1,691 research outputs found
Erziehung zur Willensfreiheit. Warum Tadel in der Willenserziehung nicht entbehrt werden kann
No full textErziehung wird aus der Perspektive von angemessenen Vorwürfen und angebrachten Vorhaltungen betrachtet. Wenn man den freien Willen nicht mehr als ursachenlose Ursache im Sinne eines Erstauslösers deutet, sondern als neuronal und kulturell bedingte Fähigkeit begreift, für verschiedene Gründe zugänglich zu sein und unbehinderte Entschlüsse fassen zu können, kann man durch Tadel - so die These - lernen, willensfrei zu werden und aus Gründen zu handeln. Tadel ist insofern eine Hilfe, dass sich Willensfreiheit überhaupt bilden kann und somit unentbehrlich, denn bevor man sich für einleuchtende Gründe entscheidet, muss man überhaupt aus Gründen handeln und ungehindert entscheiden können. (DIPF/Orig.)Education is considered from the perspective of adequate reprimands and appropriate reproaches. If free will is not interpreted as causeless cause in the sense of an initial trigger, but rather, as the neuronal and cultural skill to be open to different reasons and to able to unimpededly come to a decision, then it is possible to achieve freedom of will and learn to act for a reason through reprimand - thus the author\u27s thesis. Insofar reprimand helps form-freedom of will and is thus indispensable because, before one is able to accept plausible reasons, one has to be able to act for a reason and to decide unimpededly. (DIPF/Orig.
Praise and Reprimand. An Empirical Study on the Attitudes of Mothers of Three- to Six-Year-Old Children
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit soll klären, wie Mütter drei- bis sechsjähriger Kinder Lob und Tadel in der Erziehungspraxis verwenden. Konkret sollen die Einstellungen von Müttern zu verhaltensformenden und beziehungsfördernden Aspekten im Zusammenhang mit der Verwendung von Lob und Tadel untersucht werden. In der kinder- und jugend-psychotherapeutischen Praxis fällt auf, dass viele Mütter nicht genau zu wissen scheinen, ob und wie sie insbesondere kleine Kinder loben und/oder tadeln sollen. Die Beobachtungen zeigen, dass viele Mütter in Lob und Tadel Erziehungsmittel zur Verhaltensformung sehen und diese Erziehungsmittel wenig feinfühlig verwenden. Eine rein auf die Verhaltensformung abzielende oder wenig einfühlsame Verwendung von Lob und Tadel gilt nachweislich als Problem für die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung von Kindern. Aktuelle Untersuchungen über die Verwendung von Lob und Tadel im Zusammenhang mit dem Verhalten von Kindern fehlen bislang. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Beitrag zur empirischen Aufklärung des Problemfeldes leisten und die mütterliche Verwendung von Lob und Tadel in der Erziehungspraxis eruieren. Hierfür wurde ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung mütterlicher Einstellungen zur Verwendung von Lob und Tadel konstruiert und an Mütter (N = 197, Alter in Jahren M = 35.6) drei- bis sechsjähriger Kinder aus Kitzingen Stadt und Landkreis ausgehändigt. Die Untersuchung hat ergeben, dass die meisten Mütter bei der Verwendung von Lob etwas mehr Wert auf die Verhaltensformung als auf die Beziehungsförderung legen und dass die Verwendung von Tadel deutlich mehr verhaltensformende als beziehungsfördernde Absichten der Mütter aufweist.The present work aims to clarify how mothers of three- to six-year-old children use praise and reprimand in their parenting practices. Specifically, it seeks to examine mothers' attitudes toward behavior-shaping and relationship-promoting aspects in connection with the use of praise and reprimand. In child and adolescent psycho-therapy practice, it is noticeable that many mothers do not seem to know exactly whether and how they should praise and/or reprimand young children, in particular. Observations indicate that many mothers see praise and reprimand as tools for be-havior modification and tend to use these tools insensitively. A purely behavior-focused or insensitively applied use of praise and reprimand is demonstrably con-sidered problematic for children's personality development. Currently, there is a lack of research on the use of praise and reprimand in relation to children's behavior. This work aims to contribute to the empirical clarification of this issue and to ex-plore how mothers use praise and reprimand in their parenting practices. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed to assess mothers' attitudes toward the use of praise and reprimand and was distributed to mothers (N = 197, mean age = 35.6 years) of three- to six-year-old children from the city and district of Kitzingen. The study found that most mothers place slightly more emphasis on behavior modifica-tion than on relationship promotion when using praise, and that the use of repri-mand shows significantly more behavior-shaping intentions than relationship-promoting ones
Overview of EVE – the event visualization environment of ROOT
No full textEVE is a high-level visualization library using ROOT's data-processing, GUI and OpenGL interfaces. It is designed as a framework for object management offering hierarchical data organization, object interaction and visualization via GUI and OpenGL representations. Automatic creation of 2D projected views is also supported. On the other hand, it can serve as an event visualization toolkit satisfying most HEP requirements: visualization of geometry, simulated and reconstructed data such as hits, clusters, tracks and calorimeter information. Special classes are available for visualization of raw-data. Object-interaction layer allows for easy selection and highlighting of objects and their derived representations (projections) across several views (3D, Rho-Z, R-Phi). Object-specific tooltips are provided in both GUI and GL views. The visual-configuration layer of EVE is built around a data-base of template objects that can be applied to specific instances of visualization objects to ensure consistent object presentation. The data-base can be retrieved from a file, edited during the framework operation and stored to file. EVE prototype was developed within the ALICE collaboration and has been included into ROOT in December 2007. Since then all EVE components have reached maturity. EVE is used as the base of AliEve visualization framework in ALICE, Firework physics-oriented event-display in CMS, and as the visualization engine of FairRoot in FAIR
Raw-data display and visual reconstruction validation in ALICE
No full textALICE Event Visualization Environment (AliEVE) is based on ROOT and its GUI, 2D & 3D graphics classes. A small application kernel provides for registration and management of visualization objects. CINT scripts are used as an extensible mechanism for data extraction, selection and processing as well as for steering of frequent event-related tasks. AliEVE is used for event visualization in offline and high-level trigger frameworks. Mechanisms and base-classes provided for visual representation of raw-data for different detector-types are described. Common infrastructure for thresholding and color-coding of signal/time information, placement of detector-modules in various 2D/3D layouts and for user-interaction with displayed data is presented. Methods for visualization of raw-data on different levels of detail are discussed as they are expected to play an important role during early detector operation with poorly understood detector calibration, occupancy and noise-levels. Since September 2006 ALICE applies a regular visual-scanning procedure to simulated proton-proton data to detect any shortcomings in cluster finding, tracking and primary & secondary vertex reconstruction. A high-level of interactivity is required to allow in-depth exploration of event-structure. Navigation back to simulation records is supported for debugging purposes. Standard 2D projections and transformations are available for clusters, tracks and simplified detector geometry
The new generation of OpenGL support in ROOT
No full textOpenGL has been promoted to become the main 3D rendering engine of the ROOT framework. This required a major re-modularization of OpenGL support on all levels, from basic window-system specific interface to medium-level object-representation and top-level scene management. This new architecture allows seamless integration of external scene-graph libraries into the ROOT OpenGL viewer as well as inclusion of ROOT 3D scenes into external GUI and OpenGL-based 3D-rendering frameworks
XRootd, disk-based, caching-proxy for optimization of data-access, data-placement and data-replication
No full textFollowing the smashing success of XRootd-based USCMS data-federation, AAA project investigated extensions of the federation architecture by developing two sample implementations of an XRootd, disk-based, caching-proxy. The first one simply starts fetching a whole file as soon as a file-open request is received and is suitable when completely random file access is expected or it is already known that a whole file be read. The second implementation supports on-demand downloading of partial files. Extensions to the Hadoop file-system have been developed to allow foran immediate fallback to network access when local HDFS storage fails to provide the requested block. Tools needed to analyze and to tweak block replication factors and to inject downloaded blocks into a running HDFS installation have also been developed. Both cache implementations are in operation at UCSD and several tests were also performed at UNL and UW-M. Operational experience and applications to automatic storage healing and opportunistic computing, especially on T3 sites and campus resources, will be discussed
Parallelization of ALICE simulation: a jump through the looking-glass
No full textHEP computing is approaching the end of an era when simulation parallelization could be performed simply by running one instance of full simulation per core. The increasing number of cores and appearance of hardware-thread support both pose a severe limitation on memory and memory-bandwidth available to each execution unit. Typical simulation and reconstruction jobs of AliROOT (offline framework of the ALICE experiment at LHC) do not differ significantly in memory usage - but the input/output rate of reconstruction is approximately three times higher. This makes simulation a more natural candidate for parallelization, especially since the simulation code is relatively stable while the reconstruction code is not expected to settle until the detector is fully calibrated with real data and understood under stable running conditions. We have chosen to use multi-threading solution with one primary particle and all its secondaries being tracked by a given thread. This model corresponds well to Pb-Pb ion collision simulation where 60,000 primary particles need to be transported. After the MC processing of a primary particle is completed, the same thread also performs output serialization. Modifications of ROOT, AliROOT and GEANT3 that were required to perform this task are discussed. Performance of the parallelized version of simulation under varying running conditions is presented
- …
