1,720,960 research outputs found
The anaphylactic release of platelet-activating factor from perfused guinea-pig lungs.
No full textThe release of platelet-activating factor (Paf-acether) and of its inactive precursor/metabolite lyso-platelet activating factor (lyso-Paf) from control and sensitized guinea-pig isolated lungs challenged with antigen was investigated. Control guinea-pig lungs perfused either through the pulmonary circulation or through the airways and challenged with antigen did not release Paf-acether. Sensitized guinea-pig isolated lungs perfused through the pulmonary circulation and challenged with antigen released lyso-Paf but not Paf-acether. Sensitized guinea-pig isolated lungs perfused through the airways and challenged with antigen released three times more lyso-Paf and also Paf-acether. These results support a possible role for Paf-acether in respiratory anaphylaxis in the guinea-pig
Anaphylactic release of platelet activating factor acether and eicosanoids from lungs of guinea pigs sensitized to ovalbumin aerosol.
No full textRelease of PAF-acether and eicosanoids from guinea-pig alveolar macrophages by FMLP: effect of cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibition.
No full textAdherent guinea-pig alveolar macrophages stimulated in vitro with FMLP (1 microM) for 5-60 min released PAF-acether, TXB2 and LTB4, with maximal levels being achieved after a 5 min incubation. The levels of eicosanoids were maintained during the 60 min incubation period, whereas the levels of PAF-acether decreased and were no longer detectable after 60 min incubation. Indomethacin (1 microM) completely suppressed the release of TXB2 stimulated by FMLP (1 microM for 5 min) whilst potentiating the release of LTB4. The selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, BW A137C (1 microM), abolished the stimulated release of LTB4 without affecting the release of TXB2. BW755C (1-20 microM) caused a dose-related inhibition of TXB2 release but did not affect LTB4 release, while none of the drugs studied affected the release of PAF-acether. These results indicate that the FMLP-induced release of PAF-acether from guinea-pig alveolar macrophages is not susceptible to modulation by selective inhibition of lipoxygenase or cyclo-oxygenase and is therefore not secondary to the synthesis of LTB4 or TXB2
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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