1,721,012 research outputs found
Farmacoterapia dell'asma bronchiale
No full textPrincipali aspetti dei farmaci antiasmatici, dal meccanismo d'azione molecolare al razionale d'impiego clinico, si propone di offrire al medio specialista ed all'internista di base un utile strumento di consultazione ed aggiornamento
Apporti delle metodiche di analisi multidimensionale alla valutazione statistica dei dati della funzione respiratoria
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Interesse dello studio delle relazioni Gaw/Pst e Vemx/Pst nella qualificazione funzionale della ostruzione bronchiale.
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Aspetti fisiopatologici nelle Granulomatosi e nelle Fibrosi Polmonari Interstiziali Diffuse
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Alpha-Interferon And Its Effects On Signal Transduction Pathways
No full textInterferon-alpha (IFNa) is a recombinant protein widely used in the therapy of several neoplasms such as myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, epidermoid cervical and head and neck tumors, and melanoma. IFNa, the first cytokine to be produced by recombinant DNA technology, has emerged as an important regulator of cancer cell growth and differentiation, affecting cellular communication and signal
transduction pathways. However, the way by which tumor cell growth is directly suppressed by IFNa is not well known. Wide evidence exists on the possibility that cancer cells undergo apoptosis after the exposure to the cytokine. Here we will review the consolidate signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-dependent mechanism of action of IFNa.We will discuss data obtained by us and others on the triggering of the stress-dependent kinase pathway induced by IFNa
and its correlations with the apoptotic process. The regulation of the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis occurrence will be also described. In this regard, IFNa is emerging as a post-translational controller of the intracellular levels of the
apoptosis-related protein tissue transglutaminase (tTG). This new way of regulation of tTG occurs through the modulation of their proteasome-dependent degradation induced by the cytokine. Until today, inconsistent data have been obtained regarding the clinical effectiveness of IFNa in the therapy of solid tumors. In fact, the
benefit of IFNa treatment is limited to some neoplasms while others are completely or partially resistant. The mechanisms of tumor resistance to IFNa have been studied in vitro. The alteration of JAK-STAT components of the IFNa-induced signaling, can be indeed a mechanism of resistance to IFN. However, we have recently described a reactive mechanism of protection of tumor cells from the apoptosis induced by IFNa dependent on the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-
mediated Ras/extracellular signal regulated kinase (Erk) signaling. The involvement of the Ras/Erk pathway in the protection of tumor cells from the apoptosis induced by IFNa is further demonstrated by both Ras inactivation by RASN17 transfection and mitogen extra-cellular signal regulated kinase 1 (Mek-1) inhibition by exposure
to PD098059. These data strongly suggest that the specific disruption of the latter could be a useful approach to potentiate the antitumour activity of IFNa against human tumors based on the new mechanistic insights achieved in the last years
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