1,720,963 research outputs found
Physical Processes in a Western Antarctic Peninsula Fjord
Get PDFThe western Antarctic Peninsula (wAP) is lined with glacio-marine fjords which connect the coastal ocean with the terrestrial ice sheet. The physical oceanography of these fjords is relatively unexplored despite their potential importance for regional glaciology, oceanography, and geochemistry, as well as for the productive marine ecosystems in the fjords. This dissertation explores the physical oceanography of a glacial wAP fjord, and identifies and examines key dynamical processes which occur in the system. The analysis is built around comprehensive oceanographic and atmospheric observations from Andvord Bay, a glacial fjord located on the northwestern wAP. Measurements were collected between December 2015 and March 2017 during three research cruises, and with moored sensors, as part of the FjordEco project. In the first part of the dissertation, I describe the physical environment of Andvord Bay, including the atmospheric and glaciological forcing conditions, and the hydrography and energetics of the fjord in relation to the outside ocean. Since Andvord Bay is located just north of the present influence of relatively warm modified Upper Circumpolar Deep Water, the fjord glaciers are not currently in retreat, and glacial mass flux into the ocean occurs predominantly in the form iceberg calving. Meltwater runoff, mean winds, tidal currents and mixing are all weak inside the fjord, and as a result the fjord is dynamically quiet compared to the outside ocean. The lack of a strong mean circulation provides beneficial conditions for phytoplankton blooms, and partially isolates the fjord from temperature variations in the Gerlache Strait. Seasonal water mass exchange is likely driven by low-frequency dynamics of the Gerlache Current as well as by occasional katabatic wind events. The second part of the dissertation examines the effects of katabatic wind events on the ocean within a wAP fjord. A strong, down-fjord katabatic wind event observed during December 2015 cruise appears to have had significant and immediate effects on the fjord waters, effectively flushing out the surface layer and altering the stratification in the upper 100 m. A series of idealized numerical experiments were conducted in order to explore the effect of such forceful down-axis winds on fjord water masses and exchange with the exterior ocean. Based on these simulations and observations, I discuss how episodic wind events may drive significant fluxes of nutrients, ice and water properties in otherwise quiescent Antarctic fjords. The final part of the dissertation examines buoyant plumes generated by ice-ocean interactions at the glacier terminus. Mid-water intrusions of anomalously cold and turbid water were observed in ocean profiles from inner Andvord Bay during all three research cruises. I characterize the spatial distribution of the intrusions, and examine the water properties observed during near-glacier surveys using hydrographic profiles and an autonomous underwater vehicle. Using water mass analysis and a pre-existing analytical model, it is shown that the observations are consistent with a deep, localized source of submarine meltwater. Glacial plumes in Andvord Bay are relatively weak compared to comparable fjord environments with subglacial discharge of highly buoyant freshwater. While the plumes are unlikely to drive significant melt or ocean circulation, they may be an important vertical pathway of sediment, trace metals and other geochemical tracers of terrestrial origin from the glacier grounding line to the upper ocean.Ph.D. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2018
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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