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Traditional versus resisted sprint training in highly-trained, female team handball players: effects on performance and muscle architecture
No full textPhysical factors are an important aspect of handball, however, research regarding
training methods for handball players are scare. Resisted sprint training is a method
often used to improve acceleration, an important factor for performance in handball.
The purpose of this master thesis is to compare the effects of resistance sprint training
(RST) against traditionally sprint training (TST) in semi-professional, female handball
players on sprint performance, and to determine whether these effects are reflected in
muscle architectural measurements.
A group of semi-professional female handball players (n=18) was assigned to either
RST group (sled towing, with 12.4±0.2 % of body mass) or TST group matched on 10-
m sprint performance. The participants completed two sprint sessions per week for 10
weeks. Sessions included 10-m and 20-m sprints, with a total sprint distance of 240-280
m per session, equal for both groups. Sprint tests (10-m and 30-m), vertical and
horizontal jumps, 20-m shuttle run test and muscle architecture were performed pre- and
post-training.
Beneficial effects were found in 30-m sprint test for both groups (TST=-0.31±0.19 s,
RST=-0.16±0.13 s; mean±90% CL). Only TST had a beneficial effect on 10-m time
(-0.04±0.04 s, ES=0.51). Pennation angle decreased for both groups (-6.0 % ± 3.3 ES:
0.38 for TST and -2.8 % ± 2.0 ES: 0.19 for RST), which had a nearly perfect correlation
with percentage change in sprint performance (r=0.92). A small increase in fascicle
length (5.3±3.9 %, ES=0.26 and 4.0±2.1 %, ES=0.46 for TST and RST, respectively)
was also found. Both groups obtained a small beneficial effect for agility performance
(TST: -1.7 ± 1.9 %, ES=0.46 and RST: 1.2 ± 0.8 %, ES=0.28)
Sprint training was highly effective in enhancing short distance (10-30 m) sprints in
female handball players, and TST appeared to be more effective than RST. A similar,
yet small, effect of sprint training on muscle architecture was observed in both groups,
possibly reflecting velocity-specific adaptation, present in concurrently training athletes
Traditional versus resisted sprint training in highly-trained, female team handball players: effects on performance and muscle architecture
Get PDFMasteroppgave - Norges idrettshøgskole, 2014Physical factors are an important aspect of handball, however, research regarding
training methods for handball players are scare. Resisted sprint training is a method
often used to improve acceleration, an important factor for performance in handball.
The purpose of this master thesis is to compare the effects of resistance sprint training
(RST) against traditionally sprint training (TST) in semi-professional, female handball
players on sprint performance, and to determine whether these effects are reflected in
muscle architectural measurements.
A group of semi-professional female handball players (n=18) was assigned to either
RST group (sled towing, with 12.4±0.2 % of body mass) or TST group matched on 10-
m sprint performance. The participants completed two sprint sessions per week for 10
weeks. Sessions included 10-m and 20-m sprints, with a total sprint distance of 240-280
m per session, equal for both groups. Sprint tests (10-m and 30-m), vertical and
horizontal jumps, 20-m shuttle run test and muscle architecture were performed pre- and
post-training.
Beneficial effects were found in 30-m sprint test for both groups (TST=-0.31±0.19 s,
RST=-0.16±0.13 s; mean±90% CL). Only TST had a beneficial effect on 10-m time
(-0.04±0.04 s, ES=0.51). Pennation angle decreased for both groups (-6.0 % ± 3.3 ES:
0.38 for TST and -2.8 % ± 2.0 ES: 0.19 for RST), which had a nearly perfect correlation
with percentage change in sprint performance (r=0.92). A small increase in fascicle
length (5.3±3.9 %, ES=0.26 and 4.0±2.1 %, ES=0.46 for TST and RST, respectively)
was also found. Both groups obtained a small beneficial effect for agility performance
(TST: -1.7 ± 1.9 %, ES=0.46 and RST: 1.2 ± 0.8 %, ES=0.28)
Sprint training was highly effective in enhancing short distance (10-30 m) sprints in
female handball players, and TST appeared to be more effective than RST. A similar,
yet small, effect of sprint training on muscle architecture was observed in both groups,
possibly reflecting velocity-specific adaptation, present in concurrently training athletes.Seksjon for fysisk prestasjonsevne / Department of Physical Performanc
Forskjellen i avstand mellom sentrale forsvarsspillere etter balltap og motstanders scoringssjanse
No full textSammendrag
Mål: Målet med denne studien var å undersøke om avstanden mellom sentrale forsvarsspillere kort tid etter at et lag har mistet ballbesittelse, var forskjellig når laget slapp til en målsjanse fra motstander sammenlignet med når laget ikke ga fra slapp til en målsjanse.
Metode: Denne studien undersøkte sentrale forsvarsspillere under fotballkamper, med fokus på deres posisjoner umiddelbart etter ballbesittelsestap, 10 sekunder senere og innenfor et 5-10 sekunders intervall og sett i sammenheng med mulige sjanser imot. Data ble samlet inn ved hjelp av globale satellittnavigasjonssystem-enheter (Catapult Vector S7, Catapult Sports, Australia) og analysedata fra Wyscout (Wyscout Platform, 2018). Datasettet ble kategorisert i tre grupper basert på økende avstand: lav avstand-gruppen, middels avstand-gruppen og høy avstand-gruppen.
Resultater: Det var en signifikant forskjell for når laget slapp til en sjanse og når man ikke slapp til en sjanse 17% av hendelsene som ble undersøkt førte til en målsjanse. Oddsratio viste at det var 12 ganger høyere sannsynlighet for å gi fra seg en målsjanse i høy avstand-gruppen sammenlignet med lav avstand-gruppen.
Diskusjon: Sentrale forsvarsspillere bør strebe etter å ha og opprettholde kort avstand mellom seg umiddelbart etter ballbesittelsestap for å forhindre målsjanser.
Nøkkelord: fotball, taktisk analyse, forsvarsspill, kontringAim: The aim of this study was to investigate if the distance between central defenders shortly after a team’s loss of ball possession differed when the team conceded a goal scoring opportunity compared to when the team did not concede a goal scoring opportunity.
Method: This study central defenders during soccer matches, specifically focusing on their positions immediately after loss of ball, 10 seconds later and within a 5-10 second interval and if there were a goal scoring opportunity. Data were collected using Global Navigation Satellite Systems units (Catapult Vector S7, Catapult Sports, Australia) and analysis data from Wyscout (Wyscout Platform, 2018). The dataset was categorized into three groups based on ascending distance: low distance group, medium distance group, and high distance group.
Results: There was a significant difference when comparing the distance between defenders when conceding a GSO and when preventing a GSO. 17% of the investigated events led to a goal scoring opportunity. The odds ratio showed that there were 12 times higher odds of conceding a goal scoring opportunity in the high distance group compared to low distance group.
Discussion: Central defenders should strive to have and maintain a short distance between them shortly after loss of ball possession to prevent a goal scoring opportunity.
Keywords: Football, tactical analysis, defending, counterattac
Physical demands in elite female team handball : Analyses of high intensity events in match and training data via inertial measurement units
No full textDevelopments in tracking technology have made it possible to get more accurate insights into the physical demands of team sports, including indoor sports where global navigation satellite systems cannot be used. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the physical demands of female team handball players using inertial measurement units (IMUs), and to validate a commercially available local positioning system (LPS) for indoor use.
In total, 75 handball players took part in the four studies (Studies I-IV), including participants at international, national and lower levels. To examine the reliability of IMUs for measuring physical activity in team handball, a between-devices setup was used (Study I). In study II, an observational design was used to investigate the physical demands in female team handball players in international matches. Study III aimed to investigate the physical demands of game-based training (3vs3 and 6vs6), and compare them to official matches. This was done by observation of prescribed training drills, and official matches. In study IV, the validity of an LPS was investigated. The LPS was compared to an infrared light-based camera system, in indoor conditions. Studies I-III all included the use of IMU (OptimEye S5, Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia), containing an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer, all collecting data at 100 Hz. In all studies, the participants wore the IMU in a manufacturer-supplied vest. In studies II and III players were categorized into four different playing positions: backs, wings, pivots, and goalkeepers (GKs). The raw data from the IMUs were converted into the variables PlayerLoad™ and high intensity events (HIEs) using the manufacturer’s software. All HIEs >2.5 m∙s-1 were included in the studies. In study I, the magnitude of HIE was investigated, in addition to variations of the metric PlayerLoad™. In study IV, the LPS (Catapult ClearSky T6, Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia) was investigated. Two-dimensional position data were used to calculate distance and instantaneous speed
Physical demands in elite female team handball : Analyses of high intensity events in match and training data via inertial measurement units
Get PDFAvhandling (doktorgrad) - Norges idrettshøgskole, 2018Developments in tracking technology have made it possible to get more accurate insights into the physical demands of team sports, including indoor sports where global navigation satellite systems cannot be used. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the physical demands of female team handball players using inertial measurement units (IMUs), and to validate a commercially available local positioning system (LPS) for indoor use.
In total, 75 handball players took part in the four studies (Studies I-IV), including participants at international, national and lower levels. To examine the reliability of IMUs for measuring physical activity in team handball, a between-devices setup was used (Study I). In study II, an observational design was used to investigate the physical demands in female team handball players in international matches. Study III aimed to investigate the physical demands of game-based training (3vs3 and 6vs6), and compare them to official matches. This was done by observation of prescribed training drills, and official matches. In study IV, the validity of an LPS was investigated. The LPS was compared to an infrared light-based camera system, in indoor conditions. Studies I-III all included the use of IMU (OptimEye S5, Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia), containing an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer, all collecting data at 100 Hz. In all studies, the participants wore the IMU in a manufacturer-supplied vest. In studies II and III players were categorized into four different playing positions: backs, wings, pivots, and goalkeepers (GKs). The raw data from the IMUs were converted into the variables PlayerLoad™ and high intensity events (HIEs) using the manufacturer’s software. All HIEs >2.5 m∙s-1 were included in the studies. In study I, the magnitude of HIE was investigated, in addition to variations of the metric PlayerLoad™. In study IV, the LPS (Catapult ClearSky T6, Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia) was investigated. Two-dimensional position data were used to calculate distance and instantaneous speed.Paper I: Luteberget, L. S., Holme, B. R., & Spencer, M. (2017). Reliability of Wearable Inertial Measurement Units to Measure Physical Activity in Team Handball. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 32, 1–24. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0036 – in pressPaper II: Luteberget, L. S., & Spencer, M. (2017). High Intensity Events in International Female Team Handball Matches. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12, 56–61. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0641Paper III: Wik, E. H., Luteberget, L. S., & Spencer, M. (2017). Activity Profiles in International Female Team Handball Using PlayerLoad TM. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(7), 934–942. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0732Paper IV: Luteberget, L. S., Trollerud, H. P., & Spencer, M. (2017). Physical demands of game-based training drills in women’s team handball. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–7. doi: 1080/02640414.2017.1325964Paper V: Luteberget, L. S., Spencer, M., & Gilgien, M. (2018). Validity of the Catapult ClearSky T6 Local Positioning System for Team Sports Specific Drills, in Indoor Conditions. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 115. doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00115Seksjon for fysisk prestasjonsevne / Department of Physical Performanc
High-intensity events in international women’s team handball matches
No full textPurpose: International women’s team handball is a physically demanding sport and is intermittent in nature. The aim of the study was to profile high-intensity events (HIEs) in international women’s team handball matches with regard to playing positions. Methods: Twenty female national-team handball players were equipped with inertial movement units (OptimEye S5, Catapult Sports, Australia) in 9 official international matches. Players were categorized in 4 different playing positions: backs, wings, pivots, and goalkeepers (GKs). PlayerLoad™, accelerations (Acc), changes of direction (CoD), decelerations (Dec), and the sum of the latter 3, HIEs, were extracted from raw-data files using the manufacturer’s software. All Acc, Dec, CoD, and HIEs >2.5 m/s were included. Data were log-transformed and differences were standardized for interpretation of magnitudes and reported with effect-size statistics. Results: Mean numbers of events were 0.7 ± 0.4 Acc/min, 2.3 ± 0.9 Dec/min, and 1.0 ± 0.4 CoD/min. Substantial differences between playing positions, ranging from small to very large, were found in the 3 parameters. Backs showed a most likely greater frequency for HIE/min (5.0 ± 1.1 HIE/min) than all other playing positions. Differences between playing positions were also apparent in PlayerLoad/min. Conclusion: HIEs in international women’s team handball are position specific, and the overall intensity depends on the positional role within a team. Specific HIE and intensity profiles from match play provide useful information for a better understanding of the overall game demands and for each playing position
Validation methods for global and local positioning-based athlete monitoring systems in team sports: a scoping review
No full textBackground/Objective: Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and local positioning systems (LPS) are to date common tools to measure external training load in athletes. The aim of this scoping review was to map out and critically appraise the methods used to validate different GNSS and LPS used in team sports. Method: A total of 48 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The reference systems applied in the validations, and the parameters investigated were extracted from the studies. Results: The results show a substantial range of reference systems used to validate GNSS and LPS and a substantial number of investigated parameters. The majority of the validation studies have employed relatively simple field-based research designs, with use of measure tape/known distance as reference measure for distance. Timing gates and radar guns were frequently used as reference system for average and peak speed. Fewer studies have used reference system that allow for validation of instantaneous dynamic position, such as infrared camera-based motion capture systems. Conclusions: Because most validation studies use simple and cost-effective reference systems which do not allow to quantify the exact path athletes travel and hence misjudge the true path length and speed, caution should be taken when interpreting the results of validation studies, especially when comparing results between studies. Studies validating instantaneous dynamic position-based measures is warranted, since they may have a wider application and enable comparisons both between studies and over time
High-intensity events in international women’s team handball matches
Get PDFI Brage finner du siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på journals.humankinetics.com / In Brage you'll find the final text version of the article, and it may contain insignificant differences from the journal's pdf version. The definitive version is available at journals.humankinetics.comPurpose: International women’s team handball is a physically demanding sport and is intermittent in nature. The aim of the study was to profile high-intensity events (HIEs) in international women’s team handball matches with regard to playing positions. Methods: Twenty female national-team handball players were equipped with inertial movement units (OptimEye S5, Catapult Sports, Australia) in 9 official international matches. Players were categorized in 4 different playing positions: backs, wings, pivots, and goalkeepers (GKs). PlayerLoad™, accelerations (Acc), changes of direction (CoD), decelerations (Dec), and the sum of the latter 3, HIEs, were extracted from raw-data files using the manufacturer’s software. All Acc, Dec, CoD, and HIEs >2.5 m/s were included. Data were log-transformed and differences were standardized for interpretation of magnitudes and reported with effect-size statistics. Results: Mean numbers of events were 0.7 ± 0.4 Acc/min, 2.3 ± 0.9 Dec/min, and 1.0 ± 0.4 CoD/min. Substantial differences between playing positions, ranging from small to very large, were found in the 3 parameters. Backs showed a most likely greater frequency for HIE/min (5.0 ± 1.1 HIE/min) than all other playing positions. Differences between playing positions were also apparent in PlayerLoad/min. Conclusion: HIEs in international women’s team handball are position specific, and the overall intensity depends on the positional role within a team. Specific HIE and intensity profiles from match play provide useful information for a better understanding of the overall game demands and for each playing position.Seksjon for fysisk prestasjonsevne / Department of Physical Performanc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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