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    Experimental assessment of malfunction events in photovoltaic modules from IR thermal maps

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    This paper presents an innovative diagnostic technique to be adopted for the smart maintenance of photovoltaic plants. The proposed technique is able to relate the temperature distribution over PV modules, achievable by means of thermographic images, with the electrical produced/dissipated power of each single cell in the modules. This goal is achieved by applying the power balance equation at individual cell level in the modules under test with respect to a reference module; the approach does not require irradiance and ambient temperature sensors, thus ensuring low complexity and costs. Experiments have been performed to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed technique in describing the behavior of modules subject to malfunction events leading to the occurrence of hot-spots

    On the Optimal Orientation of Bifacial Solar Modules

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    This paper presents an accurate simulation strategy to optimize the installation of bifacial photovoltaic modules in terms of orientation and tilt. The tool relies on horizontal irradiance data and ambient temperature taken from PVGIS for assigned times during the day at the selected geographical site and provides the I-V (and P-V) curves at each time. In this analysis, Naples is chosen as a case-study. It is shown that vertical bifacial modules with the front oriented either to West or to East offer energy production comparable to that of a South-oriented monofacial panel tilted by 30°, which represents the conventional optimized configuration and is thus considered as a reference

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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