1,720,955 research outputs found
Effect of Flour, Gelatin and Salt on Water Status of Tomato Sauce
No full textTomato pulp was added with flour, gelatin, and salt (and their binary and ternary mixtures), to obtain tomato sauces with different formulations. Water status of the mixes was characterized at different time-space levels by means of water activity, moisture content and 1H rotational and translational molecular mobility (low resolution 1H NMR, 1H D and 1H T2 relaxation times distributions). The effect of different ingredients and water status was very different on macroscopic and molecular indicators. In particular, moisture content decreased with addition of all ingredients, as expected, while water activity was significantly reduced only when salt was added into the formulation by itself or together with flour and/or gelatin. At a molecular level, flour was the most effective ingredient in reducing proton rotational mobility (1H T2 relaxation time), while gelatin further increased proton molecular mobility as compared to the standard. Proton translational mobility was reduced with the addition of all ingredients, more effectively in the presence of gelatin and flour. It is interesting to point out the different molecular dynamics developed by these two thickening agents although their similar macroscopic effect in tomato sauce. Changes in formulation strongly affected water status at all time-space levels investigated in a complex manner, and the effect of each single ingredient should be carefully considered in the production of tomato sauces as it can affect product properties and stability
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Water dynamics of ready to eat shelf stable pasta meals during storage
No full textThis work reports for the first time a study of physico-chemical changes in cooked and sterilized pasta meals (pasta 25% and sauce 75%) during 34 days of storage. Water dynamics were studied with a multi-analytical and multidimensional approach: moisture content, water activity and 1H mobility (1H T2 and T1 relaxation times and 1H self diffusion coefficient [D]) have been considered.
Macroscopic structure (hardness) of pasta meals became softer during storage. Moisture content and water activity changes did not highlight a macroscopic water migration between the pasta and sauce phases.1H T2 was found to decrease in pasta and more markedly in sauce during storage while 1H T1 increased the mobility in pasta and decreased in sauce. 1H translational mobility (D) was found to decrease more significantly in sauce than in pasta during storage. A water migration between the pasta and sauce phases observable at molecular level was therefore hypothesized
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