142,050 research outputs found
Asynapteron equatorianum Martins 1960
No full textAsynapteron equatorianum (Martins, 1960) Octoplon equatorianum Martins, 1960: 89, fig. 9. Asynapteron equatorianum; Martins, 1970: 1158; 2009: 17; Monné, 2005: 360 (cat.). Remarks. Species extremely variable in color. We examined one specimen that is dark in color. Head dark brownish-red; prothorax with anterior and posterior borders black, yellow color restricted to two pronotal areas; yellow spots on elytra largely surrounded by black, leaving yellowish background restricted to base and apex; meso- and metafemora black, except at the bases, which are yellow. Specimens examined. ECUADOR, Manabi: “Vicinity” Montecristi (01,0534S; 80,68195W, 350 m), d, 17– 21.II. 2006, F. T. Hovore & I. Swift col. (CASC).Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2014, New taxa, notes and new synonymy in Neoibidionini (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera), pp. 492-498 in Zootaxa 3786 (4) on page 495, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/23165
Tropidina Galileo & Martins 2007
No full textTROPIDINA Galileo & Martins, 2007 285. Alcyopis pallida Martins, 1964a: 141, fig. 11 Holotype female: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Lavras, I.1938, J.P. Ribeiro. Junior synonym of Alcyopis nigrovittata Gounelle, 190 286. Biraibidion martinsi Galileo & Santos-Silva, 2016b: 393, figs 1–3 Holotype male: Bolivia, Santa Cruz: Hwy 9, 11 km S Cabezas, 16.XII.2011, Morris & Bonaso. 287. Gnomibidion translucidum (Martins, 1960) Ibidion translucidum Martins, 1960d: 93, fig. 3 Holotype female: Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul: Salôbra (zona da Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil, km 1136– 1141) 20°10'S, 56°31'W, 18–29.X.1938, F. Lane. 288. Homaloidion pinacopterum (Martins, 1962) Ibidion pinacopterum Martins, 1962a: 298, fig. 27 Holotype female: Brazil, Espírito Santo: Viana, X.1940, A. Maller. 289. Ibidion immaculipenne Melzer, 1935: 181 Holotype male: Argentina, Salta, I.1930, L. Witte. Junior synonym of Tropidion fuscipenne (Gounelle, 1913) 290. Ibidion paraguayensis Martins, 1962b: 6 Holotype male: Paraguay, Central: Asunción, X.1943, Missão Científica Brasileira. Junior synonym of Tropidion fairmairei (Gounelle, 1909) 291. Minibidion bicolor Martins, Galileo & Limeira-de-Oliveira, 2009b: 508, fig. 2 Holotype male: Brazil, Maranhão: Caxias (Campus UEMA, Morro do Alecrim), 25–30.XII.2008, F.L. Oliveira. 292. Minibidion bondari (Melzer, 1923) Ibidion bondari Melzer, 1923b: 7 Lectotype: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Mar de Espanha, 14.X.1909, J.F. Zikán. The specimen is herein designated as the lectotype in order to stabilize the taxonomy and facilitate further identification of this species. 293. Minibidion captiosus Martins & Galileo, 2012a: 208 (nomen novum). Minibidion bicolor Martins, Galileo & Limeira –de–Oliveira, 2011: 281, fig. 6. (non Minibidion bicolor Martins, Galileo & Limeira –de–Oliveira, 2009a) Holotype male: Brazil, Maranhão: Caxias (Campus UEMA, Morro do Alecrim), 22–25.III.2010, F.L. Oliveira. 294. Minibidion craspedum Martins, 1971c: 136, fig. 4 Holotype female: Ecuador, Guayas: El Palmar (norte do Rio Guayaquil), 27.II.1965, L. Peña. 295. Minibidion punctipenne Martins, 1968a: 339, fig. 197, pl.10, fig. 2 Holotype: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Sete Lagoas (Instituto Agronômico do Centro–Oeste), XI.1962, A. Zunti. 296. Opacibidion opacicolle (Melzer, 1931) Ibidion opacicolle Melzer, 1931b: 53, pl. 11, fig. 6 Lectotype male: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, 12.II.1927, J.F. Zikán. The specimen is herein designated as the lectotype in order to stabilize the taxonomy and facilitate further identification of this species. 297. Perissomerus lenkoi Martins, 1962e: 160, 162, figs 36, 39 Holotype female: Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Serra do Urucum, 750 m), XI.1960, K. Lenko. Junior synonym of Perissomerus hilairei hilairei Gounelle, 1909 298. Perissomerus machadoi Martins, Galileo & Santos-Silva, 2016: 323, figs 4–6, 11 Holotype female: Paraguay, Alto Paraguay: “Ea. Campo Grande”, (19°46’51.1”S, 59°46’51.5”W), 30. XI.2002, Di Iorio. 299. Thoracibidion rubripenne Martins, Santos-Silva, Galileo & Limeira-de-Oliveira, 2014b: 610, figs 18, 20– 22 Holotype male: Brazil, Maranhão: Caxias (Campus UEMA, Morro de Alecrim), 01–15.II.2009, F.L. Oliveira. 300. Tropidion aurulentum Martins, 1971c: 141, figs 6–8 Holotype male: Brazil, Goiás: S. J. Tocantins, X.1940, P. Mota. 301. Tropidion batesi Martins, 1968a: 496, pl. 16, fig. 1 Holotype female: Brazil, Espírito Santo: Guandú, 4.XII.1920, F. Hoffmann. 302. Tropidion birai Galileo, Santos-Silva & Le Tirant, 2015: 102, figs 1– 4 Holotype male: Bolivia, Yungas, 01–28.VI.2005, Y. Callegari. 303. Tropidion buriti Martins & Galileo, 2012a: 200, fig. 2 Holotype female: Brazil, Piauí: Canto do Buriti, 18–22.XI.1991, C.R.F. Brandão. 304. Tropidion castaneum Martins, 1968a: 383, fig. 213 Holotype male: Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul: Salôbra (zona da Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil, km 1136–1141) 20°10'S, 56°31'W, 18–29.X.1938, F. Lane. 305. Tropidion extraordinarium Martins & Galileo, 1999a: 302, fig. 2 Holotype male: Brazil, Distrito Federal: Planaltina (15°35'S, 47°42'W, 1000 m), 15.X.1983, V.O. Becker. 306. Tropidion flavipenne (Martins, 1964) Ibidion flavipenne Martins, 1964a: 139, figs 4, 10 Holotype male: Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul: Salôbra (zona da Estrada de Ferro Noroeste do Brasil, km 1136–1141) 20°10'S, 56°31'W, 18–29.X.1938, F. Lane. 307. Tropidion igneicolle (Martins, 1962) Ibidion igneicolle Martins, 1962b: 10 Holotype female: Brazil, São Paulo: Monte Alegre (Fazenda Santa Maria, 1100 m), 24–30.XI.1942, F. Lane. 308. Tropidion inerme (Martins, 1962) Ibidion inerme Martins, 1962b: 7, figs 7, 16, 17b Holotype female: Brazil, São Paulo: Leme, XII.1936, D. Braz. 309. Tropidion lepidum Martins, 1971c: 138, fig. 5 Holotype male: Brazil, Mato Grosso: 12°49'S, 51°46'W, 18.X.1968, A. Mathews. 310. Tropidion pictipenne (Martins, 1962) Ibidion pictipenne Martins, 1962d: 58 Holotype female: Brazil, São Paulo: Barueri, 28.X.1954, K. Lenko. 311. Tropidion praecipuum Martins, 1971a: 1445 Holotype male: Brazil, Mato Grosso: Utiariti (Rio Papagaio), 01–12.XI.1966, Lenko & Pereira. 312. Tropidion silvestre (Martins, 1965) Ibidion silvestre Martins, 1965b: 210, fig. 3 Holotype male: Brazil, Espírito Santo: Linhares (Parque Nacional Sooretama), 17–27.X.1962, F. S. Pereira. 313. Tropidion tendyra Martins & Galileo, 2007b: 134, fig. 137 Holotype male: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó (km 110), 29.X.1974, C. Froehlich. 314. Tropidion terminatum Martins & Galileo, 2012a: 199, fig. 1 Holotype male: Brazil, Rondônia: Ariquemes (62 km S, near Fazenda Rancho Grande), 08–20.XI.1994, J.E. Eger. 315. Tropidion una Martins & Galileo, 2012a: 202, fig. 4 Holotype male: Brazil, Rondônia: Ariquemes (62 km SW, near Fazenda Rancho Grande), 08–20.XI.1994, J.E. Eger. 316. Tropidion zonapterum (Martins, 1962) Ibidion zonapterum Martins, 1962a: 299, fig. 28 Holotype male: Brazil, São Paulo: Itápolis (Fazenda Palmeiras), X.1945, F. Lane.Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., Santos-Silva, Antonio, Casari, Sônia A. & Monné, Marcela L., 2017, Checklist of Cerambycidae, Disteniidae and Vesperidae (Coleoptera) primary types of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 4249 (1) on pages 26-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.43947
Cotycicuiara chionea Martins & Galileo 2010, new species
No full textCotycicuiara chionea, new species (Figure 5) Description. Integument brownish-red. Head covered by whitish pubescence. Distance between upper lobes of the eyes slightly greater than two rows of ommatidia. Scape sparsely covered by whitish pubescence. Lateral gibbosities of prothorax rounded and slightly projecting. Pronotum covered by whitish pubescence and numerous contrasting, dark punctures. Scutellum covered by whitish pubescence. Basal declivity of elytra with dense whitish pubescence; remainder of elytra with sparse brownishyellow pubescence and several small spots of dense white pubescence. Legs and ventral surface covered by whitish pubescence. Measurements (mm), male/female respectively. Total length, 9.6/9.3; prothorax length, 2.0/2.0; prothorax width, 2.5/2.9; elytral length, 7.0/6.7; humeral width, 3.5/3.8. Type material. Male holotype, BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, 31.X.1926, J. F. Zikán col. (MZSP). Female paratype, Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Manguinhos), 17.12.1914, R. Fischer col. (MZSP); Minas Gerais: Viçosa, male paratype, 08.XII.1982, Fiuza & Martins col. (MZSP); Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, 3 male paratypes, 5 female paratypes, X. Acc. 2966 (2 males, 3 females, CMNH; male and female, MZSP; female, MCNZ). Etymology. Greek, chionea = snow, referring to the dense white elytral pattern.Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2010, New species of the genus Cotycicuiara Galileo and Martins, 2008 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Desmiphorini), pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (134) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.516480
Os acervos literários e a construção do texto biográfico: o caso Cyro Martins / The Literary Collections and the Construction of the Biographical Text: The Case Cyro Martins
No full textResumo: Este trabalho aborda a relevância dos acervos literários no processo de construção de textos biográficos – especialmente no caso da escrita da biografia do psicanalista e escritor gaúcho Cyro Martins (1908-1995). Em um primeiro momento, o foco do artigo recai sobre a importância dos materiais preservados no Acervo Cyro Martins, localizado no Delfos – Espaço de Documentação e Memória Cultural da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul –, para a escrita de uma futura biografia. Depois, são ressaltadas as potencialidades de outros acervos guardados no Delfos, pois Cyro Martins se relacionou de alguma forma com figuras intelectuais cujos arquivos também estão preservados na instituição: Dyonélio Machado, Lila Ripoll, Moysés Vellinho, Manoelito de Ornellas e João Otávio Nogueira Leiria.Palavras-chave: acervos literários; construção biográfica; Cyro Martins.Abstract: This work deals with the relevance of literary collections in the process of constructing biographical texts – especially in the case of writing the biography of psychoanalyst and writer Cyro Martins (1908-1995). At first, the article focuses on the importance of the materials preserved in the Cyro Martins Collection, located at Delfos – Espaço de Documentação e Memória Cultural of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, for writing a biography in the future; secondly, the potentialities of other collections stored in Delfos are highlighted, as Cyro Martins has related in some way to intellectual figures whose archives are also preserved in the institution: Dyonélio Machado, Lila Ripoll, Moysés Vellinho, Manoelito de Ornellas and João Otávio Nogueira Leiria.Keywords: literary collections; biographical construction; Cyro Martins
As máscaras modernistas: Adalgisa Nery e Maria Martins na vanguarda brasileira
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura.Certa tradição analisa as obras do modernismo brasileiro recorrendo à institucionalização nacionalista do movimento e pautando-se, muitas vezes, numa concepção materialista da história. Afora isso, esse olhar crítico é mediado pela percepção da forma como matéria a ser analisada, o que pressupõe um parâmetro que, na literatura brasileira, estaria na Semana de Arte Moderna. Este trabalho se propõe a focar duas autoras modernistas não-canônicas: Maria Martins (1890-1973) e Adalgisa Nery (1905-1980). Supõe-se que ambas as autoras passaram incólumes pelo movimento por adotarem uma concepção nietzscheana de tempo, circular. Deuses Malditos I (1965), biografia de Nietzsche escrita por Maria Martins e A imaginária (1959), romance autobiográfico de Adalgisa Nery, são analisados a partir da tese de que a biografia e a autobiografia são máscaras textuais. A máscara é matéria que revela pelo disfarce, que preenche os vazios diversos - a ausência de Maria e de Adalgisa na crítica, as lacunas presentes em ambos os livros e a impossibilidade de representação das autoras pelo texto. Tratar do modernismo por meio de máscaras permite pensá-lo a partir do texto e de um começo, ou de um re-começo, que pode existir ainda hoje. A determinate critical tradition analyses Brazilian modernist works considering the nationalist aspect of this movement. This tradition is based, most of the times, on a materialistic conception of history. Besides that, this critical perspective takes into account the structure as the main aspect to be analyzed in a literary work and considers the authors who took part in the Modern Week, in 1922, as patterns to read others modernist writers and texts. This paper focuses on two modernist non-canonical writers, Maria Martins (1890-1973) and Adalgisa Nery (1905-1980) assuming that they were not suitably considered as part of that literary movement because they have embraced a Nietzschean conception of time, an understanding of history as a cyclical movement. Deuses Malditos I (1965), Nietzsche's biography by Maria Martins and A imaginária (1969), Adalgisa's Nery autobiographical novel, will be analyzed departing from the theses that biography and autobiography are textual masks. Mask is the substance that reveals when hiding, which fills various vacuities - Maria's and Adalgisa's absence in literary criticism, the gaps present in both books and the textual impossibility of representing these writers. To deal with modernism by means of masks also allows to consider the notion of text and to depart from a beginning or from a reopening to think about this movement, what may be possible still nowadays
Fredlanea hovorei Galileo & Martins, 2005, sp. nov.
No full textFredlanea hovorei sp. nov. (Fig. 6) Etimologia. Epíteto em homenagem a Frank T. Hovore a quem devemos a remessa de vultoso material costarriquenho para estudo. Colorido geral laranja-avermelhado recoberto por pubescência alaranjada. Escapo e pedicelo pretos; flagelômeros acastanhados na face dorsal e mais amarelados na face ventral. Metade apical das tíbias e tarsos pretos. Região centro-posterior do metasterno com área preta. Urosternito I preto nos lados e na orla posterior e alaranjados no centro; urosternito II preto com áreas alaranjadas; urosternitos III-V amarelados. Escapo curvo e estreito na base; lado interno do antenômero III com pêlos esparsos. Protórax mais largo do que longo, mais estreito na base do que na região anterior. Metade basal dos lados do pronoto com faixa larga de pubescência amarelada. Carena elitral manifesta, prolongada até próximo à extremidade. Ápice dos élitros emarginados com espinhos nos ângulos sutural e marginal. Dimensões em mm, holótipo macho. Comprimento total, 9,1; comprimento do protórax, 1,5; maior largura do protórax, 1,9; comprimento do élitro, 7,0; largura umeral, 2,3. Material-tipo. Holótipo macho, COSTA RICA, Puntarenas: Z.P. Arenal-Monteverde (Estación Biológica Monteverde, 1600 m), 30.IX-8.X.1999, J. Rodríguez col., L N 255900 447900 # 55352 (INBio). Parátipo macho, Guanacaste: Monteverde, 8-9. V.1989, D.B. Thomas col. (FSCA). O parátipo é um macho mal-formado e difere do holótipo pela face ventral inteiramente alaranjada. Discussão. Fredlanea hovorei difere de todas as espécies com élitros laranja-avermelhados [por exemplo, F. flavipennis (Lane, 1966), F. aequatoria (Bates, 1881), F. maculata Martins & Galileo, 1996] pelo protórax e fêmures laranja-avermelhado. Em todas essas espécies o protórax e os fêmures são pretos.Published as part of Galileo, Maria Helena M. & Martins, Ubirajara R., 2005, Contribuição aos Hemilophini Da Costa Rica (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 103-109 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 45 (10) on pages 105-106, DOI: 10.1590/S0031-10492005001000001, http://zenodo.org/record/490080
Trichohippopsis barbatulus Martins & Galileo, 2013, sp. nov.
No full textTrichohippopsis barbatulus sp. nov. (Fig. 10) Head brown, opistognathous, elongate. Vertex behind the upper ocular lobes, as long as the anterior part from antennal tubercles to posterior margin of the upper ocular lobes. Frons distinctly longer than wide and covered by white, moderately dense pilosity. Vertex with the same kind of pilosity. Upper ocular lobes projected forward and as far apart as the width of a lobe. Antennal tubercles contiguous at base and projected. Lower ocular lobes slightly longer than the genae. Antennae (male) reaching the apex of the elytra about middle of article VII. Scape as long as article III. Pedicel and antennomeres III-XI with long hairs, denser on the inner side. Antennomere III shorter than IV. Prothorax brown, cylindrical, as long as head. Pronotum punctate, with dense pilosity, converging toward middle. Prothorax with similar pilosity and punctuation laterally. Prosternum with denser pilosity. Thoracic sterna brown and densely pubescent. Elytra reddish-brown, entirely covered by white pilosity. Elytral apices obliquely truncate. Femora fusiform, dark-brown, with white pubescence; profemora longer than meso- and metafemora; metafemora reaching the middle of urosternite I. Tibiae and tarsi red. Metatarsomere I longer than II+III and as long as V. Urosternites brown pubescent; pubescence longitudinally denser on middle of segments; punctation of urosternites dense and visible under pilosity. Urosternite V with strong half-moon like depression. Measurements, in mm, holotype male. Total length, 11.6; head length, 1.7; prothorax length, 1.7; greatest width of prothorax, 1.1; elytron length, 8.2; humeral width, 1.6. Type material. Holotype male, ECUADOR, Manabi: La Pila (vicinity, 01º. 1196 S, 80 º. 5806 W, 200 m), 18– 27.II. 2006, F. T. Hovore & I. Swift col. (CASC). Paratype male, same data (CASC). Etymology. Latin, barbatus = having a beard, bearded; alluding to the pilosity of the antennae. Discussion. The genus Trichohippopsis Breuning, 1958 is restricted to South America and contains five species: T. exilis Galileo & Martins, 2006; T. magna Martins & Carvalho, 1983; T. rufula Breuning, 1958; T. suturalis Martins & Carvalho, 1983 and T. unicolor Galileo & Martins, 2007. Trichohippopsis barbatulus sp. nov. differs from other species by the very large head, as long as prothorax, by the upper ocular lobes projecting forward, and by the large depression on urosternite V. From T. unicolor, described from Brazil (Amazonas), it is distinguished by the evenly distributed elytral punctation and pilosity. In T. unicolor, elytra are strongly and densely punctate with a lateral area, from middle to distal fourth, microsculptured, with sparse punctures, and denser pilosity.Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R. & Galileo, Maria Helena M., 2013, New species and records of Cerambycinae and Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Neotropical Region, pp. 571-580 in Zootaxa 3683 (5) on page 579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3683.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/21812
Analysis of rotation curves in the framework of Rn gravity
No full textWe present an analysis of a devised sample of rotation curves (RCs), with the aim of checking the consequences of a modified f(R) gravity on galactic scales. Originally motivated by the mystery of dark energy, this theory may explain the observed non-Keplerian profiles of galactic RCs in terms of a breakdown of Einstein general relativity. We show that, in general, the power-law f(R) version could fit the observations well, with reasonable values for the mass model parameters. This could encourage further investigation into Rn gravity from both observational and theoretical points of view. © 2007 RAS
Ischnocnema vizottoi Martins & Haddad, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textIschnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4) Holotype. CFBH 8222, adult male, collected at Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão (22 ° 39`50 ``S, 45 ° 27`03`` W, 1540 m elevation), Municipality of Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil, on 17–21 December 2004 by I. A. Martins, A. F. L. Leite, and F. B. R. Gomes. Paratopotypes. CFBH 8205 –08, 8210 –21, 16 adult males, and CFBH 8209, adult female, collected with the holotype. CCLZU / IAM 2151, adult male collected by I. A. Martins, F. B. R. Gomes, and A. F. B. Junqueira, on 3 March 2005. CCLZU / IAM 2161, adult male collected by I. A. Martins, F. B. R. Gomes, and T. L. P. C. Perroni, on 8 April 2005. CCLZU / IAM 2149, 2159, two adult females, and CCLZU / IAM 2158, 2160, two adult males, collected by C. F. B. Haddad, I. A. Martins, and F. B. R. Gomes, on 11–14 November 2005. CCLZU / IAM 2148, 2150, two adult females, and CCLZU / IAM 2152 – 57, six adult males collected on 21–23 December 2005 by I. A. Martins, F. B. R. Gomes, and A. F. B. Junqueira. Diagnosis. A member of the Ischnocnema lactea Species Series. It differs from other members of the Species Series by the following combination of traits: (1) diminutive size (males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL) (Table 1); (2) iris yellow in live specimens; (3) snout sub-elliptical in dorsal view and acuminate-rounded in lateral view; (4) vocal sac expanded externally; (5) tympanic membrane differentiated; (6) skin texture granular on the flanks and venter; (7) adhesive disks rounded; (8) calcar appendage absent or small; (9) external face of the thigh with a light line in the central area or irregular light blotches; (10) notes of the advertisement call with two harmonics; (11) note duration 38–72 ms; (12) mean dominant frequency of the advertisement call 3611 ± 103 Hz (3417–3763 Hz). TABLE 1. Measurements of Ischnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. (holotype and paratopotypes). Mean (x), standard deviation (SD), and range (in millimeters) for males and females. Comparison with other species. The new species differs from Ischnocnema sambaqui by its smaller size (I. vizottoi sp. nov. males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL; I. sambaqui males 32.3 –40.0 mm SVL), finger adhesive disks rounded (T-shape in I. sambaqui), narrower head, and higher dominant frequency of advertisement call (I. vizottoi sp. nov. 3417–3763 Hz, I. sambaqui 1800–2050 Hz; Castanho & Haddad, 2000). The new species differs from Ischnocnema manezinho by its smaller size (I. vizottoi sp. nov. males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL; I. manezinho males 22.7–28.1 mm SVL and females 29.8–34.8 mm SVL; Garcia, 1996), and finger adhesive disks rounded (T-shaped in I. manezinho). The new species differs from Ischnocnema bolbodactyla by its smoother dorsal skin, shorter snout, adhesive disks less developed, absence of bright coloration on the inguinal region (inguinal region bright orange in I. bolbodactyla), and advertisement call formed by a single note (formed by series of 3–4 notes in I. bolbodactyla). The new species differs from Ischnocnema lactea by its smaller size (I. vizottoi sp. nov. males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL; I. lactea female lectotype 32mm SVL) and finger adhesive disks rounded (T-shaped in I. lactea). The new species differs from Ischnocnema holti by its smaller size (I. vizottoi sp. nov. males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL; I. holti 19 mm SVL; Cochran, 1955; male mean SVL 21.2 mm and female SVL 25.6mm; Targino & Carvalho-e-Silva, 2008) and snout outline sub-elliptical from above and acuminate-rounded in profile (snout in dorsal and lateral views rounded in I. holti). The new species differs from Ischnocnema concolor by its smaller size (I. vizottoi sp. nov. males 13.3–16.6 mm SVL and females 18.4–22.1 mm SVL; I. concolor males 15.0– 18.4mm SVL; Targino et al., 2009), by a light line or irregular light blotches on the external face of the central area of the thigh (I. concolor lacks a light line or irregular light blotches in the central area of the thigh; Targino et al., 2009), and advertisement call traits [the notes in the advertisement call of I. vizottoi have two harmonics; minimum and maximum fundamental frequency (H 1) of 2780–3555 Hz, 3634–4097 Hz, respectively; the notes in the advertisement call of I. concolor have three harmonics; minimum and maximum fundamental frequency (H 1) of 2616–2989 Hz, 3150–3470 Hz, respectively; Martins, I.A. unpublished data]. The new species differs from Ischnocnema melanopygia by the smaller or absent calcar appendage (calcar appendage well developed in I. melanopygia; Targino et al., 2009) and by the absence of a black stripe on the perianal region, posterior area of tarsus, and feet (black stripe present in I. melanopygia; Targino et al., 2009). Description of the holotype. Body robust (Figure 1); snout sub-elliptical in dorsal view (Figure 2 A) and acuminate-rounded in lateral view (Figure 2 B); nostrils protuberant, directed laterally; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region concave; eye large, protruding; tympanum distinct, large, diameter about 1 / 2 of eye diameter; small supratympanic fold extending from the back of the eye to near the arm insertion; vocal sac single, externally expanded; vocal slits present; tongue large, shallowly notched posteriorly; vomerine teeth in two small, oblique, and narrowly separated series of approximately 10 teeth each, between and behind choanae; choanae small, slightly rounded. Forearm moderately robust, arm slender; fingers long; thumb without nuptial pad; subarticular tubercles single, round; outer metacarpal tubercle cordiform, inner metacarpal tubercle elliptical; supernumerary tubercles on the palmar region (Figure 2 C); finger lengths I<II<IV<III; disk on the tip of 1 st finger not well developed; disks on the tips of 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th fingers nearly rounded and large. Ungual flaps on the disks indented. Legs slender; foot with an elliptical inner metatarsal tubercle and a round outer metatarsal tubercle; subarticular tubercles single, round; toe disks nearly elliptical; toe lengths I<II<III=V<IV (Figure 2 D); heel with a small tubercle. Slightly rugose to rugose dorsal skin texture; scattered tubercles on dorsum and flanks; two large tubercles near the mandible articulation; one large tubercle on the shoulder; undersurfaces smooth; slightly rugose near the venter and on the ventral surfaces of the thighs. Color of the holotype in preservative. Dorsal surfaces brown. Vocal sac white with black punctuations. Inter-orbital mark dark brown. Elbow dark brown; dark brown marks on the forearms. Irregular light blotches on the external surface of the thigh. Two dark brown blotches on the sacrum region (Figure 1). Measurements of the holotype. SVL 14.50; HL 5.23; HW 5.00; ED 1.71; IOD 1.9; END 1.23; NSD 0.95; IND 1.33; TD 0.85; FL 6.75; TL 6.93; FOL 6.74; 3 FD 0.55; 4 TD 0.55. Color in life. The specimens of Ischnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. present wide variation of dorsal coloration (Figure 3). Dorsal coloration of different specimens can be green, red, black, brown, and light gray (Figure 3). A longitudinal light line extending from the snout to the vent is present in several specimens. A white or beige inter-orbital stripe is almost always visible, with a dark stripe behind the light inter-orbital stripe. Two dark blotches can be present in the middle of dorsum in some individuals. The external face of the thigh presents a light line in the central area or irregular light blotches. The subgular region may be lightly to very dark pigmented. In several specimens it is possible to see a light ventral line, from the anterior border of the chin to the chest. The ventral regions of the thigh and tibia present light spots with dark borders. Variation. Measurements of 27 males and five females are given in Table 1. The head is generally wider than long, but in some specimens it is longer than wide. The tympanum is distinct in the majority of the specimens. The vocal sac may be well expanded externally or indistinct. The calcar appendage may be smaller or absent. A light to dark stripe is generally present in the inter-orbital region. A light vertebral line is present in the majority of the specimens (Figures 3 and 4). The external face of the thigh may show a light line in the central area or irregular light blotches. Vocalization. The advertisement call of Ischnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. is composed of simple notes, with a fairly irregular rhythm and varied intervals (Figure 5). The average duration of the note is 52.7 ± 10.2 ms (38–72 ms), with a mean repetition rate of 9.5 ± 2.2 notes per minute. The advertisement call of Ischnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. has notes with two harmonics (Figure 5 B, D). The advertisement call has sharply rising frequencies at the beginning and sharply falling frequencies at the end (Figure 5). Most of the energy of these notes is concentrated in the first harmonic (fundamental frequency = H 1; Figure 5 E). The mean frequencies of the first harmonic (H 1) minimum frequencies is between 3204 ± 158 (amplitude 2780–3555 Hz) and maximum frequencies 3837 ± 95 Hz (amplitude 3634–4097 Hz), with most energy concentrated around 3611 ± 103 Hz (amplitude 3417–3763 Hz). The second harmonic (H 2) has minimum and maximum mean frequencies between 6967 ± 207 (amplitude 6585–7317 HZ), 7379 ± 119 Hz (amplitude 7146–7618 Hz) respectively, and most energy of the second harmonic is concentrated around 6996 ± 212 Hz (Figure 5). Distribution. The new species has been found in Serra da Mantiqueira at the localities of Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, Municipality of Campos do Jordão, São Paulo State, (type locality); Lavrinhas farm, Municipality of Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo State; Municipality of São Bento do Sapucaí, São Paulo State; Monte Verde, Municipality of Camanducaia, Minas Gerais State; and Serra do Mar, at Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, Municipality of São José do Barreiro, São Paulo State. All the localities are in the Atlantic forest, above 1300 elevation (Figure 6). Etymology. The specific name honors Dr. Luiz Dino Vizotto, for his pioneer studies of Brazilian anurans and for his contribution to the knowledge of the Brazilian vertebrate fauna. Natural history. Ischnocnema vizottoi sp. nov. was observed in places of high altitude, from 1300 to 2100 m above sea level, inside forests, forest edges, and open fields. Males vocalize on the forest floor or perched 10 to 80 cm from the ground. The distance among neighboring males varied from 0.5 to 8 m. The calling season is from September to April; however, the vocalization was most intense from October to January, when gravid females were observed. Three analyzed females had from 10 to 18 oocytes with mean diameter of 2.45 ± 0.15 mm (N = 27). Oocytes in different developmental stages suggest that females may lay more than one clutch per season. Remarks. The Atlantic forest is the biome with the greatest endemism in species of anurans in the world, at the same time having high diversity of species and of phylogenetic groups (Duellman, 1999, Frost et al., 2006). This high diversity and endemism can be explained by the physical environment, a reflex of the complex geomorphologic, climatic, and phytogeographic characteristics of this formation. However, the species diversity of anurans in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil is still poorly known, particularly in places with more than 1000 m of altitude (Rossa-Feres et al., 2008). The number of species in the genus Ischnocnema will probably increase in the next years, considering the recent descriptions of new species (Giaretta et al., 2007; Targino et al., 2009) and mainly the large number of unnamed species that can be found in the shelves of Brazilian collections (personal observations). The use of molecular information and vocalizations, allied to morphological studies, will increase our comprehension on the evolution of this genus and certainly uncover a great diversity of cryptic species.Published as part of Martins, Itamar A. & Haddad, Célio F. B., 2010, A new species of Ischnocnema from highlands of the Atlantic Forest, Southeastern Brazil (Terrarana, Brachycephalidae), pp. 55-65 in Zootaxa 2617 on pages 56-64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19795
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