1,721,087 research outputs found
Perbaikan Proses Minuman Jelly Luo Han Guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) untuk Peningkatan Umur Simpan
Full text linkMinuman jelly luo han guo merupakan jenis minuman yang menyegarkan dan mempunyai manfaat bagi kesehatan. Namun dalam proses pengolahannya, permasalahan masa simpan merupakan hal paling umum ditemukan pada industri kecil dan menengah. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formula dan proses pengolahan terbaik untuk memperoleh minuman luo han guo yang memiliki konsistensi gel yang baik dan masa simpan yang lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbaikan proses dalam bentuk reformulasi dengan pengkombinasian bahan tambahan pangan asam sitrat, penggantian kemasan, serta modifikasi proses produksi. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan perubahan komposisi pada bahan pembuat minuman luo han guo, mengganti jenis kemasan, dan melibatkan proses pasteurisasi pada pembuatan minuman jelly luo han guo. Produk minuman jelly luo han guo terbaik dikemas botol kaca, karena sampai hari ke-13, baik penyimpanan suhu kamar maupun suhu dingin, dari aroma dan rasa masih normal dibandingkan dengan PET cold fill dan hot fill. Dari segi formulasi, yang terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan luo han guo powder dan jelly powder sampel B, serta dengan penambahan asam sitrat. Penyimpanan produk minuman jelly luo han guo sampai penyimpanan 42 hari masih dalam keadaan baik dilihat dari kriteria mikrobiologi maupun warna
Prediction of the sweetening effect of Siraitia grosvenorii (luo han guo) fruits by two-dimensional quantitative NMR
Full text linkDuring the last decade, dried fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii (luo han guo), also known as monk fruit, have become popular food ingredients. Luo han guo extracts, which are promoted as non-caloric natural sweeteners, are now incorporated into dietary supplements, soft drinks, and energy shakes. The compounds responsible for the sweetening effect are glycosylated cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, the so-called mogrosides. However, of the more than 40 known mogroside compounds, only 11-α-hydroxy-mogrosides exhibit a sweetening effect, whereas the other triterpenoids are non- or bitter-tasting. We have used two-dimensional quantitative NMR to determine selectively the content of 11-α-hydroxy-mogrosides in these dried fruits and thus to predict their sweetening potential. Homonuclear (H,H COSY) and heteronuclear (HSQC) methods were developed, validated, and compared. Both techniques were found suitable for the quality control of luo han guo fruits and extracts, the COSY experiment being advantageous with regard to accuracy, precision, and limit of quantification
Effects of different drying and processing methods on vitamin C, color, phenolics, antioxidant activity, and mogroside V of Luo Han Guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) drink
No full textLuo Han Guo fruit (LHG), native to Guangxi province of China, is rich in mogrosides, polyphenols, vitamins, and many other nutrients. Drying and processing methods are known to impact the final quality of food product. In this study, traditional hot-air dried Luo Han Guo (HAD-LHG) and low temperature-vacuum dried Luo Han Guo (LTVD-LHG) fruit samples were used to make Luo Han Guo aqueous drink that was subjected to high hydrostatic pressure processing (HHPP) and thermal pasteurization. Unpasteurized LHG drinks were used as controls. Color, vitamin C, total phenolic content, mogroside V content, and cellular antioxidant activity in HepG2 cells were measured and analyzed for the LHG drinks. Results showed that pH values of original LHG aqueous drink were highly affected by the drying methods of LHG fruit. HAD-LHG drink had pH values of 4.4 - 4.8, while pH values of LTVD-LHG were around 5.8 - 6.1. No significant differences of color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, hue, browning index) of LHG drink were found after treated by HHPP or thermal pasteurization. Whereas color indices were greatly affected by drying methods of LHG. The color of HAD-LHG drink was dark brown, and the color of LTVD-LHG drink was light yellow. The browning index of HAD-LHG drink (199 ± 8) was much higher than that of LTVD-LHG drink (21 ± 5). Drying methods of LHG fruit largely affected their vitamin C content, total phenolic content, and mogroside V content. LTVD-LHG had much higher vitamin C content and mogroside V content than HAD-LHG, but HAD-LHG drink exhibited significantly higher total phenolic content (499 ± 114 mg GAE/100 g dried LHG) than LTVD-LHG drink (136 ± 40 mg GAE/100 g dried LHG). Drink processing methods showed no significant effects on total phenolic content and mogroside V content of each LHG drink. The cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) values of HAD-LHG drink was not significantly affected by drink processing methods. But CAA values of LTVD-LHG drink would be decreased after thermal pasteurization when comparing to high pressure processing and unpasteurized control groups.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Lin J
A new species of the genus Aalatettix Zheng & Mao (Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea Tetrigidae) from China
No full textWang, Li-Ming, Lu, Ying, Luo, Han (2021): A new species of the genus Aalatettix Zheng & Mao (Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea Tetrigidae) from China. Zootaxa 4974 (1): 188-190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analisis In silico Senyawa Bioaktif Luo Han Guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) Sebagai Inhibitor Aspartyl Protease Pada Virus HIV Tipe 1
No full textHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan virus yang menyerang sistem
imun pada tubuh manusia, khususnya sel CD4 yang merupakan sel darah putih pada tubuh
manusia. Virus ini sangat mudah menyebar dan merupakan salah satu virus yang paling
bahaya didunia. Sekitar 39 juta orang terkena virus HIV dan 630.00 diantaranya meninggal
dunia. Screening senyawa bioaktif pada tanaman obat melalui penambatan molekuler
merupakan salah satu cara yang paling efektif untuk menemukan obat baru. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk menyeleksi senyawa bioaktif tanaman luo han guo guna mencari kandidat
inhibitor aspartyl protease sebagai enzim yang berperan penting dalam siklus hidup HIV
yaitu replikasi HIV tipe 1.
Penelitian dimulai dengan pencarian senyawa bioaktif tanaman luo han guo dan
pencarian protein target yang akan digunakan sesuai dengan literatur yang ada. Senyawa
bioaktif yang sudah didapatkan kemudian diseleksi dengan analisis in silico sedangkan
protein target yaitu protease HIV 1 PR di validasi menggunakan program Pyrx 0.8 dan .
Senyawa bioaktif diinteraksikan dengan protein target, yaitu HIV 1 PR. Pertama dilakukan
Docking menggunakan aplikasi Pyrx 0.8, kemudian divisualisasikan menggunakan aplikasi
Discovery Studio Analyzer 2021. Proses seleksi dilakukan melalui uji bioavailabilitas dan
uji farmakokinetik dengan SwissADME, uji toksisitas dengan pkCSM dan ProTox 3.0, dan
penambatan molekuler dengan Pryx 0.8 untuk proses docking dan Discovery Studio
Analyzer 2021 untuk visualisasi
Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 40 senyawa bioaktif luo han
guo, diketahui bahwa terdapat 30 senyawa yag diduga memiliki bioavailabilitas yang baik,
5 senyawa yang diduga memiliki sifat farmakokinetika yang baik dan 6 senyawa yang
diduga tidak memiliki toksisitas dalam tubuh. Diperoleh 2 senyawa yang berpotensi untuk
menjadi kandidat inhibitor aspartyl protease yaitu asam 4-hidroksibenzoat dan ergosterol
peroksida dengan nilai RMSD lower bound dan upper bound dibawah 2. Pada asam 4-
hidroksibenzoat terjadi ikatan antara ligan dengan protein adalah sebesar -4.9 kcal/mol.
Nilai -4.9 kcal/mol berarti bahwa pembentukan ikatan mengeluarkan 9 kilokalori energi per
mol ikatan yang terbentuk. asam 4-hidroksibenzoat berikatan dengan asam amino Ile50
sedangkan ergosterol peroksida berikatan dengan asam amino Ile50 dan Pro81. Ligan
kontrol yang digunakan berikatan dengan asam amino Ile50.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah asam 4-hidroksibenzoat dan ergosterol
peroksida diprediksi menjadi senyawa yang paling potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai
kandidat inhibitor aspartyl protease HIV 1 PR. Namun, penelitian ini masih perlu divalidasi
lagi menggunakan metode molecular dynamic, uji in vitro, dan uji in vivo. Penelitian
perbandingan juga dapat dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan validitas hasil uji in silic
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
