1,720,997 research outputs found
Determination of Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Contents Ethanol Extract of Bosi-Bosi Leaves (Timonius flavescens (Jacg) Baker) UV-Vis Spectrophotometrial Method
No full textBackground : Bosi-bosi (Timonius flavescens (jacg.) Baker) has secondary
metabolite compounds in the form of flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, saponins,
and vitamin C. Secondary metabolite compounds in bosi-bosi leaves are
bioactive compounds that can be used as medicinal ingredients. Phenolic
compounds are the largest secondary metabolite compounds in plants and are
also natural ingredients whose use is quite widespread. Flavonoids are the
main compounds derived from phenols that are easily found in natural
ingredients. To determine the levels of total phenols and total flavonoids
quantitatively, you can use the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Because
phenolic and flavonoid compounds have chromophore groups and can produce
absorption in the visible light area, their levels can be measured using a UVVis
spectrophotometer instrument.
Purpose : The aim of this research is to determine the levels of total phenols
and total flavonoids in the ethanol extract of bosi-bosi (Timonius flavescens
(jacg.) Baker) leaves using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.
Method : Determination of total phenol and total flavonoid levels was carried
out using the Folin-Ciocalteau preaction and the AlCl3 preaction on the
ethanol extract of bosi-bosi leaves.
Result : The yield of simplsia was 10% and the yield of extract was 10%. The
total phenol content obtained in the ethanol extract of bosi-bosi leaves was
281.5384 mgGAE/g extract. The total flavonoid content obtained in the ethanol
extract of bosi-bosi leaves was 21.1650 mgQE/g extract.
Conclusion : Based on the research results, the total phenol content obtained
in the ethanol extract of bosi-bosi leaves was 281.5384 mgGAE/g extract. The
total flavonoid content obtained in the ethanol extract of bosi-bosi leaves was
21.1650 mgQE/g extract.75 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Efektifitas Gel Ekstrak Daun Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) 5% terhadap Proliferasi Fibroblas pada Dry Socket Pasca Pencabutan Gigi Tikus Wistar (Rattus novergicus)
No full textDry socket merupakan sebuah komplikasi yang paling umum pada kasus pencabutan gigi yang terjadi dua sampai tiga hari setelah pencabutan yang ditandai dengan hilangnya bekuan darah didalam soket sehingga penyembuhan luka menjadi terhambat. Fibroblas merupakan sel yang sangat penting dalam tahap penyembuhan luka. Pembentukan fibroblas dimulai pada hari ke-3 dan mencapai puncak pada hari ke-7 pasca terjadinya luka. Salah satu obat yang biasa digunakan adalah gel Aloclair®, tetapi memiliki kandungan polyvinylpyrrolidone yang bersifat alergen. Karena adanya efek samping, tanaman herbal dijadikan sebagai obat alternatif salah satunya adalah tanaman sage (Salvia officinalis L. L.) karena kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada daun sage dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek dari pemberian gel ekstrak daun sage 5% terhadap penyembuhan luka dry socket pasca ekstraksi gigi. Pada penelitian in vivo ini 24 ekor tikus wistar ditempatkan secara acak kedalam enam kelompok yang diberi tiga perlakuan yang berbeda, gel ekstrak daun sage 5%, Gel Aloclair®, dan basis gel yang dilihat penutupan luka secara klinis dan proliferasi fibroblas secara mikroskopis pada hari ke-3 dan ke-7 pasca terjadinya dry socket. Data dianalisis dengan uji One-way ANOVA dan Uji T-berpasangan. Hasil penelitian untuk data klinis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada penutupan luka secara klinis pada kelompok gel ekstrak daun sage 5%, gel Aloclair® dan basis gel (p<0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada jarak rata-rata fibroblas secara mikroskopis pada luka dry socket pada kelompok gel ekstrak daun sage 5%, gel Aloclair® dan basis gel (p<0,05). Penelitian menunjukkan gel ekstrak daun sage 5% efektif dalam mempercepat penutupan luka dan proliferasi fibroblas dry socket gigi tikus wistar.
Daftar Rujukan: 60 (2011-2021)Dry socket is the most common complication in tooth extraction cases that occurs two to three days after extraction which is characterized by the loss of blood clots in the socket so that wound healing is hampered. Fibroblasts are very important cells in the wound healing stage. The formation of fibroblasts begins on the 3rd day and reaches a peak on the 7th day after the injury. One of the drugs commonly used is Aloclair® gel, but it contains polyvinylpyrrolidone which is allergen. Because of its side effects, herbal plants are used as alternative medicines, one of which is sage (Salvia officinalis L. L.) because the content of secondary metabolites in sage leaves can accelerate the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving 5% sage leaf extract gel on dry socket wound healing after tooth extraction. In this in vivo study, 24 wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups which were given three different treatments, 5% sage leaf extract gel, Aloclair® gel, and gel base which were observed clinically for wound closure and microscopic fibroblast proliferation on the day-3 to day-7 after the occurrence of dry socket. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA test and paired T-test. The results of the study for clinical data showed that there was a significant difference in clinical wound closure in the 5% sage leaf extract gel, Aloclair® gel and gel base groups (p<0.05) and there was a significant difference in the mean distance of microscopic fibroblast in the wound. Dry socket in the 5% sage leaf extract gel, Aloclair® gel and gel base (p<0.05). Research shows 5% sage leaf extract gel is effective in accelerating wound closure and proliferation of dry socket fibroblast in wistar rats.101 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Report on the Professional Work Practice of Public Health Center Pharmacists at the Sicanang Public Health Center UPT Medan
No full textBackground: Considering the importance of the role of future pharmacists in
understanding the duties of pharmacists in community pharmacy practice,
particularly in health centers, it is expected that the Pharmacist Professional
Practice (PKPA) at health centers will enhance the knowledge of future pharmacists
in conducting pharmaceutical activities, both in clinical and pharmaceutical supply
fields. The PKPA activities at UPT Puskesmas Sicanang, Medan City, involve
several activities, including pharmaceutical supplies management, such as
planning, ordering, receiving, distributing, storing, managing, and reporting
pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices, and disposable medical supplies at
the health center. In terms of clinical pharmacy, the activities include
administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical prescription assessments, along with
counseling and providing drug information to patients. Health promotion at the
health center during this period can be conducted through the health center's
posyandu (integrated service post).
Objective: The Pharmacist Professional Practice (PKPA) at health centers is
expected to enhance the knowledge of future pharmacists in conducting
pharmaceutical activities, both in clinical and pharmaceutical supply fields. The
implementation of PKPA at health centers aims to provide insights into the
responsibilities and challenges, as well as problem-solving, found in health centers.
Method: The Pharmacist Professional Practice (PKPA) at the health center is a
work practice within the pharmacist professional education program. PKPA at UPT
Puskesmas Sicanang, Medan City, is carried out in October 2023. The activities are
conducted from Monday to Friday, from 8:00 AM to 3:00 PM, and on Saturdays
from 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM, under the guidance of the pharmacist in charge at UPT
Puskesmas Sicanang, Medan City, located at Jalan Kelapa Blok 21, Lingkungan 12,
Belawan Sicanang-Medan.
Results: The PKPA activities at UPT Puskesmas Sicanang provided knowledge
about pharmaceutical practices at health centers, including pharmaceutical supplies
management, clinical pharmacy services, and providing drug information within
the health center, covering the ordering and receiving of pharmaceutical
preparations, prescription handling, patient counseling and drug information
delivery, daily prescription compounding, pharmaceutical supplies recording, and
storage of pharmaceutical preparations using the FEFO (First Expired First Out)
and FIFO (First In First Out) methods, as well as providing drug information
services. Additionally, health promotion activities were conducted at Puskesmas
Sicanang through outreach regarding proper drug use (DAGUSIBU).
Conclusion: Due to the well-established structure and procedures at UPT
Puskesmas Sicanang, future pharmacists can acquire good pharmaceutical
knowledge during the PKPA implementation at the health center.513 PagesKarya Tulis Profes
Pengaruh Kompetensi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Utara
No full textTujuan penulis melakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis
pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai, untuk mengetahui dan
menganalisis pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai dan untuk
mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi dan disiplin kerja terhadap
kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Teknik
pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan accidental sampling.
Hasil penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diolah dan dianalisis
dengan menggunakan Regresi Berganda, Uji t, Uji F dan uji determinasi. Metode
pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sampling jenuh.
Uji kualitas data yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dengan menggunakan
Corrected Item Total dan uji reabilitas menggunakan Cronbach Alpha. Untuk uji
hipotesis dalam penelitian ini.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh sigifikan dan dan
positif kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai yang ditunjukkan dari hasil thitung
(2,168) > ttabel (1,67) dengan nilai signifikan 0,034 < 0,05, terdapat pengaruh
sigifikan dan positif variabel disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai yang
ditunjukkan dari hasil thitung (6,315) > ttabel (1,67) dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 <
0,05, dan Uji Fhitung sebesar 71,921 dengan probabilitas sig 0,000< α 0,05
menunjukkan Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, berarti kompetensi dan disiplin kerja
berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada taraf α 0,05, dengan R
Square yaitu sebesar 0,720 atau 72% yang artinya variasi dari kinerja pegawai
dengan kompetensi dan disiplin kerja
Application of Response Surface Methodology in Optimization Total Flavonoid Content of Andaliman Fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Extracted Using Microwave Assisted Extraction
No full textBackground: Andaliman is a spice plant native to North Sumatra that belongs to the Rutaceae family which contains many secondary metabolite compounds, one of which is flavonoid compounds.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions of solvent concentration, microwave power and extraction time which produces optimum total flavonoid content.
Methods: The dry powder derived from andaliman fruit was characterized by examining water content, total ash and acid-insoluble ash content, water-soluble extractive content and ethanol-soluble extractive content. Spesific chemical reagents are used to identify secondary metabolite compounds was obtained of on alkaloids compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, and tannins. Extraction was carried out using microwave assisted extraction with conditions designed by Design Expert software version 13, and the total flavonoid content was determined using the colorimetric method.
Results: The characterization of andaliman fruit met all requirements. The metabolite compounds identified in the simplicia included alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, and tanins. The total flavonoid content varied, with the highest result being 20.18 mg QE/g of the sample at a solvent concentration of 100%, microwave power of 300 watts, and extraction time of 3 minutes. The results of statistical analysis suggested a quadratic model (p-value < 0.05). The results of the analysis of variance of the model showed a significant effect with a significant lack of fit. The obtained R2 was 60.41%.
Conclusion: The optimal total flavonoid content of andaliman fruit extract based on the application of response surface was obtained at a solvent concentration of 100%, microwave power of 300 watts, and extraction time of 3 minutes, with a total flavonoid content of 18.415 mg QE/g sample.105 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik Hasil Kromatografi Cair Vakum dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.)
Full text linkBackground : Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The most common cases of cancer are breast cancer and lung cancer. Duku leaves (Lansium domesticum Corr.) has the potential to have anticancer activity. This plant contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids/ terpenoids, saponins, and tannins. Objective : To determine the cytotoxic activity of extract and fraction of Duku leaves against MCF-7 and HTB-183 cells using the MTT Assay method. Methods : This research was conducted using an experimental method that began with the preparation of dry powder, characterization of dry powder, phytochemical screening tests, extraction using maseration method, fractionation using vacuum liquid chromatography, analysis of Rf values of fractions using thin layer chromatography and cytotoxic activity using MTT Assay method. Results : The characterization of dry powder of duku leaves obtained a water content of 6.62%, a water-soluble extract content of 18.40%, an ethanol-soluble extract content of 12.60%, a total ash content of 7.95% and an acid insoluble ash content of 4.45%. The characterization of extract of duku leaves obtained a water content of 10.55%, a total ash content of 4.70%% and an acid insoluble ash content of 2.52%. The chemical compounds contained in dry powder and extract of duku leaves are alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids/ terpenoids saponins, and tannins. Fractions of vacuum liquid chromatography results were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and 5 fractions were obtained. The results of the cytotoxic activity test of duku leaves ethanol extract obtained IC50 values of 114.56 ± 2.80 µg/mL against MCF-7 cells and 142.68 ± 9.97 µg/mL μg/mL against HTB-183 cells. Fraction D has the best cytotoxic activity with the lowest IC50 values of 56.26 ± 3.11 µg/ mL for MCF-7 cells and 70.94 ± 2.92 µg/ mL for HTB-183 cells. Conclusion : Ethanol extract and fractions of duku leaves have cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HTB-183 cells.105 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Effectiveness Tests Of Gelatin Extract of Long Jawed Mackerel Fish Bones (Rastrelliger sp) on The Number of Osteoclasts in The Healing of Mandibular Bone of Wistar Rats
No full textBone defects are bone damage in the maxillofacial area that requires therapy
using a graft material, namely xenograft in the form of a scaffold. Gelatin is used as a
potential scaffold due to the lack of body immune response and high biocompatibility.
Fish bones have become one of the sources of halal gelatin. The use of mackerel bone
(Rastrelliger sp) as a source of gelatin can be used as a scaffold for treating bone
defects. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the gelatin extract of
mackerel (Rastrelliger sp) on the number of osteoclast cells in the healing of
mandibular bone of male Wistar rats. This study is an in vivo experimental study with
24 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) as the research sample and divided into 6 groups.
Three treatments with observations every 7th day and 14th day. Defect made on the
left lateral mandibular bone with a size of 5x5 mm. The specimens were then stained
with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining to observe changes in osteoclast cells that
occurred on the 7th and 14th days. The results showed the effectiveness of mackerel
bone gelatin extract (Rastrelliger sp) on decreasing the number of osteoclast cells in
healing mandibular bone defects of Wistar rats. The negative treatment group that was
given 0.5 mg gelatin showed a better reduction in the number of osteoclasts compared
to the control group without treatment.83 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Formulation and Antioxidant Activity Self- Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (Snedds) The Ethanolic Extract of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc)
No full textBackground: Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) has been used as a traditional medicine for thousand of years as it has many therapeutic effects, one of them is as antioxidant. Generally, andaliman is packaged in oral formulations that have low solubility, which can reduce its therapeutic effects. The Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is a novel drug delivery technique that offers advantages such as small particle size and faster dissolution in water, thereby enhancing the drug's bioavailability.
Objective: To formulate ethanolic ectract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) into a stable Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) and to analyze the antioxidant activity of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) formulation with ethanolic extract of andaliman (Zanthoxyllum acanthopodium DC)
Methods: The method of determining SNEDDS formulation with smix and oil ratio comparison, the evaluation of the SNEDDS by organoleptic, the clarity test by counting percent transmitance, emulsification test, the measurment of particles SNEDDS, morphological test with TEM. Stability obesrvation at 40°C include organoleptic observation, and measuring of the antioxidant activity were performed by the DPPH method with result of percent inhibition. Results: The ethanolic extract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) could be formulated into a SNEDDS with a surfactant to cosurfactant ratio of 3:2, using Tween 20 at a concentration of 53% as the surfactant and propylene glycol at a concentration of 36% as the cosurfactant. The SNEDDS appeared yellowish, had a characteristic odor, a particle size of 156,58 nm, and was stable attemperature of 40oc and -4oC. In an antioxidant activity test using DPPH, the percent inhibition of the SNEDDS with the ethanolic extract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) 63.18±0,001% was found to be more effective than the SNEDDS without the extract 56,12±0,046%.
Conclusion: Andaliman was formulated with smix (surfactant:cosurfactant) in a 3:2 ratio because it had good stability and met the quality requirements for SNEDDS containing ethanol extract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC), and it had better antioxidant activity compared to SNEDDS without the extract.110 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Antioxidant Activity Test of Facial Serum Combination with Nanogold, Hyaluronic Acid, Collagen, and Olive Oil Using DPPH Method
No full textBackground: Skin is the body’s outermost protection which functions to protect the
muscles and underlying organs from exposure to sunlight, light, infection, injury,
contaminants, and various chemicals that can be absorbed into the skin, causing
various skin damage. As you get older, your skin will experience an aging process.
One of the factors that causes aging is free radicals. To prevent and reduce the
negative effects of free radicals, antioxidants are needed. One source of natural
antioxidants which is believed to be efficacious in protecting skin health and beauty
is the olive plants which is then processed into olive oil and has strong antioxidant
activity is phenol.
Purpose: This research aims to determine the antioxidant activity of facial serum
samples combination with nanogold, hyaluronic acid, collagen, and olive oil.
Method: Antioxidant activity test of facial serum combination with nanogold,
hyaluronic acid, collagen and olive oil using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-
picrylhydrazyl) method with spectrophotometer UV-Visible.
Result: The IC50 value for the facial serum combination with nanogold, hyaluronic
acid, collagen, and olive oil is 68,6711 μg/mL.
Conclusion: The facial serum combination with nanogold, hyaluronic acid,
collagen, and olive oil has strong antioxidant activity.79 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Cell Cycle Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction Activities of Active Fraction from Ethanol Extract of Duku (Lansiumdomesticum Corr.) Leaves on MCF-7 Cells
No full textBackground: Cancer is a disease in which uncontrolled cell growth occurs which grows abnormally and destroys its initial form and function. One of the causes of this occurrence is a gene mutation. This mutation can occur due to various factors, namely UV rays, physical factors, chemical factors, and even natural factors. Cancer is a major health problem in the world. Breast cancer is a malignancy in breast tissue that can originate from the ductal epithelium or lobules. This cancer is one of the most common cancers in Indonesia and is the second leading cause of death. Duku leaves, which are included in the Meliaceae family, are a type of medicinal plant that contains bioactive compounds which have various pharmacological activities, one of which is as a basic anticancer ingredient. Objective: This study aims to test the activity of the active fraction of duku leaves in inhibiting the MCF-7 cell cycle and promoting apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Methods: The stages of this research included sample collection, preparation of duku leaf simplisia, phytochemical screening, preparation of ethanol extract of duku leaves, preparation of active fractions of duku leaves, testing of cytotoxic activity, and testing of apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition. Results: Based on the test results, it was found that duku leaves contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, and steroids/triterpenoids. Additionally, based on the conducted tests, the active fraction of duku leaves exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 68.163±1.104 μg/mL. The active fraction of duku leaves also showed activity in inducing apoptosis, indicated by an increase in the percentage of cells undergoing early apoptosis by 12.9%. In the cell cycle inhibition test, the active fraction of duku leaves demonstrated activity in inhibiting the cell cycle at the Sub G1 phase with a increase in the number of cells by 0.3%95 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
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