1,720,953 research outputs found
L'exclusion du bénéfice du statut de réfugié pour crimes contre l'humanité à l'épreuve du droit international et de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés
Get PDFMémoire en recherche-créationThe protection provided by the Geneva Convention in favor of persons fleeing persecution, the product of classic international law, is international. But it is not effective unless the Nation State integrates it into its domestic legislation and applies it through its immigration policies.We intend to show in this research how, confronted by contemporary challenges linked to the struggle against migratory flows, terrorism and international criminality, Nation States shield themselves behind their sovereign prerogatives in order to free themselves from their international obligations contracted under the terms of the Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees with a plethora of judicial stratagems. They have armed themselves with legislation, policies, practices, procedures and mechanisms designed to limit the access of victims of persecution to international protection. We wish to show in this context of “security above all”, the Exclusion Clause has been diverted from its primary function to become a supplementary avenue to deny protection and a tool among others used by States to respond to security, penal or migratory objectives. The Canadian system for the determination of refugee status as well as the practices and procedures provided by the Canadian state do not escape from this perversion of the Convention and do not respect the norms of international law in this regard. Nevertheless, even if the Canadian system is lacking in safeguards on the procedural level with regards to international law as well as the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Canadian decisions (judge) has shown a judicious understanding of international law regarding crimes against humanity with regards to the categorization of acts that may result in exclusion or in individual penal responsibility. But the deportation of refused asylum-seekers, following a decision excluding international protection, towards places presenting risks for their lives or liberty requires a holistic and evolutionary approach to Article 1 F (a) of the Convention which would permit the integration of new developments in international law since 1951 and the exploration of alternative ways of protection with respect to refused refugee claimants. It is only on this basis that Article 1 F (a) will cease to be “a supplementary avenue to denying protection”.La protection prévue par la Convention de Genève en faveur des personnes fuyant les persécutions, fruit du droit international classique, est internationale. Mais elle ne devient effective que si l’État national l’intègre dans sa législation interne et l’applique au travers de ses politiques d’immigration. Nous montrons dans cette recherche comment, confrontés aux défis contemporains liés à la lutte contre les flux migratoires, le terrorisme et la criminalité internationale, les États s’abritent derrière leurs prérogatives régaliennes pour s’exonérer par le biais d’une pléthore d’artifices juridiques, de leurs obligations internationales contractées aux termes de la Convention de Genève relative au statut des réfugiés du 28 juillet 1951. Ils se dotent ainsi des législations, des politiques, des pratiques, des procédures et des mécanismes à l’effet de limiter l’accès des victimes de persécutions à la protection internationale. Nous montrons comment, dans ce « contexte du tout sécuritaire », la clause d’exclusion fondée sur les crime contre l’humanité a été détournée de sa fonction primordiale pour devenir une « avenue supplémentaire pour dénier la protection » et un arsenal parmi tant d’autres auxquels recourent les États pour répondre aux impératifs sécuritaires, pénaux et migratoires. Le système canadien de détermination du statut de réfugié ainsi que les pratiques et procédures instituées par le Canada sont loin d’échapper à cette perversion de la Convention et de se conformer aux normes du droit international et de la Charte des droits. Cependant, si le système canadien est calamiteux sur le plan procédural, une jurisprudence substantielle de la cour fédérale a, sur le plan de la qualification des actes passibles d’exclusion et du rattachement de la responsabilité individuelle, souvent fait preuve d’une bonne compréhension du droit international en matière des crimes contre l’humanité. Mais ce n’est qu’en adoptant une approche holistique et évolutive qui lui permettra d’intégrer les développements entraînés, notamment par le droit international des droits de l’homme et d’explorer des voies alternatives de protection en faveur des demandeurs exclus en vertu de l’article 1 F (a) que le juge canadien donnera le plein effet à la Convention de 1951 et cessera d’être « une avenue supplémentaire pour dénier la protection » aux demandeurs d’asile
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
