1,170 research outputs found
Cyprus and Sardinia in the Late Bronze Age: Nuragic table ware at Hala Sultan Tekke
No full textIn the course of the Swedish excavations at Hala Sultan Tekke, Cyprus, table ware and domestic pottery of unknown provenance were discovered in offering pits dating to the 13th century BCE. These vessels comprise six hand-made and black burnished vessels, all of which have close typological parallels in the Nuragic culture of Sardinia. Comparative petrographic investigation confirmed their Sardinian provenance. Other archaeometric analyses include FTIR on the Cypriot and Sardinian material, and NAA on the Sardinian vessels from Hala Sultan Tekke. These vessels further extend the nature of intercultural relations of the site, which comprise a vast area including the Aegean, Anatolia, the Levant and Egypt. The paper presents the archaeometric results and briefly discusses their implication for Cypro-Sardinian connections in the Late Bronze Age
High urinary concentrations of activin A in asphyxiated full-term newborns with moderate or severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
No full textBackground: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of permanent neurological disabilities in full-term newborns. We measured activin A in urine collected immediately after birth in asphyxiated full-term newborns, and assessed the ability of the measurements to predict the occurrence of perinatal encephalopathy. Methods: We studied 30 infants with perinatal asphyxia and 30 healthy term neonates at the same gestational age. We recorded routine laboratory variables, cranial assessments by standard cerebral ultrasound, and the presence or absence of neurological abnormalities during the first 7 days after birth. Urinary activin A concentrations were measured at first urination and 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after birth. Results: Asphyxiated infants were subdivided as follows: group A (n = 18): no or mild HIE with good prognosis and group B (n = 12): moderate or severe HIE with a greater risk of neurological handicap. Activin A concentrations in urine collected at birth (median collection time at first urination <2 h) and at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h from birth were significantly (P [removed]0.08 μg/L at first urination in 10 of 12 patients with moderate or severe HIE but in none of 18 patients with no or mild HIE. Conclusions: Activin A measurements in urine soon after birth may be a promising tool to identify which asphyxiated infants are at risk of neurological sequelae. © 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry
CONFORMATION-SPECIFIC INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF -PEPTIDE FOLDAMERS: Ac--hPhe--hAla-NHMe AND Ac--hAla--hPhe-NHMe
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706IR/UV double-resonance spectroscopy has been used to study the intrinsic conformational preferences of naturally occurring and synthetic peptides. These studies demonstrated the power of double-resonance methods and highlighted the ability of even short peptide mimics to form a variety of intramolecular hydrogen bonded architectures. Currently, we are extending these studies to a series of model -peptides, which differ from -peptides by virtue of having two additional, substitutable methylene units separating amide groups in the peptide backbone. Initial studies centered on the conformation-specific infrared spectra of Ac--hPhe-NHMe, where three unique conformational isomers (two hydrogen-bonded and one intramolecular amide stacked) were observed under the isolated-molecule conditions of a jet-cooled environment. This talk will focus on on two larger -peptides, Ac--hPhe--hAla-NHMe and Ac--hAla--hPhe-NHMe. Utilizing resonant ion-dip infrared spectroscopy, the single-conformation infrared spectra of eight resolved conformers of the two molecules were recorded in the amide NH stretch region. The resulting infrared spectra of the tri-amides contain evidence for structures comprised of one, two, and three intramolecular amide-amide hydrogen bonds, the last of which is unprecedented for a tri-amide. In an effort to make firm conformational assignments, the spectroscopic data will be compared to the results of harmonic vibrational frequency calculations using traditional DFT and dispersion-corrected DFT methods, the results of which will be discussed
Recruitment Dynamics and Nursery Habitat Use of Fishes in Matagorda Bay, Texas
No full textRecruitment to and use of seagrass and saltmarsh habitats by post-settlement fishes has been linked to biological and physicochemical properties of the estuary during settlement and early life periods. The purpose of this study was to assess variation in abundance (density) and diversity of post-settlement fishes using these habitats in Matagorda Bay, a subtropical estuary on the Gulf Coast of Texas, and then determine environmental conditions that correspond to increased density and diversity. To do this, post-settlement fishes were sampled seasonally from each habitat in 2020 and 2021 using an epibenthic sled. Seagrass consistently had higher abundances of post-settlement fishes than saltmarsh, and the density of fishes in both habitats differed by season and year. Diverse assemblages were present in both seagrass and saltmarsh habitat and both diversity measures evaluated at the family level (taxonomic richness [TF] and Shannon diversity [H���]) differed significantly between seasons and years. Community structure also differed significantly between seagrass and saltmarsh habitat, and dissimilarity was influenced principally by shifts in families of fishes that use these nursery habitats seasonally (Sciaenidae [drums and croakers], Paralichthyidae [sand flounders], Gerreidae [mojarras], Syngnathidae [pipefishes and seahorses]) and highly abundant resident taxa that occur throughout the year (Gobiidae [gobies], Sparidae [porgies], and Fundulidae [killifishes]). Density, TF, and H��� were all significantly related to habitat type, dissolved oxygen, and distance to tidal pass. Density and H��� were related to salinity, year, and time of day, while density and TF were related to water temperature and turbidity. Lastly, both diversity indices were significantly related to tide height. Further study of species in the family Sciaenidae revealed species-specific differences in nursery habitat use that help explain observed shifts in density and diversity at the family level. This study identified conditions and areas of the estuary that support abundant and diverse assemblages of post-settlement fishes, and findings from this study will serve as a foundation for monitoring the health and stability of seagrass and saltmarsh nurseries in Matagorda Bay
Physiological and Behavioral Effects of Salt Stress on Juvenile American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)
No full textAmerican alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) inhabit freshwater wetlands but are vulnerable to salt stress during storm surges and droughts. Anthropogenic alterations to freshwater system hydrology, runoff of coal mine spoils, and road de-icing using salt can further contribute to salinization of freshwater habitats. Juvenile alligators are especially vulnerable to salt stress due to their thinner integument and lower mobility and ability to avoid saltwater. Little is known about how crocodilian physiological systems respond to environmental stressors such as salinity.
To better understand the effects of saltwater on alligators, juvenile alligators were exposed to 12��� saltwater for 5-week and 1-week periods and blood plasma biochemistry, components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, steroidogenesis, and behavior were assessed. Furthermore, to correlate findings in laboratory-based studies with conditions in the wild, juvenile male and female wild alligators in various salinities were opportunistically sampled each month excluding November, December, and January for one year at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge in coastal Louisiana.
Compared to freshwater-kept alligators, 5-week exposure to 12��� saltwater significantly elevated plasma corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 17��-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, estrone, 17��-estradiol, and estriol. Conversely, alligators exposed to 12��� saltwater for 1 week had significantly reduced estrone and 17��-estradiol, while corticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol were elevated and histology showed alterations in gonad tissues. Additionally, the progestogen 17��,20��-dihydroxypregnenone was significantly, positively correlated with environmental salinities wild juvenile male alligators were found in. Angiotensin II was significantly reduced after 5- and 1-week exposure, which correlated with low renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme expression in kidney and lung tissues of alligators exposed for 1 week. Na+ and Cl- were significantly elevated after 5- and 1-week exposure, which corresponded well with Na+ and Cl- being strongly, positively correlated with environmental salinities wild juvenile male alligators were found in. Additionally, saltwater-exposed alligators largely ceased feeding within 1 week and spent significantly less time basking compared with pre-salinity observations.
This dissertation demonstrates behavioral changes and time-dependent, dynamic changes in physiology of juvenile alligator exposed to saltwater. This work further shows significant correlation of environmental salinity with electrolyte levels and a sex steroid in wild juvenile alligators, and to my knowledge represents the first measurement of 17��,20��-dihydroxypregnenone in alligators
Nesocerus orbiculatus Krishnankutty & Dietrich 2011, SP. NOV.
No full textNESOCERUS ORBICULATUS SP. NOV. <p>(FIGS 3G, H, 7A–G)</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis:</i> This species is similar to <i>N. mananarensis</i> in habitus and in the abruptly bent pygofer posterodorsal process and slightly convex mesal margin of the subgenital plate. It can be separated by the following combination of characters: frontoclypeus with arc-shaped marking; male subgenital plate with apex abruptly curved dorsad; style with dorsal and ventral spine near apex and apical processes of aedeagus long and recurved.</p> <p> <i>Description:</i> Length of male, 4.5–4.8 mm; female, 5.3– 5.4 mm.</p> <p> <i>Coloration:</i> Crown with three black or brown markings; middle marking usually v-shaped, joining transverse irregular patch near anterior margin of face that extends to laterofrontal suture. Antennae with scape yellow, pedicel and flagellum light brown. Frontoclypeus with median longitudinal irregular black stripe surrounded by irregular black arc-shaped marking; clypeogenal sutures bordered by black stripe. Gena with black marking below antennal ledge. Clypellus bordered by broad black stripe except along apex, with yellow region along middle. Pronotum with numerous irregular black markings with median longitudinal narrow stripe. Mesonotum with pair of basal black triangle, usually with yellow region at middle and a pair of median black marking near scutellar suture. Scutellum with black macula. Forewing with claval vein white with alternate brown coloration. Fore and mid femur with lateral black stripes near base and apex, hind femur rarely with lateral black markings.</p> <p> <i>Structure:</i> Clypellus with sides concave, apex as wide as base, in profile slightly convex. Rostrum extending beyond mid coxae. Forewing with r-m1 crossvein present. Metatibial setal rows PD, AD, and AV with 15, eight to ten, and nine to 11 macrosetae, respectively.</p> <p> <i>Male genitalia:</i> Pygofer broad with posterodorsal process tapered, directed ventrad; posterolateral margin with short setae. Subgenital plates in lateral view depressed basally, apex abruptly bent dorsad, with short fine setae restricted to dorsum of apex; in ventral view widest near midlength, lateral margin broadly convex tapering to broadly round apex, macrosetae confined to distal two thirds along lateral and mesal margins. Style in lateral view with broad apodeme; apophysis sinuate in dorsal margin, nearly uniform in width, curved dorsad, apex slightly narrowed with large dorsal and short ventral spine. Connective in dorsal view semicircular, fused to preatrium of aedeagus. Aedeagus in lateral view with atrium narrow; socle well developed; shaft in lateral view slender, uniform in width along its length, curved slightly anterad; apex in posterior view bifurcated with long terminal processes, curved venterolaterad, then extending anterodorsad, in nearly complete circle in lateral view; gonopore apical on posterior surface of shaft.</p> <p> <i>Material examined:</i> Holotype male, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, Belle Vue at Talatakely, 1020 m, 21°15′59″S, 47°25′26″E, 22.–28.xi.2001, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, secondary forest, MA-02-09C-04 (CAS). <i>Paratypes</i>: one female, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, Belle Vue at Talatakely, 1020 m, 21°15′59″S, 47°25′26″E, 14.–23.iv.2002, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, secondary forest, MA-02-09C-25 (CAS); two males, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, Vohiparara at broken bridge, 1110 m, 21°13′34″S, 47°22′11″E, 4.–12.ii.2002, R. Harin’Hala, malaise trap in high altitude rainforest, MA-02-09A-15 (CAS, INHS); one male, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, Belle Vue at Talatakely, 1020 m, 21°15′59″S, 47°25′26″E, 24.vii.-4.viii.2002, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, secondary forest, MA-02-09C-36 (CAS); two females, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, radio tower at forest edge, 1130 m, 22°15′3″S, 47°24′25″E, 21.-24.ii.2001, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, mixed tropical forest, MA-02-09B-08 (CAS, INHS); one female, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, radio tower at forest edge, 1130 m, 22°15′3″S, 47°24′25″E, 12.–19.ii.2002, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, mixed tropical forest, MA-02-09B-16 (CAS); two females, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, Vohiparara at broken bridge, 1110 m, 21°13′34″S, 47°22′11″E, 28.xi.-6.xii.2001, R. Harin’Hala, malaise trap in high altitude rainforest, MA-02-09A-05 (CAS, INHS); one female, MADAGASCAR: Province Fianarantsoa, Parc National Ranomafana, radio tower at forest edge, 1130 m, 22°15′3″S, 47°24′25″E, 28.i.– 4.ii.2002, R. Harin’Hala, malaise, mixed tropical forest, MA-02-09B-14 (INHS).</p> <p> <i>Etymology:</i> The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word <i>orbiculatus</i> meaning circular, in reference to the curved lateral processes of the aedeagus.</p>Published as part of <i>Krishnankutty, Sindhu M. & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2011, Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of an endemic leafhopper genus Nesocerus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Idiocerinae) from Madagascar, pp. 499-543 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3)</i> on page 525, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00690.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5440663">http://zenodo.org/record/5440663</a>
Figs 2–9. Live specimens. 2–3. Pholcus phui Huber, 2011 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
No full textFigs 2–9. Live specimens. 2–3. Pholcus phui Huber, 2011, Hala Bala, ♂ and ♀ with egg-sac. 4–7. P. tanahrata Huber sp. nov., Cameron Highlands, ♂, penultimate ♂, and ♀. 8–9. P. uludong Huber sp. nov., Ulu Dong, ♂ and ♀.Published as part of Bernard A. Huber, Joseph K. H. Koh, Amir-Ridhwan M. Ghazali, Kamil A. Braima, Olga M. Nuñeza, Charles Leh Moi Ung & Booppa Petcharad, 2016, New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-45 in European Journal of Taxonomy 200 on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.200, http://zenodo.org/record/89721
Potential Anti-diarrhoeal Activity of Aqueous Root Extract of Hydnora abyssinica in Rats
No full textThis paper had been presented for promotion at the university of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at [email protected] study was designed to investigate potential anti-diarrhoeal activity of
the orally administrated water extract of Hydnora abyssinica roots to rats.
The potential activity of the extract was tested by faecal mass inhibition.
Twenty-four albino rats were divided into 5 groups (a control + 3 test
groups + loperamide group) receiving oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg
extract/kg body weight/rat, 3 mg loperamide (reference anti-diarrhoeal
drug)/kg body weight/rat and 1 ml/kg body weight/rat of normal saline
(control). All the rats were orally given, 30 minutes subsequent to extract administration, an acute diarrhoea inducer (1 ml castor oil/ kg body
weight/rat). The weight of faeces was recorded at 4 and 6 hours for
assessment of diarrhoeal inhibition. The extract showed a significant
(P≤0.05) anti-diarrhoeal activity against castor oil induced diarrhoea in all
rats at the 4th hrs post treatment with reduction rates of 46.78%, 63.21%
and 74.68% for the doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight,
respectively. The same doses recorded inhibition rates of 27.42%, 50.88%
and 60.13%, respectively, at the 6th hours post treatment. Serum samples
were taken at 4 and 24 hrs and analyzed for enzymatic activities of AST
and ALT, metabolic indicators, total protein, albumin, sodium, potassium
and calcium. Metabolic indicators, total protein, albumin, sodium,
potassium and calcium showed significant increase while calcium showed
significant decrease. The antidiarrhoeal effect produced by H. abyssinica
can be due to inhibition of prostaglandin, the diarrhoeal inducer or due to
antimotility and antisecretary activity of the plant extract. It is concluded
that the results support the claim of traditional practioners about the
therapeutic values of H. abyssinica for treatment of diarrhoea in
traditional medicine
Exercitationum Ethicarum Ad Lib. IIX. & IX. Ethic. Nicom. Arist. Decima, De Amicitia
No full textquam Praeside Friderico Cahleno, M. & P.L.C. Gymnas. Hall. Rectore ... pro virili defendet A.D. XVI. Febr. A.O.R. MCICLIX. H. Lq[ue] S. Johannes Chilianus Stisserus, Hala SaxoDissertationsjahr verdruckt, korrekt wäre: MDCLIX
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced thyroid dysfunction: A review of its incidence, pathophysiology, clinical relevance, and treatment
No full textTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) belong to a new class of molecular multitargeted anticancer therapy which targets different growth factor receptors and hence attenuates cancer cell survival and growth. Since their introduction as adjunct treatment for renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), a number of reports have demonstrated that TKI can induce thyroid dysfunction which was especially more common with sunitinib maleate. Many mechanisms with respect to this adverse effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been proposed including their induction of thyroiditis, capillary regression in the thyroid gland, antithyroid peroxidase antibody production, and their ability to decrease iodine uptake by the thyroid gland. Of interest is the observation that TKI-induced thyroid dysfunction may actually be protective as it was shown to improve overall survival, and it was suggested that it may have a prognostic value. Followup on thyroid function tests while patients are maintained on tyrosine kinase inhibitor is strongly recommended. 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