1,721,032 research outputs found
An approach to monitoring and assessing ecosystem health: socioeconomic situation,water quality and human health in Khumbu Valley (Nepal)
No full textUniversity of California, Genetic Resources Conservation Program,Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of age on EEG arousals in normal sleep.
No full textEEG arousals were quantified in 40 nocturnal polysomnographic recordings belonging to four age groups (teenagers: 10 to 19 years; young adults: 20 to 39 years; middle-aged: 40 to 59 years; elderly: > or = 60 years). Ten subjects (five males and five females) participated in each group. The subjects were healthy and sound sleepers. All sleep recordings were preceded by an adaptation night which aimed at excluding the presence of sleep-related disorders. The recordings were carried out in a partially soundproof recording chamber and in a standard laboratory setting. Arousal indices (AI), defined as the number of arousals per hour of sleep, were calculated for total sleep time (AI/TST) and for all the sleep stages. AI/TST increased linearly with age (r = 0.852; p < 0.00001): teenagers (13.8), young adults (14.7), middle-aged (17.8), elderly (27.1). An age-related positive linear correlation was found also for the arousal indices referred to NREM sleep (r = 0.811; p < 0.00001) and to stages 1 and 2 (r = 0.712; p < 0.00001), while in stages 3 and 4 and in REM sleep, arousal indices showed stable values across the ages. Overall, arousals lasted 14.9 +/- 2.3 seconds, with arousal duration stable across the ages (range of means: 13.3-16.6 seconds) and no relevant differences between NREM sleep (14.6 +/- 2.5 seconds) and REM sleep (16.2 +/- 5 seconds). The paper discusses the impact of age on arousals, the similarities between arousals and the phases d'activation transitoire, and the consideration that arousals are physiological components of sleep
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Continuous Flow Telescoped Synthesis of Levetiracetam
No full textLevetiracetam is one of the best sold antiepileptic drugs, and many efforts are done for the development of sustainable synthesis providing it. To develop innovative synthetic strategies, photocatalysis and flow chemistry emerges as victorious strategies. In this work, we report the development of a continuous flow telescoped process for the synthesis of Levetiracetam. The telescoped process is divided in three different stages, that are all merged in a single continuous process. In the first step the γ-lactam moiety is added to a cheap starting aldehyde through a photocatalytic strategy that enables the direct stereoselective introduction of the lactam ring, via nitrogen radicals. To the best of our knowledge, in the literature no example of nitrogen radical localized on lactam rings is described [1]: the innovative strategy proposed in this work, that combines photocatalysis and organocatalysis, was developed in our research group [2] by taking inspiration from a work of MacMillan and coworkers [3]. The desired aldehyde is obtained in a good yield and excellent enantiomeric excess. In the second stage, the continuous stream resulting from the first reaction stage is purified, using an in-line separator. Finally, in the third stage, the obtained aldehyde is oxidized to the corresponding amide, that represents the target compound itself.
Levetiracetam is achieved in a continuous telescoped process, with productivities and space-time yields improved respect to the corresponding conventional batch procedure, exploiting an innovative synthetic methodology not known in literature.
1 J. Davies, S. P. Morcillo, J. J. Douglas, D. Leonori, Chem. Eur. J., 2018, 24, 12154-12163.
2 M. Boselli, N. Intini, A. Puglisi, L. Raimondi, S. Rossi, M. Benaglia, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2023, e202201309.
3 G. Cecere, C. M. König, J. L. Alleva, D. W. C. MacMillan, JACS, 2013, 135, 11521-11524
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