1,720,958 research outputs found
Pembuatan Briket Berbahan Dasar Slack di PDAM Tirtanadi Instalasi Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja Cemara
No full textThe aim of this research is to utilize slack waste into charcoal briquettes as
an environmentally friendly alternative energy and minimize slack waste.
The process for making briquettes is by adding polyacrylamide type adhesives
with a variation of the material: adhesive ratio of 5:2 and 2:1 respectively on the
slack charcoal that has been crushed, then formed into a cylinder with a press
tool with pressure 85 and 105 kg/cm2. Furthermore, drying is done in an oven
with a temperature of 150oC with a variation of 1.5 and 2 hours drying time.
The results showed that the best briquettes were obtained from 16 (sixteen)
briquettes, namely the heating value, moisture content, density, and length of
combustion were 7436.55 Cal/g; 7,277%; 1.06 g/cm3; and 613 seconds
respectively with the ratio of raw material: adhesive, pressure scale, and drying
time were 5: 2 105 kg/cm2; and 120 minutes respectively. The characteristics of
the calorific value and water content have accordance with the SNI 01-6235-2000
standards, which were ≥5000 Cal/g and 7.75%, and the American standard for
the density value was 1.0 g/cm3. From the results of the economic analysis it was
found that the business of making stool briquettes with a capacity of 300 kg/day is
feasible to run, where from the business a profit of Rp. 547,029,828/year where
the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Break Event
Point (BEP) were Rp. 203,510,791; 21.59%; and 26.08% respectively which
requires 24.41 tons of briquettes to be returned in capital in around 11.34 months
with an income of Rp. 183,075,000.Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian adalah memanfaatkan limbah
slack menjadi briket arang sebagai energi alternatif ramah lingkugan dan
meminimalisasi limbah slack. Salah satu alternatif bentuk energi alternatif ramah
lingkungan yang banyak dikembangkan sekarang ini adalah briket, dimana dapat
menggantikan bahan bakar minyak untuk pembakaran. Proses pembuatan briket
yaitu dengan menambahkan perekat jenis polyacrylamide dengan variasi rasio
bahan: perekat masing-masing 5:2 dan 2:1 pada arang slack yang telah
dihaluskan, kemudian dicetak dengan bentuk silinder dengan bantuan alat
pengepres dengan tekanan 85 dan 105 kg/cm2. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengeringan
pada oven dengan temperatur 150oC dengan variasi waktu pengeringan 1,5 dan 2
jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket terbaik diperoleh dari jenis briket
16 (enam belas) yaitu nilai kalor, kadar air, densitas, dan lama pembakaran
masing-masing sebesar 7436,55 Kal/g; 7,277%; 1,06 g/cm3; dan 613 detik dengan
rasio bahan baku : perekat, skala tekanan, dan waktu pengeringan masing-masing
adalah 5:2; 105 kg/cm3; dan 120 menit. Karakteristik nilai kalor dan kadar air
sudah memenuhi standard SNI 01-6235-2000 yaitu masing-masing ≥5000 Kal/g
dan 7,75 %, dan standard Amerika untuk nilai densitas yaitu 1,0 g/cm3. Dari hasil
analisis ekonomi diperoleh bahwa usaha pabrik pembuatan briket tinja dengan
kapasitas 300 kg/hari layak dijalankan, dimana dari usaha tersebut diperoleh laba
sebesar Rp. 547.029.828,-/tahun dimana Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate
of Return (IRR), dan Break Event Point (BEP) masing-masing sebesar
Rp. 203.510.791; 21,59%; dan 26,08%, dimana untuk mendapatkan modal
kembali dibutuhkan sebanyak 24,41 ton briket yang terjual dalam waktu sekitar
11,34 bulan pada pendapatan Rp. 183.075.000.151 HalamanTesis Magiste
Penggunaan metode Min-Max dalam pengendalian component material biodiesel pada PT.X
Full text linkRapid growth in the economy increases industry competition; if planning is done correctly, one of which is stock planning using the min-max stock method, the company's strategy to lower production costs, called efficiency, will occur. The goal of this study is to ascertain whether the min-max stock method is more effective for the examination of biodiesel auxiliary components. The findings showed that there was an excess of inventory for Methanol Auxiliary Materials (CH3OH) of 80.37 percent when only 19.63% was required using the Min-Max method. Specifically, PT. X's initial stock for 2019 was 416,185 kg, while safety stock calculated using the Min-Max method was 317,127.58 kg. In those two years, it was demonstrated that the amount of final inventory of HCl raw materials at PT. X is very large in comparison to inventory calculated using the min-max stock method and that the amount of final inventory of Catalist raw materials (CH3ONa) at PT. X is also very large
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pemanfaatan limbah/ampas susu kedelai untuk peningkatan value added
No full textPengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam meningkatkan pendapatan, wawasan, pengetahuan dan ketrampilan serta memberikan motivasi akan perubahan perilaku dalam manajemen pengolahan ampas dengan produk susu kedelai menjadi tepung ampas susu kedelai di UKM Susu Kedelai Mamak. Dimana tepung ini nantinya bisa mengganti tepung tapioka yang biasa digunakan UKM ini untuk membuat cemilan-cemilan lain seperti kerupuk. Selama ini ampas industri pembuatan susu kedelai hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak dengan harga yang sangat rendah. Teknologi pembuatan kerupuk dari ampas susu kedelai sangat sederhana, yaitu pengumpulan ampas dari susu kedelai, menyiapkan tepung tapioka dalam hal ini tepung tapioka diganti dengan tepung ampas kedelai, penyedap rasa, dan bawang putih, campurkan bahan-bahan hingga homogen, pengukusan adonan, pemotongan adonan, penjemuran dan penggorengan
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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