739 research outputs found
Overall synthesis and conclusions
No full textThis chapter first systematically summarizes the most important findings and policy implications of each of the chapters included in this book volume. Next it synthesizes the overall findings and policy implications, and discusses future avenues for policy making and research. A first conclusion is that the chapters make clear that the ranges in policy relevant implications of AVs, within the scope of each chapter/topic, are still relatively broad. Secondly we conclude that research that is conceptually rich is more valuable for policy making. Thirdly we hypothesize that context matters for the uptake, impacts, and specific system design characteristics of real world AV implementation. Fourth we conclude that research on the global south has been limited so far. Fifth we argue that AVs, shared vehicles and electric vehicles (EVs) might stimulate each other in a positive way, in all directions. Finally we conclude that AVs will have wider societal implications, such as in the area of land use, accessibility, social exclusion, governmental expenditures, the labor market, and the environment. The more indirect the effects of AVs are, the more difficult they are to understand. For policy making a first conclusion is that the issues of ethics, cyber security and data protection deserve way more attention than they currently get. We also conclude that future motorway network extensions might not be no-regret anymore, because of possible congestion reductions due to AVs, but also because of decreasing marginal values of time. Finally we argue that countries that introduce AVs later than other countries can learn a lot from the real world experiences elsewhere.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Probability distributions: with truncated, log and bivariate extensions
No full textThis volume presents a concise and practical overview of statistical methods and tables not readily available in other publications. It begins with a review of the commonly used continuous and discrete probability distributions. Several useful distributions that are not so common and less understood are described with examples and applications in full detail: discrete normal, left-partial, right-partial, left-truncated normal, right-truncated normal, lognormal, bivariate normal, and bivariate lognormal. Table values are provided with examples that enable researchers to easily apply the distributions to real applications and sample data. The left- and right-truncated normal distributions offer a wide variety of shapes in contrast to the symmetrically shaped normal distribution, and a newly developed spread ratio enables analysts to determine which of the three distributions best fits a particular set of sample data. The book will be highly useful to anyone who does statistical and probability analysis. This includes scientists, economists, management scientists, market researchers, engineers, mathematicians, and students in many disciplines. Nick T. Thomopoulos, Ph.D., has degrees in business (B.S.) and in mathematics (M.A.) from the University of Illinois, and in industrial engineering (Ph.D.) from Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech). He was supervisor of operations research at International Harvester; senior scientist at the IIT Research Institute; and Professor in Industrial Engineering and in the Stuart School of Business at Illinois Tech. He is the author of eleven books including Fundamentals of Queuing Systems (Springer), Essentials of Monte Carlo Simulation (Springer), Applied Forecasting Methods (Prentice Hall), and Fundamentals of Production, Inventory and the Supply Chain (Atlantic). He has published many papers and has consulted in a wide variety of industries in the United States, Europe and Asia. Dr. Thomopoulos has received honors over the years, such as the Rist Prize from the Military Operations Research Society for new developments in queuing theory; the Distinguished Professor Award in Bangkok, Thailand from the Illinois Tech Asian Alumni Association; and the Professional Achievement Award from the Illinois Tech Alumni Association.
User Requirements for the Design of Efficient Mobile Devices to Navigate Through the Public Transport Network,
No full textThe aim of the research is to identify the needs of public transport users when using a real time traveller information system. To this extent, a quali-quantitative approach (web-questionnaire and focus group administered to a sample of transport users and transport companies in the cities of Torino and Dresden) has been used to investigate: 1) the attributes that such device should have to attract more users to PT; 2) the PT companies' requirements and the barriers they envisage to the use of GALILEO-based applications on mobile devices. The results have allowed to design "Smart-Way", a smartphone application to navigate in real time throughout the public transport network. The use of ICT for transport has emerged as a big opportunity for the disabled people because the real time navigator can consistently improve the quality of their life, increasing their ability to travel. The simplicity and the ergonomics of the application are crucial. The cost to sustain the application is a threat due to the low WTP declared by the samples and confirmed by the literature. Another threat is that some users do not want to be tracking their location 24/7. The lack of standards and consistency with other European ITS applications as well as the mistrust of transport operators to make their data available to competitors will definitely be an obstacle for the implementation of Smart-Way in European transport companies
[Pathology of heart transplantation.(Morphological study of 1246 endomyocardial biopsies from 167 transplanted hearts). Causes of early, intermediate, and late deaths]
No full textPatologia del trapianto cardiaco. Studio morfologico di 1246 biopsie endomiocardiche (BEM) da 167 trapianti cardiaci. Cause di mortalità precoce, intermedia e tardiva
No full textPolicy implications of the potential carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emission and energy impacts of highly automated vehicles
No full textThis chapter explores the extent to which the adoption of highly automated vehicles (AVs) will lead to carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction in the future. Additionally, policy implications are given. Based on existing literature, this chapter shows that the adoption of AVs will result in a modest improvement of CO2 emission per kilometer traveled compared to non-autonomous vehicles in the future. Combined with the expectations that AVs will lead to a modest to, even, high growth in vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) compared to business as usual, the net energy and CO2 emission balance for AVs seems, at its best, to be neutral, but is probably negative. The potential accelerating role of AVs in relation to the uptake of electric vehicles might have the largest positive impacts on the CO2 emissions per kilometer driven, but this accelerating role of AV technology in relation to the uptake of electric vehicles is uncertain. For the time being the most useful policy implication to curb road transport CO2 emissions seems to be to continue with policies that promote the use of alternatives for fossil fuels, such as electricity.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Catheter-based renal denervation for resistant hypertension: twenty-four month results of the EnligHTN™ I first-in-human study using a multi-electrode ablation system
No full textAbstract not availableCostas P. Tsioufis, Vasilios Papademetriou, Kyriakos S. Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Dimitrios Tsiachris, Matthew I. Worthley, Ajay R. Sinhal, Derek P. Chew, Ian T. Meredith, Yuvi Malaiapan, Costas Thomopoulos, Ioannis Kallikazaros, Dimitrios Tousoulis, Stephen G. Worthle
The role of human operators in safety perception of av deployment—insights from a large european survey
No full textAutonomous vehicles are anticipated to play an important role on future mobility offering encouraging solutions to today’s transport problems. However, concerns of the public, which can affect the AVs’ uptake, are yet to be addressed. This study presents relevant findings of an online survey in eight European countries. First, 1639 responses were collected in Spring 2020 on people’s commute, preferred transport mode, willingness to use AVs and demographic details. Data was analyzed for the entire dataset and for vulnerable road users in particular. Results re-confirm the long-lasting discourse on the importance of safety on the acceptance of AVs. Spearman correlations show that age, gender, education level and number of household members have an impact on how people may be using or allowing their children to use the technology, e.g., with or without the presence of a human supervisor in the vehicle. Results on vulnerable road users show the same trend. The elderly would travel in AVs with the presence of a human supervisor. People with disabilities have the same proclivity, however their reactions were more conservative. Next to safety, reliability, affordability, cost, driving pleasure and household size may also impact the uptake of AVs and shall be considered when designing relevant policies
Potential health and well-being implications of autonomous vehicles
No full textTransportation's effects on health and well-being are widely recognized. In the near future, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are expected to revolutionize transportation options and ways of travel. Consequently, the effect of AVs on population health and well-being is a crucial topic of interest for transportation policymaking, one that has received comparatively little attention. This chapter discusses (and anticipates) potential AV impacts on health and well-being. First, we summarize knowledge surrounding effects of transportation on physical health (traffic safety, air and noise pollution, and physical activity) and well-being (travel satisfaction, access to activities, etc.). We then discuss how AVs may affect traveler behaviors, focusing on mode shifts toward private, shared, and/or pooled AVs, and how these shifts may lead to an overall increase in automobile travel, even if not necessarily in person-travel. Finally, we interpret the previous two sections to deduce potential positive, negative, and uncertain health/well-being effects of AVs. We expect benefits from improved safety, well-being, and access to opportunities; disadvantages from reduced physical activity; and uncertain impacts around land use changes and emissions. We conclude by discussing policy implications and research paths forward
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