1,506 research outputs found

    Pietro Verri’s Contribution to the Economic Theory of the 18th Century: Commercial Society, Civil Society and Governance of the Economy

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    'Count Pietro Verri (1728-97) - Schumpeter writes (History, p. 178) - - would have to be included in any list of the greatest economists'. Within the Milanese school, he certainly stands out, alongside with Cesare Beccaria, during one of the most interesting periods from a history of analysis point of view. Luigi Cossa's famous introduction to the study of political economy rates Pietro Verri to be inferior to Beccaria in ingenuity and scientific cultivation, but greatly to be ahead of him as an economist.1 This judgement by Cossa, in particular, seems to echo the relative position of the two men in the history of ideas, particularly after Beccaria's rise to fame with a book - On crimes and punishments - which had in fact been largely inspired by Verri himself and defended by him.2 It is proposed in the present paper to revisit some of the basic tenets of Pietro Verri's political economy, with more in view than dwell on specific intuitions and theorems: namely relate those to Verri's own - quite original - conception of the economy. The scholarly work of Pietro Verri - with a special reference to his Meditazioni sulla economia politica of 1771 - provides the first systematic contribution stemming from the quarters of Lombard enlightenment in the field of political economy, especially so if one considers that Cesare Beccaria's parallel work - namely his Elementi di economia pubblica, conceived and drafted at the same time as Verri's Meditazioni - would only be published posthumously several years later. From the vantage point afforded by Verri's political economy, we gain a considerably attractive view of the most significant elements and characteristic concepts of Lombard enlightenment during the latter half of the 18th century; Verri, moreover, as we shall see, builds on a number of them in a new and original way. This paper is aimed at discussing Verri's political economy mainly along two distinct, but related, lines. In the first place the conception of commercial society is considered such as it is treated by the author particularly in his Meditazioni. In this perspective the analysis of such issues as competition and the market or money and taxation occupy a central place. Secondly it will be necessary to emphasise that Verri's approach has little to do either with forms of pure economics on one side - largely yet to be born throughout the 18th century - or, on the other side, with such conceptions of the polis - contrariwise well alive among his own contemporaries - as are founded on a sovereign authority conceived to be situated above the law. What Verri's political economy ultimately amounts to is an economic conception of civil society. The latter has natural strong connections with his own fact-mindedness - emphasised by Schumpeter - as well as with his deep practical involvement in administrative affairs and in the reforming process taking place during the latter half of the 18th century in Milan. In our view, a thorough investigation along the mentioned lines is the precondition for an understanding of the intellectual stature and of the scholarly contribution of Pietro Verri. His main ground is distinctly analytical and only by appreciating his analysis is it possible to shed light on the meaning and intellectual significance also of his practical contributions. Moreover Verri's pronouncements on the criticism of despotic government, the relevance of intermediate powers or bodies and on multiple levels of governance will be examined in a new and original light, showing how close they are to the gist of his analysis.

    About twin primes and distribution of primes

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    This paper give us a demonstration of twin primes conjecture using approximation of function �(iupsilon) that we introduce in section 6. Section 1-5 give us introduction to terminology and a clarification on (iupsilon) terms. In particular section 5 is really important because of its Lemma. Section 7 reassume foregoing explanations and it give us two theorems and one corollary;the theorem 7.2 give us exact approximation of twin primes counting function

    Anonymus, Rezension von: Pietro Santi Bartoli, "Colonna Traiana, eretta dal Senato e Popolo Romano all'Imperatore Traiano Augusto nel suo foro in Roma. Scolpita con l'historie della guerradacica, la prima e la seconda espeditione, e vittoria contro il re Decebalo. Nuovamente disegnata et intagliata da Pietro Santi Bartoli con l'espositione latina d'Alfonso Ciaccone, compendiata nella vulgare lingua sotto ciascuna immagine. Accresciuta di medaglie, inscrittioni e trofei da Gio. Pietro Bellori" (Roma [1672]), in: Giornale de’ letterati, 27. Februar 1673, pp. 13-21 (FONTES 14)

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    TEN CONTEMPORARY REVIEWS OF BOOKS ON ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY BY GIOVAN PIETRO BELLORI IN THE GIORNALE DE’ LETTERATI, 1670-1680, NO. 2 A review of Pietro Santi Bartoli’s album of engravings after the spiral relief band of Trajan’s column in Rome, which includes Giovan Pietro Bellori’s translation of Alfons Chacon’s explications of the reliefs, first published in 1576. Chacon’s commentary was amended and corrected by Bellori at very many points. Engravings of relevant coins and inscriptions were added to the work. During the decade 1670-1680 ten reviews of books by Giovan Pietro Bellori that had appeared in the same years (1669-1680) were published in the Giornale de' letterati in Rome. These include Bellori's famous book of late sixteenth-seventeenth-century artists' 'Lives' (Vite de' pittori) as well as a number of significant archaeological publications treating numismatics, glyptics, sculpture, painting and Roman topography. Reviews and articles appeared in the Giornale unsigned, thus their author or authors cannot be determined with certainty. The discussions of Bellori's works are lengthy and penetrating; they underline the remarkable position he had attained in the world of seventeenth-century archaeological scholarship. The ten reviews will appear in separate instalments of FONTES (Bellori, 1-10)

    Il sangue e l’oro. Venere gelosa come dramatis persona nelle Metamorfosi di Apuleio

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    The Venus that the reader meets in the Metamorphoses is the blending of several epic and drama characters who share a series of negative founding emotions: among others, jealousy. This work will examine these theatrical figures and the kind of jealousy – that of a goddess, of a woman, or a mother – that the author highlights each time. Furthermore, partly by analyzing the schemes of literary allusion, the paper will dwell upon the topic of repressed identity and upon the wounds that jealousy can cause within a character. Actually, among all the others, it is specifically this emotion that enables Apuleius to bring modernity and innovation into the myth of Aphrodite

    Pietro Mascagni (19 janvier 1892)

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    Transcript of PIETRO MASCAGNI by anonymous author, appearing in LE PETIT JOURNAL, 19 janvier 1892

    La chiesa e il monastero di San Pietro in Montorio. Architettura e storia

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    Nonostante l’interesse storico architettonico, il monastero di San Pietro in Montorio non è stato oggetto di approfondimenti monografici. Sulla base del confronto tra le fonti documentarie, il rilievo attuale, l’osservazione diretta e alcuni sondaggi appositamente eseguiti con impiego di nuove tecnologie, l’autrice ricostruisce la consistenza del monastero e della chiesa rinnovati da Amedeo Menez de Silva (1472-1482) e ne considera gli sviluppi sino a oggi, con particolare attenzione alla realizzazione dei due chiostri.Despite its architectural appeal, no monographic study has been devoted to the monastery of San Pietro in Montorio. By comparing documented sources with present-day surveys of the building, direct observation data and probes conducted with modern technologies, the author retraces the configuration of both monastery and church the time they were restored by Amedeo Menez de Silva (1472-1482) and examines its further development to date, focusing in particular on the construction of the two cloisters

    Flying over the Earth. Eugenio Turri and aerial photography

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    openL'elaborato tratta del geografo e fotografo veronese Eugenio Turri e del suo rapporto con la fotogafia aerea. Partendo da una breve storia della fotografia aerea e dei suoi usi in campo scientifico e non, si giungerà in seguito alla figura di Turri, delineandone in primo luogo il profilo, per poi concentrare l'attenzione sullo studio compiuto sul territorio attraverso la visione dall'alto. Lo studio sarà impreziosito da una serie di alcune fotografie aeree selezionate, con relative schede, dall'Archivio Eugenio Turri, sulle cui versioni digitali il Museo di Geografia dell'Università di Padova ha i diritti

    Pietro (il Grande e il Piccolo)

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    Un fotomontaggio dell'autore, che sostituisce il lanternino della cupola michelangiolesca della basilica di San Pietro con il tempietto di San Pietro in Montorio di Bramante, è il pretesto per alcune considerazioni sul significato e il valore della scala e della proporzione nell'architettura classica.A photomontage by the author, replacing the lantern of Michelangelo's dome of St. Peter's basilica with the temple of San Pietro in Montorio by Bramante, is the pretext for some considerations about the meaning and value of scale and proportion in classical architecture

    Dependencies, relations of power and interests in the context of international relations surrounding the Palestinian Authority

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    reservedNel contesto del conflitto israelo-palestinese, questo lavoro punta a comprendere le ragioni esterne che hanno permesso a Israele di portare avanti politiche intente all’indebolimento dell’Autorità Palestinese (AP), a partire dal 7 Ottobre 2023 fino all’80° sessione Assemblea Generale dell’ONU a fine Settembre del 2025. Il cuore dell'analisi si sviluppa a partire dall'inasprimento delle politiche israeliane contro l’AP e dal conseguente aumento dell'instabilità regionale successivo al 7 Ottobre, per comprendere se i rapporti di potere, gli interessi e il contesto internazionale abbiano avuto un ruolo nella politica estera degli attori considerati, i quali sono anche stati i più importanti sostenitori dell’AP, cioè gli USA, l’UE e il CCG. In questo lavoro si fa uso di un approccio storico e qualitativo per comprendere, con una revisione della letteratura, gli effetti storici delle politiche israeliane sull’AP e la comprensione delle politiche estere e gli interessi dei tre attori, con tre casi studio separati. Infine, si fa uso di una lente neo-realista e intergovernativa per valutare le loro scelte a partire dal 7 Ottobre, ponendo enfasi sul ruolo dei rapporti di dipendenza e del contesto internazionale. Si argomenta che, nonostante l'inasprimento del conflitto minacci gli interessi di stabilità di tutti gli attori considerati, nessuno di essi ha promosso politiche effettive contro Israele. Si sottolinea come questo sia riconducibile al profondo rapporto di dipendenza storica che lega il CCG e l'UE agli USA, un legame che ha retto anche alla recente messa in pericolo di interessi chiave di questi attori. In particolare, si sottolinea che il rafforzamento dei rapporti di dipendenza tra questi attori verificatosi alcuni anni prima del 7 Ottobre, abbia fatto in modo che questa posizione resistesse ai recenti eventi per lungo tempo. Allo stesso modo, gli USA hanno continuato a proteggere e a permettere le azioni di Israele, a causa dei propri interessi di politica estera e delle necessità dettate dal contesto internazionale, le quali si sono fatte più pressanti negli ultimi anni. Nel complesso, si evidenzia come fattori esterni abbiano sostanzialmente influito sulle politiche estere di questi tre attori portando a trascurare il fine dell’AP e della questione palestinese a partire dal 7 Ottobre
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