101,881 research outputs found
Lo sviluppo della consulenza etica nei processi di HTA: i dati preliminari dell'esperienza dell'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Roma)
No full textTitolo: Lo sviluppo della consulenza etica nei processi di HTA: i dati preliminari dell'esperienza dell'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
Autori: SACCHINI D*, REFOLO P*, MINACORI R*, DI PIETRO ML*, RICCIARDI G**, LA TORRE G***, CICCHETTI A§, MARCHETTI M§§, AND SPAGNOLO AG*
Affiliazioni: * Istituto di Bioetica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (UCSC), Roma; ** Istituto di Igiene, UCSC, Roma; *** Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Igiene, Università di Roma "Sapienza" ; § Facoltà di Economia, UCSC, Roma; §§ Unità di Valutazione delle Tecnologie sanitarie, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Roma
Testo
La valutazione etica in un rapporto di Health Technology Assessment (HTA) concerne sia le questioni etiche sollevate dalla stessa tecnologia sia le questioni etiche che riguardano il processo di HTA. Anche se elencata come uno degli obiettivi dell’HTA, in pratica l'integrazione di questa dimensione in un report di HTA è stata, in passato, limitata.
Nel contesto italiano, già caratterizzato da un certo ritardo nella diffusione della HTA in generale, l'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (UCSC), Roma, Italia, dal 2007 ha cercato di colmare - dal rispettivo punto di vista disciplinare - questa lacuna, cominciando a integrare le analisi etiche in report di HTA in una attività consulenziale, sulla scia di esperienze internazionali : in particolare nel Progetto EunetHTA (2006-2008) ed ,attualmente, nell’EUnetHTA Joint Action (2010-2012).
Il contributo intende mostrare i risultati preliminari dell’applicazione dell’expertise etico in diversi rapporti di HTA nel periodo 2007-2010. I seguenti elementi saranno presentati: 1. per descrivere le metodologie / procedure utilizzate per incorporare le analisi etiche in report di HTA; 2. per rivedere l'insieme delle questioni etiche trattate; 3. per visualizzare tutte le risorse coinvolte, 4. Analizzare, infine, le difficoltà sorte nella valutazione.
In conclusione, la prospettiva è quella di strutturare e consolidare procedure operative standard (SOPs) per la consulenza etica in un processo di HTA all’interno di un servizio consulenziale facente capo all’Istituto di Bioetica dell'UCSC
The ethical and legal implications of nanotechnologies: a preliminary survey to picture the perceptions of law students and medical students
No full textThe aim of this preliminary survey was to picture the current knowledge and opinions of law students and medical students about nanotechnologies
The ethical assessment in HTA reports: the development and the evolution of the ethics consultation by Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome (Italy)
No full textThe ethical assessment in HTA reports: the development and the evolution of the ethics consultation by Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome (Italy)
The ethical assessment in an HTA report concerns both the ethical issues raised by the technology itself and the ethical issues that are related to the HTA process. Even though it is listed as one of the objectives of HTA, in practice the integration of this dimension into HTA reports has been often limited.
In the Italian context, already characterized by a certain delay in the diffusion of HTA, the Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Rome, Italy) tried from 2007 to fill this gap, beginning to integrate ethical analyses into HTA reports in an activity of consulting for third parties.
The contribution intends to show the results of the ethics consultation in various HTA reports from 2007 to 2010. The following elements will be presented: 1. to describe the methodologies/procedures used to incorporate ethical analyses into HTA reports; 2. to review the set of ethical questions dealt with; 3. to show the resources involved; 4. to analyse the difficulties arose in the assessment.
Finally, the perspective is to set up an HTA ethics consultation within a broad ethics consultation service by Institute of Bioethics of UCSC
β-Hexachlorocyclohexane Drives Carcinogenesis in the Human Normal Bronchial Epithelium Cell Line BEAS-2B
No full textOrganochlorine pesticides constitute the majority of the total environmental pollutants, and a wide range of compounds have been found to be carcinogenic to humans. Among all, growing interest has been focused on β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), virtually the most hazardous and, at the same time, the most poorly investigated member of the hexachlorocyclohexane family. Considering the multifaceted biochemical activities of β-HCH, already established in our previous studies, the aim of this work is to assess whether β-HCH could also trigger cellular malignant transformation toward cancer development. For this purpose, experiments were performed on the human normal bronchial epithelium cell line BEAS-2B exposed to 10 μM β-HCH. The obtained results strongly support the carcinogenic potential of β-HCH, which is achieved through both non-genotoxic (activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and proliferative activity) and indirect genotoxic (ROS production and DNA damage) mechanisms that significantly affect cellular macroscopic characteristics and functions such as cell morphology, cell cycle profile, and apoptosis. Taking all these elements into account, the presented study provides important elements to further characterize β-HCH, which appears to be a full-fledged carcinogenic agent
A comparative analysis of punicalagin interaction with PDIA1 and PDIA3 by biochemical and computational approaches
No full textIn a previous work, it was shown that punicalagin, an active ingredient of pomegranate, is able to bind to PDIA3 and inhibit its disulfide reductase activity. Here we provide evidence that punicalagin can also bind to PDIA1, the main expressed form of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). In this comparative study, the affinity and the effect of punicalagin binding on each protein were evaluated, and a computational approach was used to identify putative binding sites. Punicalagin binds to either PDIA1 or PDIA3 with a similar affinity, but the inhibition efficacy on protein reductase activity is higher for PDIA3. Additionally, punicalagin differently affects the thermal denaturation profile of both proteins. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations led to propose a punicalagin binding mode on PDIA1 and PDIA3, identifying the binding sites at the redox domains a’ in two different pockets, suggesting different effects of punicalagin on proteins’ structure. This study provides insights to develop punicalagin-based ligands, to set up a rational design for PDIA3 selective inhibitors, and to dissect the molecular determinant to modulate the protein activity
Bibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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