1,721,097 research outputs found
Is There Anything New in Canine AGASACA?
No full textApocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) is a locally invasive tumor with a high potential for early metastasis. The most recent studies indicate that 23.4–83% of dogs have metastases to the iliosacral lymph nodes (LNs), and 2.1–31% have distant metastases to other organs at the time of first presentation. Usually, only one anal sac is affected, but bilateral involvement has been reported in 4–20% of dogs. About 16–53% of dogs present with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia. The most recent studies show an overall improvement in median survival time (MST) (15–28 months) for dogs with different stages of AGASACA treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy compared to those treated with chemotherapy alone (6.9 to 8.7 months). The highest MST (22–32 months) was reported when radiation therapy (RT) was selected as a sole or adjunctive treatment. Several studies have been published to identify the subset of tumors with more aggressive behavior and higher metastatic potential. The main negative prognostic factors are the size of the primary tumor, metastatic regional lymphadenopathy at first presentation, the size and the number of the metastatic lymph nodes, distant metastases at the time of diagnosis, and the histological characteristics of the primary tumor. In this critical review, the latest advancements in histological diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis of AGASACA are described. The aim is to provide a full overview of this neoplasm, focusing on the latest advancements on prognostic variables and treatments
Canine oral fibrosarcoma: Changes in prognosis over the last 30 years?
Full text linkCanine oral fibrosarcoma (oFSA) is a malignant, infiltrating, mesenchymal tumour affecting the oral cavity primarily of medium to large middle aged dogs. The diagnosis often is made late in the course of the disease, due to the frequent caudal location of the tumour, and histopathology is not always sufficient to discriminate undifferentiated oFSA from other poorly differentiated malignant mesenchymal tumours occurring at the same site, especially in small biopsy samples. The literature exclusively relating to oFSA is limited and outcome data following treatment are difficult to compare. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the literature spanning the last 30 years, specifically with regard to different treatment modalities in their relation to prognosis of canine oFSA. Overall, the survival rate for dogs with oFSA has improved in recent years (overall survival 247–743 days, compared to 30–540 days in papers published before 2000), probably due to better surgical planning. The major concern in clinical management of canine oFSA is the high local rate of recurrence (up to 57%), whereas metastasis occurs late in about 10–14% of affected dogs. Wide surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. Initially, the tumour was considered to be radioresistant, but a combination of surgery and radiotherapy seems to be the most promising treatment modality at present. Despite a histopathological diagnosis of a low-grade tumour, an aggressive treatment approach is always warranted to cure oFSA, but the ability to control local disease still represents the major challenge
An unusual gastric hernia through the chest wall in a dog after a wild boar attack
No full textA 3-year-old, entire, female Segugio Maremmano was presented with an unusual pro-trusion of the stomach through the left thoracic wall due to a 12th rib fracture anddiaphragmatic and skin lacerations following a wild boar attack. Due to rapid changesin vital parameters and gastric incarceration, a thoracic and abdominal-focused ultra-sonographic assessment was performed, and the dog was placed under anaesthesia. Anemergency exploratory coeliotomy revealed diaphragmatic herniation involving part ofthe omentum, the head of the spleen and the stomach into the thoracic cavity, with thestomach protruding through the thoracic wall. A subsequent thoracotomy ruled outpulmonary damage. The dog recovered uneventfully. This is the first reported case ofgastric protrusion through the left thoracic wall after a wild boar attack. This articlehighlights the value of thoracic and abdominal-focused sonography in critical cases andthe importance of prompt surgical treatmen
Proteasomes are not a target for doxorubicin in feline injection-site sarcoma
Full text linkThe potent anti-cancer agent doxorubicin (DOX) induces apoptosis of rapidly proliferating cells by inhibiting
cellular proteasomes. The aim of the present study was to determine whether DOX modulates the level of expression
and function of proteasomes in feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS). Tissue extracts from primary sarcoma
lesions and the related healthy subcutis of 18 cats affected by FISS were investigated. Nine of these cats
had received neoadjuvantDOXtreatment and nine cats did not receive this therapy. There was enhanced proteasome
expression in FISS, but this was not affected by administration of DOX. This finding may account for
the low clinical effectiveness of DOX therapy in FISS and provides the rationale for developing new therapeutic
protocols aimed at achieving better proteasomal inhibition in FISS and other tumours that respond poorly
to DOX therap
Reducion of STAT3 expression in preoperatively doxorubicin treated feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS)
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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