137 research outputs found
2-Color Rado Numbers for The Family of Equations x₁ + x₂ + ... xm-1 + c = (m - 1)xm
No full textFor every integer c and every positive integer m ≥ 3, let n = R(m, c) be the least integer, provided that it exists, such that for every coloring [special characters omitted]there exists integers x1, x2,...,xm (not necessarily distinct) such that [special characters omitted]and [special characters omitted]If such an integer does not exist, then let R( m, c) = ∞. The main result is that for every odd integer m ≥ 3 and every positive integer c [special characters omitted
Text, Medium, Afterlife: Intertextuality and Intermediality in the Works of Yoko Tawada
No full textText, Medium, Afterlife: Intertextuality and Intermediality in the Works of Yoko Tawada examines the roles of personal and mass media technologies in the works of contemporary German-language author Yoko Tawada. The study analyses the author\u27s prose fiction, wherein
the possibility of limitless textual permutations - an afterlife of the text - is accessed through a web of intertextual and intermedial associations. The expression of an individual voice against a
dominant culture\u27s mass media mobilizes a discourse of networks which emerges from the creative gaps and apertures revealed by the author\u27s deconstructive approach to language and literatures
THE PRAIRIE NATURALIST Volume 32, No.1 March 2000
No full textFRESHWATER MUSSELS (BIVALVIA: UNIONOIDEA) IN STREAMS OF NORTHWESTERN KANSAS ▪ S. M. Bergman, M. E. Eberle, and B. K. Obenneyer
PISCIVOROUS BIRD DEPREDATION AT NORTHERN MINNESOTA AQUACULTURE FACILITIES ▪ G. K. Bridgman, E. H. Rave, and J. M. Rafferty 17
EFFECTS OF MOWED TRAILS ON DEPREDATION OF ARTIFICIAL NESTS IN GRASSLAND ▪ D. J. Rosenblatt, J. J. Newton, and E . J. Heske
PLANT COMMUNITY PATTERNS ON UPLAND PRAIRIE IN THE EASTERN NEBRASKA SANDHILLS ▪ W. H. Schacht, J. D. Volesky, D. Bauer, A. J. Smart, and E. M. Mousel
AMERICAN BITTERN DEPREDATES SORA ▪ J. E. Austin, and M. V. Slivinski
BOOK REVIEWS
Macroecology ▪ F. C. James
Ecology (Re) Defined ▪ M. Rowland
Texas Favorites ▪ . Staff
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Ecology and management of Sandhills rangeland: Fall grazing of uplands and ecosystem dynamics of subirrigated meadows
No full textAn experiment was conducted to determine the effects of 5 consecutive years of summer grazing date and fall stocking rate on vegetation and dietary crude protein content of cows grazing rangeland in the Nebraska Sandhills. Paddocks were grazed at a summer stocking rate of 0.5 AUM ha-1 in June or July, or deferred from summer grazing. The paddocks were then grazed in the fall at stocking rates of 0.0 AUM ha-1, 1.0 AUM ha-l, 2.0 AUM ha-1, or 3 AUM ha-l. Summer grazing date does not appear to consistently affect herbage production, fall standing crop, herbage disappearance, or fall diet quality. Fall stocking rate reduced cool-season graminoid production although this effect appears to require 3 to 5 consecutive years of fall grazing. Disappearance increased with increasing fall stocking rate by year 5 of the experiment. Crude protein content of fall diets declines with increasing fall grazing pressure but does not appear to be dictated by summer grazing date. Animal intake of fall herbage appeared to be restricted to some degree by low quality forage. In the second experiment, botanical composition, root mass-density, and carbon/nitrogen budgets were compared between cool-season and warm-season subirrigated meadows in the Sandhills. Vegetation yields and composition were sampled at each of 5 cool-season and 5 warm-season meadows. The A and C horizons of one-half of the soil cores (n=150) extracted from each meadow were analyzed for total C and N content. Stable C isotope analysis was conducted on soil sub-samples from the A and C horizon to determine the origin of soil C. The remaining soil cores were segmented into 10-cm increments. Root material was extracted from each 10-cm increment to estimate root mass-density distribution. Cool-season meadows had 12% greater (P\u3c0.1) herbage yields than warm-season meadows. Root-mass density was 30% greater (P\u3c0.1) in warm-season meadows than in cool-season meadows. Total C and N content was 43% greater (P\u3c0.1) in the A horizon of cool-season meadows, but was 40% greater (P\u3c0.1) in the C horizon of warm-season meadows. Although cool-season meadows had more soil C, much of the C in cool-season meadows appeared to be recalcitrant C from historic warm-season vegetation
Managing Livestock Grazing Distribution on South Dakota Rangelands
No full textImproving grazing distribution in pastures and on rangeland in South Dakota can increase utilization of the forage resource and animal performance. Managing proper grazing distribution is just one aspect of an overall grazing management plan
Parasites in the City: Degree of Urbanization Predicts Poxvirus and Coccidian Infections in House Finches (Haemorhous mexicanus)
No full textabstract: Background
Urbanization can strongly impact the physiology, behavior, and fitness of animals. Conditions in cities may also promote the transmission and success of animal parasites and pathogens. However, to date, no studies have examined variation in the prevalence or severity of several distinct pathogens/parasites along a gradient of urbanization in animals or if these infections increase physiological stress in urban populations.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Here, we measured the prevalence and severity of infection with intestinal coccidians (Isospora sp.) and the canarypox virus (Avipoxvirus) along an urban-to-rural gradient in wild male house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus). In addition, we quantified an important stress indicator in animals (oxidative stress) and several axes of urbanization, including human population density and land-use patterns within a 1 km radius of each trapping site. Prevalence of poxvirus infection and severity of coccidial infection were significantly associated with the degree of urbanization, with an increase of infection in more urban areas. The degrees of infection by the two parasites were not correlated along the urban-rural gradient. Finally, levels of oxidative damage in plasma were not associated with infection or with urbanization metrics.
Conclusion/Significance
These results indicate that the physical presence of humans in cities and the associated altered urban landscape characteristics are associated with increased infections with both a virus and a gastrointestinal parasite in this common songbird resident of North American cities. Though we failed to find elevations in urban- or parasite/pathogen-mediated oxidative stress, humans may facilitate infections in these birds via bird feeders (i.e. horizontal disease transmission due to unsanitary surfaces and/or elevations in host population densities) and/or via elevations in other forms of physiological stress (e.g. corticosterone, nutritional).The article is published at http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.008674
Managing Smooth Bromegrass Pastures in South Dakota
No full textSmooth bromegrass is a cool-season grass introduced into the U.S. in the latter part of the 19th century. Because of its highly developed root system, smooth bromegrass is resistant to wide temperature extremes and extensive drought. This resistance has allowed it to become a dominant species in pastures and on native rangeland in eastern and central South Dakota. It is a leafy and sod-forming perennial that spreads aggressively through seeds and rhizomes and establishes well on deep, well-drained silt, clay loam, or sandy soils (Fig 1)
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