1,721,069 research outputs found
Rheumatoid arthritis and thrombosis
No full textOBJECTIVE:To review prevalence, risk factors and mechanisms of thrombosis in rheumatoid
arthritis (RA). METHODS: Available medical literature on PubMed was reviewed and
relevant information summarized. RESULTS:Patients affected by RA present an increased
risk of thromboembolism, an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Research is focused
on the role of disease-associated risk factors and predisposing conditions such as endothelial
dysfunction, hypercoagulability, pro-thrombotic conditions, inflammatory markers,
immobility and complications following major knee or hip replacement.
CONCLUSION:Thrombosis is a possible manifestation in RA patients. A number of factors
are suspected to play a role in the increased thromboembolic risk. The mechanisms
responsible for thrombosis in these patients remain unclear, however, the identification of the
thrombophilic risk factors is clinically useful to determine in which patients occurrence is
more likely
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pulp canal obliteration after extrusive and lateral luxation in young permanent teeth: A scoping review
Full text linkAIM: In the literature, no single therapeutic approach is preferred for treating dental pulp responses such as pulp canal obliteration (PCO). Some authors still recommend preventive endodontic treatment, whereas others choose not to intervene, to avoid causing possible iatrogenic complications. This review was conducted to explore, in the current scientific literature, the degree of knowledge concerning the onset and development of PCO and pulp necrosis (PN) following dental trauma (i.e. extrusive luxation and lateral luxation) in children and young adults (6-20 years). The authors also evaluated whether and to what extent the stage of dental root development at the time of traumatic dental injury (TDI) influences these pulp responses, and whether PN can arise in teeth already affected by PCO. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature search was carried out during the period October 2019 to January 2020, using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Web of Science. Articles in English reporting on young patients with PCO or PN in permanent teeth affected by trauma were included. Theresearch, whose questions were summarised according to the PICO method, considered the following aspects: patient age, type of TDI, stage of root development, initial treatment, presence of calcification or necrosis, time to onset of the two outcomes (PCO and PN), and duration of follow-up. The articles found were evaluated by two reviewers; in the event of disagreement regarding the inclusion of an article, a third reviewer was called upon to decide. RESULTS: The initial screening of the databases, using the selected search keywords, yielded a total of 343 articles. After exclusion of duplicates and articles not meeting the inclusion criteria, 11 articles remained. Of these, only four completely met the inclusion criteria. Closer analysis of these four publications revealed that they would not easily yield standardised sets of clinical data that might be homogenised in order to produce clear meta-analytical data. Hence the need to limit the data collected to the following seven items: number and type of injuries, type of initial intervention, duration of follow-up, main pulp responses, number and type of pulp responses. CONCLUSIONS: PCO is a physiological pulp response associated with a traumatic event, usually a luxation injury. It is diagnosed on the basis of combined radiographic and clinical-anamnesticdata. Signs of PCO start to appear at around one year after the traumatic event, and its development reaches completion by about five years post-trauma. PN, on the other hand, is clearly apparent within the first year. Endodontic treatment, be it carried out as a preventive measure or following detection of PCO, is inappropriate and can cause serious iatrogenic damage. Treatment is indicated only in cases of definite PN
Thyroid disorders and hypocoagulability
No full textThis review focuses attention on some practical aspects of the relationship between thyroid disorders and hypocoagulability, as related to an impairment of hemostasis and fibrinolysis. An understanding of this topic in daily clinical practice is important given that the interaction between hemostatic abnormalities and thyroid disorders is still poorly recognized by the medical community. Even if the bleeding tendency is in general mild and may be reversed by restoration of an euthyroid state, severe hemorrhagic events may complicate the course of both hyper- and hypothyroidism, as precipitated by such conditions as thrombocytopenia, acquired von Willebrand syndrome, and acquired hemophilia. The pathogenesis of the hemostatic abnormalities resides in either the direct effect of thyroid hormones or some conditions in an autoimmune mechanism. Physicians and endocrinologists should pay close attention to both clinical hemorrhagic events in their patients as well as to any laboratory abn..
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