1,721,071 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Floe Ice – Sloping Structure Interactions
No full textSeveral interaction processes can be identified during floe ice - sloping structure
interactions. However, fierce processes around the waterline are the most conspicuous
phenomena. These violent processes feature ice fracturing and the potential rotation of
subsequent ice blocks. This thesis focuses primarily on the fracture of ice floes. The
exact failure pattern of an ice floe is complicated by the actual ice conditions in which
the sloping structure is positioned. Regarding the ice condition, we do not predefine it
as a ‘level ice’ or a ‘broken ice’ field. Instead, considering an ice field composed of ice
floes of varying sizes is a more realistic approach. Studying the interaction between an
ice floe and a sloping structure (i.e., floe ice - sloping structure interactions) can yield
more general results because an ice floe has a spatial scale that typically ranges from 10
m to 10 km. The ice floe can be large enough to be regarded as level ice or can be small
enough to be treated as a member of a broken ice field.
Currently, Arctic exploration and exploitation are expanding into a relatively ‘open’ ice
condition, within which, a knowledge gap exists regarding the fracture of a finite size
ice floe in the context of ice-structure interactions. To advance our understanding, this
thesis studied the following observed failure modes of a finite size ice floe within such
an ‘open’ ice condition:
1) In-plane splitting failure;
2) Out-of-plane flexural failure; and
3) Competition between different failure modes in the context of ice - sloping
structure interactions.
This thesis addresses influential factors, such as an ice floe’s size, geometry,
confinement, and ice-structure contact properties. In a decoupled manner, these
different failure modes were studied primarily using the concept of fracture mechanics.
The major contributions of this study are the following:
1) Analytical solutions for each failure mode were proposed for ice floes of varying
sizes, which range over a large spatial scale (i.e., from approximately 1 m to 10
km); and
2) Each analytical solution within the established analytical framework was
rigorously verified, either by numerical simulations, existing idealised analytical
results, experimental measurements, or all of the above.
Theoretically, through derivations, implementations and validations of all these
analytical solutions, many interesting results were obtained, such as the following:
1) The validity of using Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) to study an ice
floe’s splitting failure on an engineering scale was confirmed;
2) An ice floe’s confinement has a much more profound effect on increasing the
force required to split an ice floe in comparison with the influence of floe
geometry;
3) Three out-of-plane flexural failure scenarios were further conservatively
identified and analytically studied; and
4) A floe size requirement (i.e., a square floe’s size L <27(ice thickness)3/4 ) was
suggested for the radial-crack-initiation-controlled fracture of an ice floe.
From a practical point of view, with all these analytical solutions of failure modes at our
disposal, we are thus able to construct a failure map that relates an ice floe’s dominant
failure mode to its geometry, relevant contact and material properties. In addition, these
analytical formulae can be effectively incorporated with multi-body dynamic simulators
to assess the performance of Arctic offshore structures in ice over large temporal and
spatial scales.
In addition, as opposed to relatively ‘open’ ice conditions, we have also studied ice -
sloping structure interaction in ‘tight’ ice conditions. One extreme interaction scenario
within these ice conditions is when a large amount of ice rubble accumulates in front of
a sloping structure. This scenario has long been recognised as one of the controlling
design conditions and has previously been under thorough investigation.
In this thesis, a novel approach that combines both physical model tests (i.e., measured
by tactile sensors and load cells) and a theoretical model was employed to study ice
load’s spatial and temporal variations on a sloping structure under the influence of
rubble accumulation. The following results were found:
1) The presence of rubble accumulation increases the global ice resistance;
2) The maximum value of ice resistance occurs in a location below the waterline,
which signifies the importance of the ice rotating process and rubble
accumulation effect; and
3) The developed theoretical model, which was validated by both physical model
tests and existing theoretical models, can serve as a preliminary tool to study ice
load’s temporal and spatial distribution under the influence of rubble
accumulation.
As an extension, we also explored a seemingly promising numerical method’s (i.e., the
Cohesive Element Method (CEM)) applicability in studying ice - sloping structure
interactions under the influence of rubble accumulation. Preliminary results demonstrate
that there is still a substantial knowledge/computational gap in using this numerical
method to simulate ice and sloping structure interactions in a three-dimensional setting.
The primary deliverable contributions of this thesis to the scientific and engineering
community are the proposed analytical solutions and the framework for different failure
modes under two different ice conditions. Such analytical treatment prepared us to
simulate loads related to floe ice - sloping structure interactions, which are important for
Arctic exploration and exploitation on large temporal and spatial scales
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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