1,720,976 research outputs found
Effetti della struttura del testo e dell'interesse sul cambiamento concettuale.
No full textQuesto studio esamina l’effetto della struttura del testo sull’apprendimento della teoria della selezione naturale di Darwin in 125 studenti di terza media con diverso grado di interesse per l’argomento trattato. I partecipanti sono stati assegnati a due condizioni sperimentali: lettura di un testo con struttura espositiva tradizionale (gruppo di controllo) o lettura di un testo con struttura confutazionale (gruppo sperimentale) che esplicita le differenze fra le loro misconcezioni e la conoscenza scientifica da acquisire, evidenziando i limiti delle prime. Gli studenti che hanno letto il testo confutazionale hanno prodotto maggiore cambiamento concettuale al post-test immediato, nonché un più elevato livello di consapevolezza metaconcettuale. Il grado di interesse per l’argomento non è risultato influire sulla ristrutturazione delle conoscenze. Lo stesso pattern di risultati è stato rilevato anche al post-test differito
The environmental and anthropogenic hazards of monuments: visualization procedure by IR thermography and numerical modelling
No full textThe indoor microclimate is very often the major hazard issue for the conservation of heritage buildings, including wall and wood paintings. In many cases the heating devices are requested inside the monuments, but it is difficult to forecast the long term effect on precious work of arts. Generally, the long term monitoring of the air temperature and relative humidity, coupled to visual inspection and photographic recording is the way adopted for safeguarding the monument. Sometime, additional methods are applied as for example IR thermography, but not on regular basis, due to lack of precise procedure and standards. Furthermore, the cost is a limiting factor to only a few case studies.
The proposed approach is to make such a crucial phase for the monument life: fruitful, cost effective and reliable. It is based on two steps: at first a short run monitoring using a new Quantitative IR Thermography (QIRT) technique; then the modeling of different occupancy policies and Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) solutions. An additional step could be added for verifying of the plant efficiency and tuning it. In this context, the use of numerical codes is a useful tool. In fact a numerical simulation allows the calculation of the indoor parameters in a large number of internal points, also because of the performances of modern computers.
The aim of this work is to set up an investigation method allowing the prediction of the best indoor conditions for the preservation of the frescos and the correct utilization. The case study is a typical example of these problems bound to the fresco's maintenance, a small church with a precious XIII century fresco, San Biagio, near Treviso in the North-East of Italy. The reported example presents a synergetic effect of results obtained by measurements and by a numerical study. Actually, a precise evaluation of the equilibrium conditions between microclimate and the materials must drive the design of any intervention, including on-off heating of the buiding or intermittent occupancy policy. The Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), supported by a totally new thermographic technique allows investigating the presence of excess moisture on the materials
On warm conceptual change: The interplay of text, epistemological beliefs, and topic interest.
No full textThe aim of this study was to go further than considering only cognitive factors to extend the understanding of the complex, dynamic underlying knowledge revision processes. Fifth graders were assigned to 2 reading conditions. Participants in 1 condition read a refutational text about light, whereas participants in the other read a traditional text. Within each reading condition, students had more or less advanced beliefs about scientific knowledge (complex and evolving vs. simple and certain), as well as high or low topic interest. Overall findings from pretest to immediate and delayed posttests showed that knowledge revision was affected by several interactions among the variables examined. Students who attained the highest scores at both the immediate and delayed posttests were those who had read the refutational text and had high topic interest, as well as more advanced beliefs about scientific knowledge. In particular, the refutational text was more powerful in prompting a restructuring of alternative conceptions about 2 of the 3 light phenomena examined. In addition, students preferred the innovative text to the traditional textbook text
Effects of epistemological beliefs and learning text structure on conceptual change.
No full textThis study focuses on a personal and an instructional variable that may affect conceptual change, which has been investigated separately in previous research: epistemological beliefs and learning text structure. Eighth graders were assigned to an experimental condition to read a refutational text and a control condition to read a normal expository text. Both texts introduced the same concepts on natural selection and biological evolution but the former activated and challenged students’ alternative conceptions about them. Within each condition there were students with more or less advanced beliefs about one dimension of their personal epistemology, that is, beliefs in the uncertainty and complexity vs. the certainty and simplicity of knowledge. The findings from pre to immediate and delayed posttests show that both variables affect knowledge revision, as reflected in explanations, in favor of reading the refutational text and also in favor of holding more sophisticated beliefs about the nature of knowledge. Moreover, a significant interaction between the two factors favored the students who had read the refutational text and believed more in complex and uncertain knowledge. A compensation effect between less mature epistemological beliefs and refutational text also emerged. Learners’ metaconceptual awareness of changes in their own conceptions was related to both variables
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
IR Thermography of Ancient Art Monuments
No full textBoth passive and active methods of infrared thermography have been used to analyze air/wall temperature and humidity, as well as wall fresco defects, in two Italian churches. Results of experimental analysis and numerical simulation are presented
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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