1,720,965 research outputs found
EFEKTIFITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALPUKAT (PERSEA AMERICANAM) TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN PERILAKU LARVA NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DAN CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS
No full textDina Meilina Putri:Efektivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana M) Terhadap Mortalitas dan Perilaku Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti danCulex quinquefasciatus. Pembimbing I, Prof. Dr. M. Ali S, M.Si., Pembimbing II, Drs. Supriatno, M. Si., Ph.DABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana M), (2) mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun alpukat terhadap mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegyptidan Culex quinquefasciatus, (3) mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun alpukat terhadap perilaku larva Aedes aegyptidan Culex quinquefasciatus, dan (4) mengetahui konsentrasi yang efektif dari ekstrak etanol daun alpukat sebagai larvasida bagi larva Aedes aegyptidanCulex quinquefasciatus. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi FKIP Unsyiah, Laboratorium Kimia FKIP Unsyiah, Laboratorium Parasitologi FKH Unsyiah, dan Laboratorium Baristand Industri Banda Aceh pada bulan Juli 2014 sampai dengan bulan Juni 2015. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun alpukat yang digunakan adalah 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm dan 5000 ppm. Analisa senyawa ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dilakukan dengan uji GCMS.Analisa pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun alpukat terhadap mortalitas dan perilaku larva dilakukan dengan uji ANOVA menggunakan SPSS,sedangkan analisaLC50 dan EC50 dianalisis menggunakan prism graph. Hasil uji GCMS ekstrak etanol daun alpukat diperoleh 7 senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida yaitu, phytol, palmitone, hexadecanoic acid, myrtanil acetate, trans (beta)-caryophyllene, ethyl linoleat, dan beta-ethyl-5 delta-cholesten-3 beta-ol-ramnol. Hasil uji ANOVA terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 1597,72 > Ftabel(0,05) = 2,57 dan mortalitas larva Culex quinquefasciatus diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 1127,19 > Ftabel(0,05) = 2,57. Hasil uji ANOVA terhadap perilaku larva Aedes aegypti diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 45,111 > Ftabel(0,05) = 2,57 dan perilaku larva Culex quinquefasciatus diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 114,083 > Ftabel(0,05) = 2,57. Hasil analisis LC50 pada 72 jam pengamatan menunjukkan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun alpukat yang dapat membunuh 50% larva Aedes aegypti adalah 732,84 ppm dan larva Culex quinquefasciatus adalah 961,75 ppm, sedangkan hasil analisis EC50 pada 72 jam pengamatan menunjukkan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun alpukat yang efektif sebagai larvasida Aedes aegypti adalah 488,1 ppm dan sebagai larvasida Culex quinquefasciatus adalah 829,7 ppm. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah pemberian ekstrak etanol daun alpukat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mortalitas serta perilaku larva Aedes aegypti dan Culex quinquefasciatus, sehingga berpotensi dijadikan sebagai larvasida alami.Kata kunci : Larvasida, Daun alpukat, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus Dina Meilina Putri: The Effectiveness Of The Ethanol Extracts Of Avocado Leaves Larvicide Against Aedes aegypti AndCulex quinquefasciatus Larvae Mortality And Behavior. Supervisor I, Prof. Dr. M. Ali S, M.Si., supervisor II, Drs. Supriatno, M.Si., Ph.D.ABSTRACTThis research aims to (1) know the compounds contained in the avocado leaves ethanol extract (2) find out the influence of the ethanol extracts of avocado leaves against larvae mortality of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitos, (3) find out the influence of the ethanol extracts of avocado leaves against larvae behavior of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitos,and (4) know the effective concentration of the ethanol extractsleaves of avocado for larvicide of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitos. This research was carried out in July 2014 until June 2015.The method used is Complete Random design experiment method consists of seven treatments and four replicates. Concentrations of ethanol extract of the leaves of the avocado are 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 and 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm. Analysis ofthe ethanol extracts of avocado leavescompounds is performed with GCMS test. Analysis of the influence of the ethanol extracts of avocado leaves against mortality and behavior of larvae is performed with ANOVA test, while the LC50 and EC50 analyzes were analyzed using a prism graph.GCMS test results of ethanol extract of avocado leaves obtained 7 potentially as larvicidal compounds namely, phytol, palmitone, hexadecanoic acid, myrtanil acetate, trans (beta)-caryophyllene, ethyl linoleat, and beta-ethyl-5 delta-cholesten-3 beta-ol-ramnol.ANOVA test results ofAedes aegypti larvae mortality obtained a value of Fcount = 1597,72 > Ftable(0.05) = 2,57 and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae mortality retrieved the value Fhitung = 1127,19 > Ftabel(0.05) = 2,57. The ANOVA test results of the behavior of Aedes aegypti larvae obtained a value of Fcount= 45,111 > Ftable(0,05) = 2,57 and Culex quinquefasciatus retrieved a value ofFcount= 114,083 > Ftable(0,05) = 2,57. The result of LC50 analyzes at 72 hours observation showed the concentration of ethanol extract of avocado leaves that can kill 50% Aedes aegypti larvae is 732,84 ppm and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae is 961,75 ppm, while results of EC50analyzes on 72 hour observation shows the effective concentrations of ethanol extracts of avocado leaves as larvicide ofAedes aegyptiis488,1 ppm and 829,7 ppm as Culex quinquefasciatuslarvicide. The conclusion obtained is the administering of ethanol extracts of avocado leavessignificantly affect the mortality as well as the behavior of the larvae of Aedes aegypti andCulex quinquefasciatus, thus it is potential to be used as natural larvicide.Keywords: Larvicide, Avocado leaves, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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