1,720,975 research outputs found
"Ma, evidentemente, qualcosa è andato storto..." : das Dokumentarkino von Gustav Hofer und Luca Ragazzi: ein Blick der Krise?
No full textDie Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit drei Filmen der italienischen Regisseure Gustav Hofer und Luca Ragazzi. Es wird darin aufgezeigt, dass die Filmemacher mit ihren Werken Suddenly, Last Winter (2008), Italy – Love it or Leave it (2011) und What is Left? (2013) einen Blick auf Italien werfen, der von Krisennarrationen geprägt ist. Die Arbeit analysiert die inhaltlichen Krisenerzählungen, indem sie die Filme auf verschiedene theoretische Konzeptionen des Phänomens und Narrativs „Krise“ untersucht. Das Abweichen von einem klassisch dokumentarischen Vorgehen durch die Verwendung fiktiver Elemente und die Nähe der Filme zur Konzeption von Essay-Filmen bestimmt die filmästhetischen Krisenerzählungen. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass sich ein Blick der Krise auf der Ebene der Filmästhetik durch ein Abweichen von üblichen Genregrenzen manifestiert
Discriminative Marginalized Probabilistic Neural Method for Multi-Document Summarization of Medical Literature
Full text linkAlthough current state-of-the-art Transformer-based solutions succeeded in a wide range for single-document NLP tasks, they still struggle to address multi-input tasks such as multi-document summarization. Many solutions truncate the inputs, thus ignoring potential summary-relevant contents, which is unacceptable in the medical domain where each information can be vital. Others leverage linear model approximations to apply multi-input concatenation, worsening the results because all information is considered, even if it is conflicting or noisy with respect to a shared background. Despite the importance and social impact of medicine, there are no ad-hoc solutions for multi-document summarization. For this reason, we propose a novel discriminative marginalized probabilistic method (DAMEN) trained to discriminate critical information from a cluster of topic-related medical documents and generate a multi-document summary via token probability marginalization. Results prove we outperform the previous state-of-the-art on a biomedical dataset for multi-document summarization of systematic literature reviews. Moreover, we perform extensive ablation studies to motivate the design choices and prove the importance of each module of our method
Revelio: Interpretable Long-Form Question Answering
Full text linkThe black-box architecture of pretrained language models (PLMs) hinders the interpretability of lengthy responses in long-form question answering (LFQA). Prior studies use knowledge graphs (KGs) to enhance output transparency, but mostly focus on non-generative or short-form QA. We present Revelio, a new layer that maps PLM's inner working onto a KG walk. Tests on two LFQA datasets show that Revelio supports PLM-generated answers with reasoning paths presented as rationales while retaining performance and time akin to their vanilla counterparts
Retrieve-and-Rank End-to-End Summarization of Biomedical Studies
Full text linkAn arduous biomedical task involves condensing evidence derived from multiple interrelated studies, given a context as input, to generate reviews or provide answers autonomously. We named this task context-aware multi-document summarization (CA-MDS). Existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) solutions require truncation of the input due to the high memory demands, resulting in the loss of meaningful content. To address this issue effectively, we propose a novel approach called RAMSES, which employs a retrieve-and-rank technique for end-to-end summarization. The model acquires the ability to (i) index each document by modeling its semantic features, (ii) retrieve the most relevant ones, and (iii) generate a summary via token probability marginalization. To facilitate the evaluation, we introduce a new dataset, FAQSUMC19, which includes the synthesizing of multiple supporting papers to answer questions related to Covid-19. Our experimental findings demonstrate that RAMSES achieves notably superior ROUGE scores compared to state-of-the-art methodologies, including the establishment of a new SOTA for the generation of systematic literature reviews using MS2. Quality observation through human evaluation indicates that our model produces more informative responses than previous leading approaches
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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