100 research outputs found
Comparison of perceptions of nursing students and nurse educators regarding characteristics of effective clinical nurse educators
No full textClinical experiences are important in the application of knowledge and skills for nursing students. Professional and personal characteristics of faculty may impact learning experiences of students in clinical settings (Nehring, 1990). The purpose of this descriptive comparative study is to examine perceptions of nursing students and clinical educators regarding the characteristics of effective clinical nursing faculty. Drevdahl, Stackman, Purdy, and Louie's (2002) conceptual model for reflective self-study is the framework for the study. The sample will include both full and part time clinical faculty (n=50) and practical nursing students (n=100) from seven community colleges in one midwestern state. The study will be approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ball State University and the administration of the seven community colleges. The Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI) questionnaire will measure the importance of selected faculty characteristics. Findings can provide information for the professional growth of educators and increase the quality of clinical instruction.Thesis (M.S.)School of Nursin
Nauczanie języka polskiego na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim w czasach Władysława Nehringa
No full textTeaching of Polish at the University of Wrocław in Władysław Nehring’s timesThe article examines the teaching of the Polish language at the University of Wrocław in the second half of the 19th century, when the Department of Slavic Literatures and Languages was chaired by Władysław Nehring. The author lists and briefly describes language teachers working there at the time Jan Mikołaj Fritz, Wincenty Kraiński, Rafał Löwenfeld and Rudolf Abicht as well as the conditions in which they worked. She also presents language textbooks used at the university, pointing to their characteristic features and interesting methodological solutions. The textbooks included J. Popliński’s Grammatik der polnischen Sprache nach Kopczyński, Cassius, Bandtke und Mroziński, several editions of which were published. Two editions were by Władysław Nehring, who incorporated into them more recent developments in 19th-century linguistics. Under Nehring’s leadership the teaching of Polish developed, though it was constantly plagued by staff- and funding-related problems.Teaching of Polish at the University of Wrocław in Władysław Nehring’s timesThe article examines the teaching of the Polish language at the University of Wrocław in the second half of the 19th century, when the Department of Slavic Literatures and Languages was chaired by Władysław Nehring. The author lists and briefly describes language teachers working there at the time Jan Mikołaj Fritz, Wincenty Kraiński, Rafał Löwenfeld and Rudolf Abicht as well as the conditions in which they worked. She also presents language textbooks used at the university, pointing to their characteristic features and interesting methodological solutions. The textbooks included J. Popliński’s Grammatik der polnischen Sprache nach Kopczyński, Cassius, Bandtke und Mroziński, several editions of which were published. Two editions were by Władysław Nehring, who incorporated into them more recent developments in 19th-century linguistics. Under Nehring’s leadership the teaching of Polish developed, though it was constantly plagued by staff- and funding-related problems
Thomas Mann: Ästhetizismus und die Denkstruktur des Einerseits-Andererseits – mit Bezug auf «Wälsungenblut»
No full textThomas Mann is an author without a fixed point of view. When he discusses a problem he tends to opt for an «on the one hand – on the other hand». His novella Wälsungenblut is the epitome of aestheticism. How is this aestheticism portrayed? For once the author appears to be unfaithful to his typical way of thinking and to give way to satire. One of the most interesting aspects is how Richard Wagner’s Walküre is included in this argument
Prince Eugene and Maria Theresa: Gender, History, and Memory in Hofmannsthal in the First World War
No full textHugo von Hofmannsthal was one of the Austrian poets and intellectuals who took an active part in the historical-political events of 1914. He expected from the war a new vitality of public life and an end of the cultural crisis. In his early years he had advocated closer bonds between poesy and life. Now he encountered a situation that gave him the chance to strengthen his ties with reality. He worried about the existence of Austria, in which he was rooted, and tried to conjure up the Hapsburg spirit of the past for his contemporaries and to explain Austria's national history and right to exist to a large public. My study discusses his essay on Prince Eugene and Maria Theresa in the context of collective memory (or cultural memory) and propaganda. Is there really a collective memory? Was there a collective memory, in which the great commander and the empress lived on, or did the author wish to create this memory from history? Should his essays be considered war propaganda? Self-assertion of Austria opposite the German ally appeared almost equally important. The change in emphasis from Prince Eugene as the greatest Austrian to the peace-loving empress mirrors the events of the war. Both contribute to an Austrian anthropology, which for the author lived on beyond the end of the Empire
Trzy rozprawy Władysława Nehringa o Janie Kochanowskim
No full textThree studies of Władysław Nehring's on Jan KochanowskiThe subject of the article is texts of Władysław Nehring devoted to Jan Kochanowski's work and biography. The author has selected three works out of Nehring's achievements. Each of them represents a different form of scientific expression: an interpretative essay, a commented text edition and a monography, all of which combine the poet's biography with the outline of his creative work. They will be discussed consecutivelly in three paragraphs of the article.The essay on the Treny cycle was published twice in 1881 and 1884 and presented from two perspectives: as an example of evolution in history-literature research implementing positivistic methods of scientific research and as a documentation of Nehring's towards his own texts. Comparison of both editions of the study on Treny emphasizes basic characteristics of the 19th century philologist's techniques: matter-of-factness, precision in stating theses, classic erudition and independence of opinion.The second part of the article focuses on the relation between two versions of the study on Odprawa posłów greckich. This time both first and second editions were published in the same year 1884, nevertheless the original text was substantially amended. The author of the article enumerates differences and indicates the nature of the modifications. As it turns out Nehring worked many matters over a nuber of times, corrected errors in the matter of the text, rearranged composition enhancing and shortening passages of text, corrected his style and adjusted the whole to a different communicative context and reader.In the twilight of his life, Nehring wrote a monography titled Jan Kochanowski, życie i dzieła. In the present article contents and layout of the book is discussed as well as methods of compilation of literary material. It is the main point of the third part of the study. In conclusion an idea of creating Jan Kochanowski Society, based on actual Adam Mickiewicz Society, setting field of research on old Polish literature.]]>Three studies of Władysław Nehring's on Jan KochanowskiThe subject of the article is texts of Władysław Nehring devoted to Jan Kochanowski's work and biography. The author has selected three works out of Nehring's achievements. Each of them represents a different form of scientific expression: an interpretative essay, a commented text edition and a monography, all of which combine the poet's biography with the outline of his creative work. They will be discussed consecutivelly in three paragraphs of the article.The essay on the Treny cycle was published twice in 1881 and 1884 and presented from two perspectives: as an example of evolution in history-literature research implementing positivistic methods of scientific research and as a documentation of Nehring's towards his own texts. Comparison of both editions of the study on Treny emphasizes basic characteristics of the 19th century philologist's techniques: matter-of-factness, precision in stating theses, classic erudition and independence of opinion.The second part of the article focuses on the relation between two versions of the study on Odprawa posłów greckich. This time both first and second editions were published in the same year 1884, nevertheless the original text was substantially amended. The author of the article enumerates differences and indicates the nature of the modifications. As it turns out Nehring worked many matters over a nuber of times, corrected errors in the matter of the text, rearranged composition enhancing and shortening passages of text, corrected his style and adjusted the whole to a different communicative context and reader.In the twilight of his life, Nehring wrote a monography titled Jan Kochanowski, życie i dzieła. In the present article contents and layout of the book is discussed as well as methods of compilation of literary material. It is the main point of the third part of the study. In conclusion an idea of creating Jan Kochanowski Society, based on actual Adam Mickiewicz Society, setting field of research on old Polish literature.]]
Naïve and informed views on the nature of scientific inquiry in large‐scale assessments: Two sides of the same coin or different currencies?
No full textMany models in the field of epistemic cognition conceptualize students' views as being on a continuum between the poles of naïve and informed views. Against this background, the aim of the present study was to find out whether views on the nature of scientific inquiry (NOSI views) should be conceptualized and quantitatively assessed in a more multiplistic manner, considering naïve and informed views in their own, separate dimensions. Based on a competence model defining three inquiry methods, we developed a Likert-scaled questionnaire containing 10 scales, each assessing one NOSI view. We administered the questionnaire to a sample of 802 students in the lower and upper levels of secondary school. Based on structural equation modeling, the analyses confirmed a 10-dimensional model, distinguishing between each naïve and informed views as the only adequate representation of the data. Latent class analysis and interview data revealed four profiles of NOSI views in the data, which differed with regard to their agreement or disagreement with different naïve and informed views. We interpret these findings as evidence that supports more multiplistic models, with relevance to conceptualizing, measuring, and fostering NOSI views. We derive future directions of nature of science and NOSI research linking basic and applied research using experimental studies. © 2019 The Author. Journal of Research in Science Teaching published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Ayurveda in Deutschland
No full textThis work presents an investigation of the phenomenon of Ayurveda in Germany. The
author thoroughly researches this field, stepping into “terra incognita” at the beginning.
Notably, Ayurveda in Germany has almost not attracted any research, with neither
statistical data nor market research available on the matter.
The above fact has informed the research methodology. This work is largely based on
field research, including long open interviews and participant observations.
The main methods used by the author included ethnography of self, socratic questioning,
phenomenology and grounded theory, semi-structured interviews, and hermeneutical
analysis. The results of the field research are purposefully presented in a chronological
order, as the author has allowed the participants, the events and the insights to influence
the research process. In particular, new questions were continuously added to the list of
interview questions while new contacts and recommendations guided the research
process. While most names and titles presented in the work are different from the actual
ones, Ayurveda in Germany is quite individualized, meaning that any person involved is
likely to recognize both the institutions and the experts mentioned. Still, anonymization
was a necessary element for the purposes of this research.
Thorough ethnographic research allowed for collecting all necessary materials, shaping a
picture of Ayurveda in Germany, and analyzing the phenomenon within the framework
of Religion Studies.
Another peculiar and important feature of this research is that the author works in the
field of Ayurveda. On the one hand, this facilitated access to thorough evidence; on the
other hand, this aspect required constant attention to ensure impartiality.
The primary reasons for the author’s interest in the given topic, besides the personal
professional activity, were the lack of structured information about Ayurveda in Germany
as well as the presence of unique phenomena within the field, such as “veganization” and
“feminization” of Ayurveda, that signified the enculturation of Ayurveda in Germany,
i.e., the influence of German culture on Ayurveda as an external phenomenon.
Chapter 1 provides general information on Ayurveda, describes the research
methodology, and sets the research questions.
Chapter 2 provides detailed ethnographic material presented in a structured manner.
ii
Chapter 3 provides a comprehensive analysis of the main discourses and aspects of
modern Ayurveda in Germany, which form the latter’s unique outlook. Some of these
aspects include the power discourse, the discourse of “real Ayurveda”, the discourse of
“yogization of Ayurveda”, the discourse of “vegetarianization” and “veganization” of
Ayurveda, the discourse of “feminization” of Ayurveda, etc.
Chapter 4 presents the author’s attempt to map the phenomenon of Ayurveda within
Religion Studies. To this end, the author uses concepts such as Popular Religion (Hubert
Knoblauch), the New Age and Esotericism (Wouter Hanegraaff, Kocku von Stuckrad,
Paul Heelas, Christoph Bochinger), and Neopaganism (Graham Harvey). Each of these
concepts proved helpful in describing, analyzing, and mapping modern Ayurveda in
Germany as a medical, cultural, religious, and spiritual phenomenon.
It is also important to note that modern German Ayurveda does not develop in a vacuum,
i.e., separately from global Ayurveda. In fact, all processes taking place in modern
German Ayurveda have an impact on Ayurveda in general, even on Ayurveda in India.
The work is written in English. The material was gathered in English, German, and
Russian. Similarly, the theoretical framework for the given research was informed by
works in English, German, and Russian. German was the main language throughout this
research, facilitating the reception of valuable data that could not have been obtained
otherwise.
The research was conducted between 2016 and 2019; analytical and theoretical work was
conducted between 2019 and 2021.Die Arbeit widmet sich dem Phänomen Ayurveda in Deutschland. Die Autorin erforscht
diesen Bereich gründlich und springt zu Anfang tatsächlich in kaltes Wasser. Ayurveda
in Deutschland wurde vor dieser Studie praktisch nicht untersucht, es gibt keine Daten
und Statistiken darüber, es gibt keine Marktforschung.
Dies bedingt die Wahl der Forschungsmethoden. Grundlage dieser Arbeit ist field
research, insbesondere lange offene Interviews und participant observations.
Die wichtigsten Methoden, auf welche die Autorin sich stützt, sind folgende: ethnography
of self, socratic questioning, phenomenology and grounded theory, semi-structured
interviews, und hermeneutical analysis. Die Ergebnisse von field research werden
bewusst chronologisch dargestellt. Die Autorin hat zugelassen, dass die
Studienteilnehmern, die Meinungen, die Ideen, die Konzepte, die Empfehlungen und die
Ereignisse das Verfahren der Studie beeinflussen. Der Weg zum Studienziel war nicht
fest definiert, sondern konnte somit dynamisch und flexibel angepasst werden. Die
Interviews wurden ständig durch neue Fragen ergänzt, neue Kontakte und Empfehlungen
prägten den Verlauf der Studie. Die meisten Namen und Organisationen haben fiktive
Namen, aber Ayurveda in Deutschland ist sehr individualisiert, so dass jeder, der in
diesem Bereich aktiv ist, leicht die beschriebenen Institutionen und Experten
wiedererkennt. Für das Hauptziel der Studie - die Erforschung des modernen Ayurveda
als Phänomen in Deutschland - war es jedoch besser, eine Anonymisierung
durchzuführen.
Dies ist eine gründliche ethnographische Studie, die es ermöglicht, alle notwendigen
Materialien für die Analyse zu sammeln, ein Porträt des modernen Ayurveda in
Deutschland zu zeichnen und dann Ayurveda in Deutschland als Phänomen im Rahmen
der Religion Studies zu analysieren.
Ein weiteres spezifisches und wichtiges Merkmal dieser Studie ist, dass die Autorin selbst
als Praktikerin in diesem Bereich arbeitet. Dies gab ihr einerseits Zugang zu tieferen
Informationen, andererseits erforderte es während der gesamten Studie ständige
Aufmerksamkeit auf diesen Aspekt und die Objektivität der Studie.
Das Interesse an diesem Thema (neben der persönlichen beruflichen Beschäftigung der
Autorin) war der Mangel an strukturierten Informationen über Ayurveda in Deutschland,
aber auch das Vorhandensein von erstaunlichen Phänomenen in diesem Bereich (wie
Veganisierung des Ayurveda, Feminisierung des Ayurveda), die unmittelbar über die
iv
Inkulturation des Ayurveda in Deutschland sprechen, über den Einfluss der Kultur des
modernen Deutschland auf das aus Indien importierte Ayurveda.
Das erste Kapitel befasst sich mit allgemeinen Informationen über Ayurveda und der
Beschreibung der Forschungsmethodik und -problematik.
Das zweite Kapitel ist detailliertes ethnographisches Material, das in strukturierter Form
(field research) präsentiert wird.
Das dritte Kapitel ist eine umfassende Analyse der wichtigsten Diskurse und Aspekte des
modernen Ayurveda in Deutschland, aus denen sich das einzigartige Phänomen des
deutschen modernen Ayurveda entwickelt. Hier geht es um eine detaillierte Analyse der
“power discourse” in Ayurveda, discourse of real Ayurveda, discourse of yogization”
of Ayurveda, discourse of vegetarianization and veganization of Ayurveda, discourse
of feminization of Ayurveda und andere wichtige Aspekte.
Das vierte Kapitel ist der Versuch der Autorin, im Rahmen der Religionswissenschaft
einen Platz für das Phänomen des modernen Ayurveda in Deutschland zu finden. Dazu
greift die Autorin auf die Analyse des gesammelten Materials nur durch das Prisma der
wichtigsten religionswissenschaftliche Konzepte wie Populäre Religion (Hubert
Knoblauch), Study of the New Age und Study of Esotericism (Wouter Hanegraaff, Kocku
von Stuckrad, Paul Heelas, Christoph Bochinger), Study of Neopaganism (Graham
Harvey). Alle diese Konzepte tragen dazu bei, aber keines von ihnen ist das einzige
Grundgerüst, jedes hat dazu beigetragen, das moderne Ayurveda im heutigen
Deutschland als ein Phänomen (medizinisch, kulturell, religiös und spirituell) besser zu
beschreiben, zu analysieren und zu platzieren.
Es sollte auch beachtet werden, dass das moderne deutsche Ayurveda nicht in einem
Vakuum und getrennt von der Welt existiert. Alle Prozesse, die im modernen deutschen
Ayurveda stattfinden, haben Einfluss auf Ayurveda im Allgemeinen und sogar auf
Ayurveda in Indien.
Die Arbeit ist auf Englisch geschrieben, das Material wurde auf Deutsch, Englisch und
Russisch gesammelt. Die theoretischen Rahmenbedingungen für die Analyse waren
Arbeiten in Englisch, Russisch und Deutsch. Deutsch war die Hauptsprache der Studie
und ermöglichte es, wertvolle Daten zu erhalten, die sonst nicht abgerufen werden
konnten.
Das praktische Teil der Studie in den Jahren 2016-2019 entstand, die analytische und
theoretische Arbeit wurde in den Jahren 2019-2021 ausgeführt
Augustine and John Cassian on the Permissibility of Lying, which Is an Absolute Sin
No full textThe author of the article analyzes the similarities and differences in Augustine’s and John Cassian’s approaches to both the nature of lying as a sin and its possible permissibility or at least its pardonability in strictly defined situations. He argues for the position that it is impossible to say unequivocally whether Cassian undertook a conscious polemic with the Bishop of Hippo on this issue or even whether he was at all familiar with both or any of his treatises on lying. The fundamental difference between them regarding the issue of accepting intentionality in committing this absolute sin stems from the nature of the writings in which they articulated their views, their rhetorical context and the anthropological perspective of both authors.
Nestmate and non-nestmate recognition: proximal mechanism of template flexibility in ants
No full textSummary chapter 1Over the course of its life, an insect will deploy an extended olfactory perception ability that requires amultitude of sensory receptors, enabling insects to perceive reality beyond the capacity of the humanmind to comprehend. Ants, especially, rely on their olfaction to recognise their nestmates andmaintain the cohesion of the colony. They recognize their nestmates by colony-specific olfactorylabels that individuals store as neural templates in their memory. Learning continuously shapes thenestmate recognition template to keep up with the constant changes in colony labels. This learningis suspected by some author to be rather associative, and by some other not to be. Herewe seek to investigate the mechanism involve in construction of the colony template at the peripheralnervous system responses in term of ORs distribution. We used both behavioural analysis andantennae transcriptomes of Acromyrmex echinatior ants and subjected them to different olfactorytreatments. We show in line of other studies that prolonged exposure to non-nestmate odoursreduces workers aggression towards their label. In our case, the treatment not only affected thebehaviour of the ants but also the expression of their ORs as well as other genes involved in olfactoryand sensory transduction in their antennas. Interestingly, we show that the ORs profile was colonyspecific as much as the label is. Additionally, when we exposed different colonies to the same non-nestmateodour, the initial separation between the olfactory system gene expression, relative tocolonies profiles, disappeared. This indicates that, as their olfactory environments became similar,their ORs profiles also became similar. We looked at the odour exposure effect and realise that as theants’ olfactory environments change, their OR profiles seem to adapt to new sensory realities. Whenants habituate to the odour of another colony, it effectively changes both the nestmate recognitiontemplate and the peripheral nervous system that seems to optimize its sensitivity allowing maybe theants to remain able to perceived relevant cue in their environment.Summary chapter 2Recognition protects biological systems at all scales, from cells to societies. Social insects recognizetheir nestmates by colony-specific olfactory labels that individuals store as neural templates in theirmemory. Throughout an ant's life, learning continuously shapes the nestmate recognition template tokeep up with the constant changes in colony labels. Most explanations for template update rely onnon-associative learning. Ants become habituated to their colony label, their reaction to theomnipresent chemical cues, typical for their own nest, fades. However, habituation cannot explainthe enormous variation in nestmate recognition behaviour. One example would be the neighboursmanagement where some ant species are more aggressive towards neighbouring colonies thantowards unfamiliar colonies (nasty neighbour effect). The distributed model of nestmaterecognition predicts that individual experiences cause variation in recognition ability among individualsand proposes that associative learning of non-nestmate odours leads to this diversity in recognitiontemplates. We already know that social insects can learn by associating an odour cue with a foodreward. Here, we test whether repeated brief encounters of non-nestmate colony odours can leads tolearning, and can explain the nasty neighbour effect observe in Lasius niger ants population. Ourresults demonstrate for the first time that associative learning plays a crucial role in the formation ofboth nestmate and non-nestmate recognition templates, and that the aggression received by an ant actas an unconditioned stimulus that the ant likely associates with the odour label of its enemy. Individualassociative learning can thus explain many phenomena from nasty neighbour effects to agepolyethism. Because different individuals will accumulate different experiences throughout theirlives, their later decisions on whether to accept or reject other individuals will also vary. Group-levelallow more accurate decision than any individual decision alone
One Answer to the Confinement Pig Problem
No full textA new design for an intensive hog finishing operation is presented. The maze deconfinement system consists of a series of 4-walled concrete pens arranged in a T-maze within a confinement building that is designed to utilize solar energy. In addition to low cost and efficient use of energy, the system has the following advantages: higher feed conversion rate; less fighting among and injuries to hogs; some freedom for hogs to exercise and explore; decreased labor. The system has been in use on the author\u27s farm since the end of 1976
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