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Soybean isoflavone patterns in main stem and branches as affected by water and nitrogen supply
No full textSeveral isoflavones, such as genistein, daidzein, and their glucosyl and malonyl forms were detected
by HPLC–UV in cotyledons, together with glycitein forms in the hypocotyl of two 1-maturity class contrasting
soybean varieties (Ales with high isoflavone and low protein concentrations vs. Nikir, showing
opposite behaviour). Cultivation involved drip irrigation and rainfed conditions, factorially combined
with two levels of nitrogen supply (0 and 100 kg ha−1 at R1–R3 stages) at Legnaro (NE Italy) for two years
(2006–2007). Yield components and hypocotyl and cotyledon isoflavone concentrations were measured
in stems and branches separately.
Ales was confirmed as having a higher total cotyledon isoflavone concentration (TCIC) than Nikir, with
higher fractions of total daidzein in cotyledons and total glycitein in hypocotyl. In 2007, a 40% decline in
total hypocotyl isoflavone concentration (THIC) was observed compared with 2006, due to a higher daily
range temperature regime during seed filling.
Irrigation increased seed yield and protein, but its effect on TCIC was negligible. Irrigation reduced THIC
(∼8%) in the drier year (2007), perhaps due to greater hypocotyl weight (dilution effect) and lower fungal
disease attack. TCIC and THIC were generally increased by the unusual nitrogen fertilisation practice (TCIC
in year 2: 1.85 vs. 1.58 mg g−1), especially in Nikir.
The most important finding was a 24.4% cotyledon (1.54 vs. 1.96 mg g−1) and 4.2% hypocotyl (14.9 vs.
14.3 mg g−1) greater isoflavone concentration in seeds of branches compared with those of the main stem,
and this may have a practical application in sowing density.
It is currently concluded that nitrogen fertilisation improves the nutraceutical properties of soybean,
although its effect depends on the activity of the isoflavone biosynthetic pathway and the concurrent
extent of seed bulging
Intraspecific variability for soybean cotyledon isoflavones in different cropping and soil condidtions.
Get PDFCotyledon isoflavones, such as genistein, daidzein and their glucosyl and malonyl forms, were detected by HPLC-UV in 18 0- and 1-maturity class soybean varieties, cultivated under organic and conventional farming (3 years) and various soils (2 years) at Legnaro, NE Italy. Among varieties, the overall coefficient of variation for total cotyledon isoflavone concentration (TCIC) was 22%, and cluster analysis revealed three variety groups. Group L had 1.22 mg g(-1) TCIC (low) and 40.3% proteins: group H, mainly including black-hilum varieties, 2.10 mg g(-1) (high) and 39.2%, and group 11.77 mg g(-1) (intermediate) and 39.4%. Isoflavone profiles were similar in groups L and H (55% genistein and 45% daidzein aglycone equivalents), whereas group I had increased genistein (61%), which is recognised to have lower intestinal bioavailability (nutraceutics). Under organic management, a 2% protein increase (all groups) was associated with a 5-15% variety-dependent decrease - in groups H and I - and stable TCIC in group L Isoflavone accumulation was positively affected by rainfall and limited daily range temperature regimes during pod filling, and hail damage (year 2005). In the Nikir variety (maturity class 1), grown in four lysimeter soils, TCIC was negatively correlated with soil C/N ratio, partially explaining the worse TCIC in organic cultivation. Based on this relationship, TCIC followed the order clay-loam > silty-loam > organic > sandy, with a 64% difference between extremes
Soybean isoflavone patterns in main stem and branches as affected by water and nitrogen supply
No full textSeveral isoflavones, such as genistein, daidzein, and their glucosyl and malonyl forms were detected by HPLC–UV in cotyledons, together with glycitein forms in the hypocotyl of two 1-maturity class contrasting soybean varieties (Ales with high isoflavone and low protein concentrations vs. Nikir, showing opposite behaviour).
Cultivation involved drip irrigation and rainfed conditions, factorially combined with two levels of nitrogen supply (0 and 100 kg ha−1 at R1–R3 stages) at Legnaro (NE Italy) for two years (2006–2007). Yield components and hypocotyl and cotyledon isoflavone concentrations were measured in stems and branches separately.
Ales was confirmed as having a higher total cotyledon isoflavone concentration (TCIC) than Nikir, with higher fractions of total daidzein in cotyledons and total glycitein in hypocotyl. In 2007, a 40% decline in total hypocotyl isoflavone concentration (THIC) was observed compared with 2006, due to a higher daily range temperature regime during seed filling.
Irrigation increased seed yield and protein, but its effect on TCIC was negligible. Irrigation reduced THIC (∼8%) in the drier year (2007), perhaps due to greater hypocotyl weight (dilution effect) and lower fungal disease attack. TCIC and THIC were generally increased by the unusual nitrogen fertilisation practice (TCIC in year 2: 1.85 vs. 1.58 mg g−1), especially in Nikir.
The most important finding was a 24.4% cotyledon (1.54 vs. 1.96 mg g−1) and 4.2% hypocotyl (14.9 vs. 14.3 mg g−1) greater isoflavone concentration in seeds of branches compared with those of the main stem, and this may have a practical application in sowing density.
It is currently concluded that nitrogen fertilisation improves the nutraceutical properties of soybean, although its effect depends on the activity of the isoflavone biosynthetic pathway and the concurrent
extent of seed bulging
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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