sense of direction, laterality and organisation of space and time, reading, language, logical and mathematical thought structure and socialisation. The development of this special coordinative ability has also been shown to be crucial in children with learning disabilities and in neurodevelopmental disorders. Therefore, education and training in Rhythm is fundamental for learning motor and cognitive development throughout each child's developmental years
Neuroplasticity and Motor Learning in Sport activity
No full textPlasticity is the ability of the nervous system to change structurally and functionally, following physiological, harmful and environmental stimuli. Thanks to a series of non-invasive technologies, such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), the Motor Evoked Potential (MEP), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), the Positron Emission Tomography (PET), the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), the Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and Blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI), and Motion Capture System, it is now possible to study how different physiological and pathological conditions can affect the brain architecture and its functions.Thanks to neuronal plasticity it is possible to obtain alterations that can be useful for both recovering the functionality of areas compromised by a traumatic event (such as the loss of a limb, a stroke or blindness), but are also useful for another fundamental aspect of animal and human life: the acquisition of motor skills, and therefore of motor learning. This is a process that is influenced by experiences, and is crucial for the cortical organization and reorganization phenomena. The experience-dependent conditions such as the physical activity seem to have a prominent role in brain architecture. In fact, the physical activity determines an increase of synapse formation and causes the release of hormonal factors that promote neurogenesis and neuronal function, these phenomena inducing an improvement of neurocognitive functions.The purpose of this work is to briefly summarize the scientific studies that highlight the effect of motor learning on the anatomical- functional modification of the brain,underlining how sport is fundamental to favour the phenomena of neuronal flexibility and the maintenance of a good health
The Effect of Physical Activity on Executive Functions in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Full text linkBackground/Objectives: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the scientific, educational, and health sectors in investigating aspects upon which to design physical-activity interventions to prevent cognitive decline, a phenomenon that affects levels of autonomy and quality of life in older adulthood. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be an effective strategy that can be used to preserve executive functions (EFs) by improving brain flexibility and efficiency. This systematic review aims to identify the most effective strategies used to maintain EF, prevent decline, and promote independence in the elderly. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science; the search used keywords such as “cognitive decline”; “cognitive flexibility”; “elderly”; “executive functions”; “inhibition”; “physical activity”; and “working memory”. Experimental studies published between 2019 and 2025 examining the effects of PA on EFs in adults over 60 were selected. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies were included. The methodological quality of the included studies ranged from moderate to high according to the PEDro scale. Results: The analyzed studies show that short-term interventions positively affect one or two components of EFs, while medium- and long-term interventions produce benefits for all components (working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility). Interventions combined with cognitive stimulation show a greater impact than PA alone. Conclusions: PA is an effective strategy for preserving EFs in the elderly, but the lack of standardized protocols makes it difficult to identify optimal interventions. Further research is needed to more precisely define the most effective intervention approaches
Walking patterns and cognitive performance in Tai Chi experts: Exploring the connection to motor control
No full text
The Effects of Vibratory and Acoustic Stimulations on Postural Control in Healthy People:A Systematic Review
Full text linkResearch on human posture and balance control has grown in recent years, leading to continued advances in their understanding. The ability to maintain balance is attributed to the interplay of the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems, although an important role is also played by the auditory system. The lack or deficit in any of these systems leads to a reduced stability that may be counterbalanced by the integration of all the remaining sensory information. Auditory and vibratory stimulation have been found to be useful to enhance balance alongside daily activities either in healthy or pathological subjects; nevertheless, while widely investigated, the literature relating to these approaches is still fragmented. This review aims at addressing this by collecting, organising, and discussing all the literature to date on the effects of the various acoustic and vibratory stimulation techniques available on static upright posture in healthy subjects. In addition, this review intends to provide a solid and comprehensive starting point for all the researchers interested in these research areas. A systematic search of the literature was performed and a total of 33 articles (24 on vibratory stimulation and 9 on acoustic stimulation) were included in our analysis. For all articles, several elements were highlighted including: the study sample, the characteristics of the stimulations, the recording instruments, the experimental protocols, and outcomes. Overall, both stimulations analysed were found to have a positive effect on balance but more research is needed to align those alternative approaches to the traditional ones
- …
