1,720,954 research outputs found
Bone growth, modeling and remodeling in a supernumerary metatarsal bone associated with segmental gigantism in cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita
Full text linkSkeletal structure and processes of bone growth, modeling and remodeling were studied in a supernumerary metatarsal surgically removed from a 3-year-old boy affected by Cutis Marmorata Telangiectatica Congenita (CMTC), associated with hypertrophy of the right upper and lower limbs and postaxial hexadactylism of the homolateral hand and foot. No other anomalies were observed. The excess of periosteal growth, due to congenital anomaly, induced an abnormal development of both modeling and remodeling processes. In bone modeling, osteoblast activity on the periosteal surface was not paralleled by osteoclast resorption along the wall of the medullary canal, and this enormously increased the cortical thickness. In bone remodeling, osteoclastic resorption cavities were not refilled by secondary Haversian systems, thus inducing a severe bone loss. While the alteration of bone growth and modeling can be ascribed to the congenital disease, the unbalanced bone remodeling appears mainly to depend on mechanical disuse of the supernumerary metatarsal
Alternaria spores at different heights from the ground
No full textBackground: Alternaria tenuis (Alt) is one of the main allergens in pediatric age. In temperate climates, airborne Alt spores are detectable from May to November with peaks in late summer and autumn. Sensitized children display symptoms even in the absence of airborne Alt spores. Alt spore concentration, as well as pollen, is usually detected by fixed devices located on the roof of a building at a height of 10-20 m. The aim of the current study is to find out whether ground-level (50 cm) Alt spore concentrations are different from those at roof-top level, even during low-concentration periods. Methods: Alt samples were taken simultaneously using a Hirst fixed volumetric collector (FVC) placed on a 15 m-high roof and by a portable volumetric collector (PVC). Firstly, the results of FVC and PVC, both placed on the roof-top, were compared to verify the correlation coefficient of the two samplers. Subsequently, the PVC was placed 50 cm above the ground in a courtyard (30 samplings) and in private green areas (50 samplings). The results were compared by statistical analysis (Student's t-test or K-S test). Results: The values of the 20 samples taken jointly in summer time (FVC 195 +/- 134 spores/m(3); PVC = 134 +/- 131 spores/m(3)) showed a good correlation between the two samplers (r = 0.850; P < 0.01), with a correction factor equal to 1.177. 1. Thirty samples obtained in summer and winter when the PVC was positioned in an enclosed courtyard directly below the FVC showed no significant difference (PVC, 181 +/- 194 spores/m(3); FVC, 152 +/- 145 spores/m(3); P = 0.221). 2. Fifty samples taken by PVC placed in private green areas in a low-concentration period, showed significantly higher concentrations than by FVC: PVC, 531 +/- 925 spores/m(3); FVC, 25 +/- 51 spores/m(3) (K-S test: P < 0.0001). In particular, 33 samples taken in winter when Alt counts by FVC were <10 spores/m(3) still demonstrated highly significant differences: PVC, 398 +/- 961 spores/m(3); FVC, 2.0 +/- 2 spores/m(3) (K-S test: P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our results lead to the conclusion that Alt spore concentration is significantly higher at ground level in the presence of vegetation, even when the spore concentration is very low (<10 spores/m(3)). These results further suggest that the individual's exposure to Alt, especially in the case of children, is underestimated by samples taken at roof-top level by FVC
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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