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Spiritual Voices: Antonia Pozzi, Cristina Campo, and Margherita Guidacci
My doctoral dissertation examines the relationship between the sacred and literature, explores how the Bible has influenced the literary production of Antonia Pozzi, Cristina Campo, and Margherita Guidacci, and reveals that each author had a distinctive way of dealing with the Sacred Book. In the first chapter I retrace the studies on the topic of Bible and Literature, and I show how literary critics only recently have begun to work intensively on them (in the past the "historical school" founded by De Sanctis and followed by Croce devoted few studies to the subject of the sacred and even so, only to those periods where the influence of the Scriptures was clear and indeed obvious, such as the Middle Ages and the Counter-Reformation). In the same chapter I explain my reason for deciding to study Pozzi, Campo, and Guidacci. These three authors share analogous biographical experiences and episodes that deeply influenced their lives (the presence of an authoritarian father, family losses, and sad love experiences). Moreover, their studies (specifically, European writers and philosophers) were of the same nature. I demonstrate that, although contemporary Italian literature is heterogeneous and varied, these three women astonishingly shared the same background that explains their concentration on the sacred. In the following chapter I consider the writers individually, in order to examine the path that led them to a dialogue with the religious and the sacred. In Pozzi, the sacred is something that lies beyond human understanding and, for all her attempts to reach it, she always fails due to her incapacity to fully free helself from human passions. In Campo and in Guidacci on the other hand, the sacred search is always consistent and, notwithstanding some missteps and second thoughts, they are able to basically fulfill their task. After the study of their ideas, in the last chapter I move to the poetical language used by these writers. It has been very interesting to see what is essentially the same vocabulary appearing again and again in our poets. As it is known, the biblical language is based on symbols that evoke a union between the contingent and the Absolute. Pozzi, Campo, and Guidacci were not only able to interpret the biblical symbology but they also used some of those terms in their poems; specifically I focused my attention on the recurrence of five words-symbols: assenza, deserto, nulla, fiore, luce (absence, desert, emptiness, flower, light). It is really significant that the writers in question use the same biblical symbols as poetical words: it is a vocabulary that ties together literary and religious experience. Their connection is also strengthened by the reference and the predilection for same specific books of the Bible, such as Job and The Lamentations of Jeremiah the Prophet for Pozzi, and the Gospels, Psalms, and The Song of Songs for Campo and Guidacci. In my analysis I show that already in the desert we can see the first signs of Pozzi's weakness: In this solitary place, where the soul must deal with herself to reach the emptying of earthly passions, Pozzi got lost and fell into the error of looking backwards, to the beloved she had left. On the other hand, Campo and Guidacci were able to reach the spiritual light, so their journey through biblical symbolism can be finally considered complete. In other words, Pozzi's path towards the Scripture is fulfilled piecemeal and never ends in it, while in Campo and Guidacci the Scripture becomes an integral part of their lives, so they are constantly enlightened by the Word of God, while Pozzi misses this Light and sinks into the darkness of death. Finally, considering the fact that they have been relatively isolated from the literary world until recently, I do not believe they were rejected by a misogynist society, but rather by the fact that those years were demanding an active social participation. The women treated here never made that choice, instead they dedicated themselves to the search for the sacred, an issue not "present" in the years in which they lived. So I think that it was this combination of poetic themes and lifestyle choices that excluded them. In conclusion my work, which could have considered many other poets, confirms the point of view from which I started: the theme of the sacred in the twentieth century literature does not seem to present itself as a school or current, but is characterized by its inevitable uniqueness so that each poetic experience is described for its extraordinary authenticity and uniqueness. If anything, we can talk about similarities and links between these poets based on common readings that provide the basis on which to develop their own religious experiences
Cristina Campo and the Reception of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński in Italy.
Among other records, the Archive of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński in Naples holds Cristina
Campo’s unpublished letters to him. The letters bear witness to a literary relation between the two
writers and intellectuals which began when "Pale d’altare", a volume of short stories by Herling-
Grudziński, was translated into Italian and published in Italy in 1960. Cristina Campo, a poet, essayist,
translator and prominent figure in 20 th -century Italian literature, was enthusiastic about Herling-
Grudziński’s volume. She comprehensively discussed it in an insightful review entitled ‘La torre
e l’isola,’ published in "Il Punto" in 1961. Her review marked Herling-Grudziński’s debut in Italy and
became a highly influential factor in the Italian reception of his literary works. The author himself
regarded it as one of the most important critical texts addressing his writings. The aim of my paper is
to highlight the relevance of Cristina Campo to the Italian reception of Herling-Grudziński’s works
and to illumine the relations between the Polish writer and his Italian critic through the unpublished
letters preserved in the Herling-Grudziński Archive. The paper also refers to other reviews of "Pale
d’altare", which were offered by Elèmire Zolla, Roberto Calasso, Margherita Guidacci and Leone
Traverso, associated with the same literary circle, and shows the impact of Campo’s enthusiasm on
some of these appraisals.Nell’Archivio di Gustaw Herling-Grudziński a Napoli sono conservate le lettere di
Cristina Campo allo scrittore che sono una testimonianza di una relazione letteraria nata tra loro
intorno alla raccolta di racconti di Gustaw Herling-Grudziński "Pale d’altare", tradotta in italiano
e pubblicata in Italia nel 1960. Cristina Campo, poetessa, saggista e traduttrice, una figura di grande
rilievo del Novecento letterario italiano, anche se ancora sconosciuta in ambito polacco, ha dedicato
all’opera di Herling-Grudziński una recensione intitolata "La torre e l’isola", pubblicata su “Il Punto”
nel 1961, fondamentale per la fortuna dell’opera di Herling-Grudziński in Italia e che lo scrittore
stesso ha considerato uno dei testi critici più importanti a lui dedicati. L’articolo si pone come
obiettivo di rendere conto del ruolo e dell’importanza di Cristina Campo nella ricezione dell’opera
di Gustaw Herling-Grudziński in Italia, nonché di presentare il rapporto che tra lo scrittore polacco
e la sua critica italiana attraverso le lettere inedite della Campo a Herling-Grudziński. Il contributo fa
riferimento anche a altri testi critici su "Pale d’altare", che furono scritti su stimolo della Campo, come
quelli di Elèmire Zolla, Roberto Calasso, Margherita Guidacci e Leone Traverso
Correction to: Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries? (Clinical and Translational Allergy, (2020), 10, 1, (16), 10.1186/s13601-020-00323-0)
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the affiliation list. The affiliation of author G. Walter Canonica should have been split up into two affiliations: • Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy – Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy • Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy The corrected affiliation list is reflected in this Correction. © 2020, The Author(s)
Spostamenti. Pulsione, Metodo, Tema
La realizzazione di una fermata della linea Alta Velocità in prossimità della cittadina di Grottaminarda, già baricentro del sistema di piccoli centri a ridosso della valle del fiume Ufita, insieme al corollario sistema di mobilità leggera, people mover, si pongono come pretesto per scoprire la cittadina da un punto di vista alternativo a quello proposto dai consolidati itinerari di accesso alla città.
Il caso studio di Grottaminarda, nelle modalità attraverso ha rappresentato l’occasione di sperimentare, attraverso lo spostamento dello sguardo, quell’esperienza di riconoscimento e scoperta che, nell’elidere il rischio di reiterare identità cristallizzate ed asfittiche, individua nuove gerarchie che assorbono, generando a loro volta, movimento
Pasquim, anos 70 & entrevista, um jogo de poder e sedução
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Literatura Brasileira
Correction to: Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries? (Clinical and Translational Allergy, (2020), 10, 1, (16), 10.1186/s13601-020-00323-0)
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the affiliation list. The affiliation of author G. Walter Canonica should have been split up into two affiliations: • Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy – Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy • Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy The corrected affiliation list is reflected in this Correction. © 2020, The Author(s)
