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(4(3):1-12)A Study on Sesbania Sesban Merr. (No. 2) Seed as Protein Supplement for Livestock
No full text1．關於處理方法，據本試驗結果，以化學及微生物併用法爲最優，玆將其處理程序列下：田菁元粒壓扁→加5~6倍水，待沸騰后將田菁投入，煮沸10分鐘濾過→加5倍之1% HCl液，浸60分隱過→加10倍水，浸60分濾過。加2%食鹽混和，放置1~2日使之醱酵後，乾燥。
2．處理后田菁組成(表格略)
3．處理后田菁中之特殊成分(表格略)
4．處理後田菁中之酸度以乳酸表示=0.22%
5．飼料化田菁製成率乾物對乾物=82.9%即純乾物100kg田菁，可製成純乾物82.9kg飼料化田菁。
6．廢液中鹽酸囘收利用
依下列公式，可算出廢液中應添加之HCl量，而使之成爲1% HCl液。
A×B×C=D
A=浸酸廢液＋浸水廢液總量
C=1%鹽酸濃度
B=恆數0.8
D=應添加之HCl cc.數
例如10kg沸煮後田菁，浸酸液要50kg，水漬液要100kg，浸酸液吸收20%=10kg，故廢液中只剩40kg，浸水液無變化，故仍舊爲100kg，兩者混合，計成140kg，此值代入上公式：(方程式略)
即加入1120cc. HCl，將140kg，廢液變爲1% HCl液140kg，可供田菁浸酸之用，如是連續使用，不特鹽酸可以囘收利用，且用水液見經濟。
註：浸酸液按田菁重量5倍，浸水液按田菁重量10倍。
7．保存試驗
保仔六個月後，除重量稍增加（約增8.9%，此乃吸收空中濕氣關係）外，其他狀態如發霉色澤及香味等，均無變化。
According to the qualitative and quantitative analysis in previous experiment (see the first report), it is found that Sesbania seed contains special components which have strong physiological effect in livestock and a peculiar odor which makes the livestock refuse to feed. The purpose of this experiment is to find out the way to remove these disagreeable components, and make the seeds be capable of being used as a protein supplement for livestock. The results are summarized as follows:
1) The methods used for processing Sesbania seeds in this experiment are divided into mechanical treatment, biological treatment, chemical treatment, and chemical combine with biological treatment. Among these methods, as it is shown by this experiment, the chemical combine with biological treatment is the best. The procedure of which is written in the following:
The seeds are first rolled→5~6 times boiling water is added to the seeds and boiled for 10 mins. then drained-soaking in 1% HCI solution 5 times the volume of seeds for 60 mins. and drained→soaked in water 10 times the volume of seeds for 60 mins. then drained→added 2% common salts to the seeds and exposed in the air for 1-2 days until they are fermented→dried.
2 The composition of treated seeds.
(The from abridges)
3) The special components of treated seeds
(The from abridges)
4) The acidity of treated seeds as expressed in percentage of lactic acid is 0.22%.
5) About 82.9% product is obtained from the raw Sesbania seeds in dry condition.
6) The drained hydrochloric acid solution may be restored for further use, and the quantity of water used in above process may also be saved economically. In order to make it become 1% HCI solution, hydrochloric acid is added to the drained solution. The amount of which can be calculated by the following formula.
A×B×C=D
Remarks: A=the total amount of the drained solution and drained water.
B=a constant of 0.8.
C=1% concentration of hydrochloric acid.
D=the quantity of hydrochloric acid added, as expressed in cc.
7) Experiment of preservation.
After six months preservation no change (such as moulding, colour, or flavour etc.) was occurred, except a slight increase in weight (about 8.9% it is absorbed moisture from the air)
(5(1-2):1-16)A Study on Sesbania Sesban Merr (No.3) Seed as Protein Supplement for Livestock
No full text1)田菁消化率：(表格略)
2)田菁中可消化蛋白質：(表格略)
3)可消化養分總量：(表格略)
4)榮養比：
1:2.6
5)澱粉價：(表格略)
6)純能：(表格略)
All feed stuff taken by animals must be undergone extensive changes in the body. That is n as dige3tion. Through the process of digestion the food is first to be tranformed from complex forms into simple forms in the digestion tract. And then to be absorbed and utilized. The experiment results of digestion of Sesbania sesban seeds are listed as follows:
1) Digestion Coefficients (The form abridges)
2) Digestible protein (The form abridges)
3) Total digestible nutrients (The form abridges)
4) Nutritive ration
1:2.6
5) Starch value (The form abridges)
6) Net energy (The form abridges
(4(1):1-12)A Study on Sesbania Sesban Merr. (No.Ⅰ) Seed as Protein Supplement for Livestock
No full text（一）田菁種實之組成(表格略)
注：處理後，因吸水而膨脹，故同一重量，而全乾物量則形减少。
（二）田菁種實中之特殊成分
定性分析
(表格略)
定量分析
(表格略)
（三）田菁種實處理法
在试驗7例中，以水浸三晝夜，蒸煮半小時，再水浸三晝夜者成績佳良，家畜稍肯探食（在浸水巾，每日早州換水雨大），經如是虚理后，苦澁物質大部分溶解除去，尤其在氧溫20℃以内處理之下，起乳酸醱酵，生出一種芳香清爽之酸味。
（四）虚理后田菁種實中普通成分之變化
(表格略)
Sesbania Sesban is a kind of green manure. The percentage of protein in its seed is considerably high. Since the seed is bitter and acrid and it will cause the cattle to vomit after eating, it is not suitable for cattle feed.
The object of this experinent is to research the quality and quantity of the special component contained in the seed. The experiment comprises three steps: 1) to analyse the special component, 2) to determine the digestion coefficient, and 3) to search for the important Amino-acid in the seed as compared with that in the soybean. It i only a biochemistry study and does not touch upon feeding problems. If the seed can be used as fodder, not only the problem of proteinfeed in present Taiwan will become less serious, but also the breeding, of cattle will be promoted.
If the seed can be used as fodder, not only the problem of proteinfeed in present Taiwan will become less serious, but also the breeding, of cattle will be psromoted.
The results are as follows:
1. The composition of Sesban seed. (The from abridges)
2. The special component of Sesban seed.
(a) Quantitative analysis (The from abridges)
(b) Quantitative analysis (The from abridges)
3. The process of Sesban seed.
Among the 7 experimental examples, the best result is obtained with the following method: firstly soak the seed in water for 72 hrs., then cook it for 30mins,, and again soak, in water for 72 hrs.. (During soaking, change the fresh water twice a day). With this process, the bitter and acrid component in the seed will be largely disolved out, and cattle will like to feed on it.
4. The change of Sesban seed composition after process. (The from abridges
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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