464 research outputs found
PERANCANGAN PENYIMPANAN BAHAN BAKU MENGGUNAKAN METODE FSN ANALYSIS DI PT. KALBE FARMA
No full textRandomized storage merupakan metode penyimpanan bahan yang diterapkan di PT.
Kalbe Farma, namun metode ini membuat jarak tempuh yang jauh sehingga
penggunaan alat material handling lebih lama dan membutuhkan frekuesi charging
yang cukup sering. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana
pengaplikasian metode FSN dan keuntungannya terhadap jarak dan waktu material
handling di PT. Kalbe Farma. Metode FSN (fast, slow, dan non moving) merupakan
teknik penyimpanan bahan untuk mengurutkan bahan dari frekuensi penggunaan
yang paling sering sampai paling jarang. Dengan pengaplikasian FSN maka akan
posisi penyimpanan bahan yang semula random akan berubah menjadi dedicated.
Posisi penyimpanan bahan kategori fast moving dan slow moving akan menjadi lebih
dekat dengan pintu dispense. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh selisih jarak dispense
mulai dari 1232 m sampai 18560 m. Jarak yang lebih pendek akan mengurangi waktu
tempuh material handling sampai dengan 61.9 jam sehingga akan menghemat
penggunaan listrik sampai dengan 35 %
Structure and Performance of Commercial Banks in Pakistan
No full textCommercial banks undertake business of risk in an environment of asymmetric information. This is why, the industrial economists who are interested in theory of incomplete information and principal-agent framework have found the banking industry a promising field of research. There are number of studies on the behavior of commercial banks in various countries under structure-conduct-performance paradigm of industrial economics. However, there is hardly one in the context of Pakistan. This study attempted to analyze the structure and performance of commercial banks in Pakistan under the framework of industrial organization.commercial banks; Pakistan; Structure conduct performance;
Snail-host-finding by Miracidia and Cercariae: Chemical Host Cues
No full textSnails act as intermediate hosts in trematode life cycles, and many studies have dealt with the question of how miracidia, mainly of schistosomes, find and recognize their snail hosts. However, the published results on the chemical snail host cues that attract miracidia of Schistosoma mansoni have been contradictory. Here, Wilfried Haas, Bernhard Haberl, Martin Kalbe and Martina Korner review data that indicate that macromolecular glycoproteins are the attractants, and that schistosome miracidia can distinguish between snail strains during their chemo-orientation towards the hosts. in echinostome life cycles gastropods also act as second intermediate hosts and are actively invaded by cercariae. However, these cercariae approach their snail hosts with types of chemo-orientation that differ from those of miracidia, and they respond to small molecular host cues
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI DI PT. KALBE FARMA JAKARTA
No full textPT. Kalbe Farma dalam membuat perencanaan produksi, ada beberapa faktor yang
dipertimbangkan antara lain peramalan, stok akhir barang jadi, stok raw material, batch size tiap
jenis produk, kapasitas tiap line produksi, dan allowance. Idealnya allowance bertujuan untuk
menghindari terjadinya stockout pada saat permintaan meningkat namun allowance yang
berlebihan akan menyebabkan terjadi stok yang berlebih. Saat ini penentuan allowance hanya
berdasarkan intuisi bagian produksi, sehingga diperoleh fakta bahwa terjadi stok yang berlebih
pada beberapa periode. PT. Kalbe Farma dalam merencanakan kapasitas line produksi untuk
mengerjakan rencana produksi, mempunyai kebiasaan menetapkan penggunaan kapasitas sebesar
2 shift selama 1 bulan. Dalam prakteknya jika rencana produksi melebihi kapasitas yang
ditetapkan, maka perusahaan akan meminta tambahan kapasitas dari line lain selama ada sisa
kapasitas dari line lain. Sebaliknya jika rencana produksi lebih kecil dari kapasitas yang
ditetapkan maka sisa kapasitas akan ditawarkan pada pihak/line lain, dengan konsekuensi jika
sisa kapasitas tidak berhasil ditawarkan maka sisa kapasitas harus digunakan untuk produksi
produk itu sendiri, dan jika hal ini terjadi maka dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan untuk terjadi
overstock.
Oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisa percentage error untuk
menentukan allowance tiap produk dengan pertimbangan bahwa perusahaan tetap dapat
mengantisipasi terjadinya stockout pada saat permintaan meningkat namun stok akhir barang jadi
yang diperoleh juga tidak berlebihan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa penentuan allowance
masing-masing produk yaitu produk A(761.586 unit), B(22.253 unit), C(916 unit), D(44.286
unit), E(12.383 unit), F(267.571 unit), G(8.003 unit), H(16.779 unit), I(120 unit), J(78 unit),
K(984 unit), L(451 unit), M(831 unit), N(457 unit), O(522 unit), P(3.122 unit), Q(5.983 unit),
R(1.538 unit), S(2.475 unit), T(2.246 unit), U(922 unit). Selain itu pada penelitian ini akan
dilakukan analisa penentuan kapasitas yang bertujuan agar perusahaan dapat mengetahui
kapasitas yang akan digunakan untuk menyelesaikan suatu rencana produksi
Analisis Pengaruh Promosi Jabatan Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan Dengan Mediasi Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. Kalbe Farma Cabang Surakarta
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Promosi Jabatan terhadap Motivasi dan Prestasi Kerja Karyawan PT. Kalbe Farma Cabang Surakarta. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di PT. Kalbe Farma Cabang Surakarta, dengan jumlah 70 orang. Tekhnik pengambilan
sampel ini adalah dengan tekhnik jenuh. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisi regresi linier berganda. Selain itu terdapat uji instrumen, uji asumsi klasik, dan uji sobel. Berdasarkan hasil uji simultan, variabel promosi jabatan dan
motivasi secara serentak berpengaruh postif terhadap variabel prestasi kerja karyawan. Pada uji parsial didapatkan hasil bahwa promosi jabatan memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan, promosi jabatan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi, motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan. Serta variabel motivasi terbukti mampu memediasi secara parsial antara variabel promosi jabatan dan prestasi kerja karyawan.
Kata kunci: promosi jabatan, motivasi, dan prestasi kerja karyawan
Decision-making deficits of Korsakoff patients in a new gambling task with explicit rules: Associations with executive functions
No full textBrand M, Fujiwara E, Borsutzky S, Kalbe E, Kessler J, Markowitsch HJ. Decision-making deficits of Korsakoff patients in a new gambling task with explicit rules: Associations with executive functions. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. 2005;19(3):267-277.Decision-making deficits reflected by risky decisions in gambling tasks have been associated with frontal lobe dysfunctions in various neurologic and psychiatric populations. The question remains whether decision-making impairments are related to executive functions. The authors developed a new gambling task, the Game of Dice Task, with explicit and stable rules for reinforcement and punishment, to investigate relations between executive functions and risk-taking behavior in an explicit decision-making situation. A sample of 35 alcoholic Korsakoff patients and 35 healthy controls was examined with the Game of Dice Task and a neuropsychological test battery. Results show that Korsakoff patients are strongly impaired in this explicit decision-making task and that these disturbances are correlated with specific executive functions
Elevated emotional reactivity in affective but not cognitive components of theory of mind: A psychophysiological study
No full textKalbe E, Grabenhorst F, Brand M, Kessler J, Hilker R, Markowitsch HJ. Elevated emotional reactivity in affective but not cognitive components of theory of mind: A psychophysiological study. JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. 2007;1(1):27-38.Recent research proposes that theory of mind (ToM), that is the ability to infer other people's mental state, is a multidimensional construct and that a distinction may be made between affective and cognitive ToM. We examined whether these two subcomponents of ToM correspond to different levels in skin conductance responses (SCRs). Seventeen healthy adults listened to ten affective (faux pas) ToM stories, ten cognitive ToM stories and ten non-ToM stories. Results demonstrated significantly elevated SCR for affective ToM as compared with cognitive ToM and control stories, with no differences in SCR levels in the latter two story types. We discuss the possible underlying mechanisms for these differential psychophysiological correlates of affective and cognitive ToM processing, and suggest further investigations especially in clinical populations
Neuropsychological and neural correlates of autobiographical deficits in a mother who killed her children
No full textKalbe E, Brand M, Thiel A, Kessler J, Markowitsch HJ. Neuropsychological and neural correlates of autobiographical deficits in a mother who killed her children. NEUROCASE. 2008;14(1):15-28.We report a case of a delusional patient who had killed two of her children in an attempted 'extended suicide'. She was convinced of a genetic defect that caused autobiographical memory and emotional deficits and made life 'senseless'. Neuropsychological tests revealed dysfunctions in remembering emotional details of personal episodes and theory of mind. Water positron emission tomography (O-15) with a paradigm used in a former study by Fink et al. (1996) with healthy controls elicited abnormal activations during autobiographical memory retrieval characterised by a lack of prefrontal and limbic activity. We conclude that these imaging findings reflect neural correlates of the self-reported and objectified autobiographical dysfunctions. Furthermore, they indicate that beliefs or prejudices may have a major impact on the brain's processing of the personal past
Cognitive estimation in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease and alcoholic Korsakoff patients
No full textBrand M, Kalbe E, Fujiwara E, Huber M, Markowitsch HJ. Cognitive estimation in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease and alcoholic Korsakoff patients. Neuropsychologia. 2003;41(5):575-584.Cognitive estimation is an important function in daily living. In early studies it was proposed that estimation deficits are associated with frontal lobe damage and executive dysfunctions. In this study, we assessed Alzheimer patients and patients with alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome with a newly developed cognitive estimation task. We compared their performance with respect to different dimensions of estimation ('size', 'weight', 'quantity', and 'time') and to various error types. Compared to healthy controls, both patient groups were strongly impaired in all tested estimation dimensions, with Alzheimer patients performing generally worse than Korsakoff patients, except for the dimension "time". Alzheimer as well as Korsakoff patients produced so-called 'bizarre errors' and errors in the choice of the correct unit of measurement. In both patient groups cognitive estimation correlated highly with general knowledge. The production of bizarre errors and unit errors correlated with general knowledge as well as with working memory and executive functions. Results support the main assumptions of a model of cognitive estimation, described in the discussion, that specific parts of the semantic memory system as well as executive functions, in form of a plausibility check of the generated answer, are involved in the process of cognitive estimation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
ANALISIS FUNDAMENTAL DAN NILAI INTRINSIK SAHAM DENGAN METODE FREE CASH FLOW TO EQUITY DAN RELATIVE VALUATION UNTUK PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI (STUDI KASUS PT KALBE FARMA TBK)
No full textThe purpose of this study is to find the intrinsic value of KLBF shares by identifying the company's external and internal factors and then continuing with the stock valuation process. The valuation method used is Free Cash Flow To Equity (FCFE) and relative valuation with the Price Earning Ratio (PER) approach. The results of the valuation of KLBF shares using the FCFE method obtained KLBF's intrinsic value of Rp 1005,-/share, while the market price of KLBF shares as of April 30, 2021 was Rp 1440,-/share. Thus, KLBF's share price was overvalued. Based on the valuation using the relative valuation method, the PER KLBF is 24.95 times, while the industry average PER is 20.09 times. Based on the results, the recommendation given is to sell or not buy KLBF shares, and if you want to buy KLBF shares you can wait when the price is undervalued.Keywords: fundamental analysis, intrinsik value, FCFE, relative valuationDAFTAR PUSTAKAAdam, Fahmi. (2020). 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