20 research outputs found
Dosimetry Comparison of Gamma Knife and External Beam Radiation Therapy on Brain Tumors
Get PDFThe practice of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) dates back to 1951 with Swedish Neurosurgeon Lars Leksell. However, in an age where cancer diagnosis and treatment has become so prevalent for our society, results from clinical techniques such as SRS have become more significant. The two most commonly used methods for performing SRS are Gamma Knife (GK) and External Beam Radiotherapy/Linear Accelerator (LINAC). While the two methods have been clinically performed independently, very few attempts to compare the applied treatment plans have been made. This comparison involves evaluating the different methodologies with identical patients, using identical imaging, critical structures, and target volumes. This is the focus and goal of the study. The process of obtaining the results involves first yielding simulated treatment plans from GK and LINAC methods independently. Identical patients’ CT image are used and dosages are normalized between the methodologies, for the percent prescription isodoses for GK and LINAC differs from one another. From there, the LINAC data is sent to the GK system and a side-by-side comparison can be made. Using the results stemming from this project, radiation oncologists and other cancer health professionals can more confidently make the decision of what method of SRS to deliver to the patient while maximizing the cancer tissue treated and doing the least harm to the healthy tissue surrounding the malignancy. The implications of this research should lead to continued comparative examination of these SRS methodologies and their effectiveness to treat the patients’ target volumes, leading to more benefits reared by patients.No embargoAcademic Major: Biochemistr
Dose calculation algorithms in external beam photon radiation therapy
Get PDFThis article is an editorial, and it doesn't include an abstract. Full text of this article is also available in HTML and PDF.Cite this article as:Lu L. Dose calculation algorithms in external beam photon radiation therapy. Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2013; 1(2):01025.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14319/ijcto.0102.5
New method of evaluating spatial quality for innovation districts: A case study of Haidian and Chaoyang districts, Beijing
No full textScience and technology innovation has become the core driving force of urban development, and innovation spaces as the carriers of innovation activities have evolved continuously, forming the emerging model of innovation districts in recent years. However, the evaluation standard of innovation spaces has not changed with the evolution of the model, and the evaluation method that focuses on economic benefits still dominates the mainstream. As a result, the construction of innovation spaces around these indicators and guidelines lags behind the advanced level.In this paper, we have systematically sorted out the relevant research progress of innovation districts, established a set of cases with global typicality, combined the dual attributes of “innovation characteristics + urban characteristics,” constructed a research framework for the spatial quality of innovation districts based on the dual perspectives of “innovation space,” and summarized the spatial quality evaluation model through analysis. We do an empirical study on Haidian District to find out how well innovation districts work in terms of space, find typical clusters, and come up with the most important aspects of their space quality. In order to observe the applicability of this method, it is also applied to the urban health check-up in Chaoyang District, Beijing. Through the expert seminar, the evaluation and analysis method of spatial quality of innovative urban areas is further verified and discussed. The results show that the integration of innovative urban areas and urban structures, and the collaborative development of innovative industries and high-quality spaces are the keys to promote the common development of innovative economy and cities. The new evaluation method can effectively measure the quality of innovation spaces, and has certain transferability
Regeneration of Historic Area with Social Orientation:Investigation and Analysis of Three Historic Areas in Beijing
Get PDFUnder the research framework of changes in morphology, as well as social structure in historic areas in Beijing, this study carries out investigation and quantitative analysis on living space and social and economic problems in Shichahai, Xisibei and Nanluoguxiang, and conducts a sample analysis on typical courtyards. Scholars from different fields analyzed issues of social space reconstruction and cultural value protection from the perspectives of political and economic factors and cultural heritage protection and explores strategies for traditional courtyard improvement from the perspectives of physical space and public policy, though the tracking investigation and empirical analysis on the regeneration of traditional courtyards regarding social orientation is quite limited. In this paper the author analyzes social problems existing in physical and social space changes and explored sustainable regeneration strategies for traditional courtyards with social orientation, in Beijing, employing literature research, sampling investigation, participatory observation, in-depth interview and reconnaissance mapping methods.journal articl
Effects of Ionizing Irradiation on Mouse Diaphragmatic Skeletal Muscle
Get PDFUndesirable exposure of diaphragm to radiation during thoracic radiation therapy has not been fully considered over the past decades. Our study aims to examine the potential biological effects on diaphragm induced by radiation. One-time ionizing irradiation of 10 Gy was applied either to the diaphragmatic region of mice or to the cultured C2C12 myocytes. Each sample was then assayed for muscle function, oxidative stress, or cell viability on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after irradiation. Our mouse model shows that radiation significantly reduced muscle function on the 5th and 7th days and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in the diaphragm tissue from days 3 to 7. Similarly, the myocytes exhibited markedly decreased viability and elevated oxidative stress from days 5 to 7 after radiation. These data together suggested that a single dose of 10-Gy radiation is sufficient to cause acute adverse effects on diaphragmatic muscle function, redox balance, and myocyte survival. Furthermore, using the collected data, we developed a physical model to formularize the correlation between diaphragmatic ROS release and time after irradiation, which can be used to predict the biological effects of radiation with a specific dosage. Our findings highlight the importance of developing protective strategies to attenuate oxidative stress and prevent diaphragm injury during radiotherapy
A Planning Support System for Retrieving Planning Alternatives of Historical Conservation Areas from Spatial Data Using GIS
No full textImmunolocalization of MSK1 and p-MSK1 (Thr-581) with different cellular markers in cerebral cortex by double immunofluorescence staining.
No full text<p>In the adult rat brain cortex, within 5(red, <b>A</b> and <b>E</b>) and p-MSK1 (Thr581) (red, <b>I</b> and <b>M</b>) and different cell markers (green, <b>B, F, J, N</b>), such as a neuronal marker (NeuN) and an astrocyte marker (GFAP). The yellow color in the merged images represents colocalization of MSK1 or p-MSK1 (Thr581) with different phenotype-specific markers (<b>C, G, K, O</b>). Colocalization of MSK1 and p-MSK1 (Thr581) with different phenotype-specific markers in the normal group are shown in the brain cortex (<b>D, H, L, P</b>). Quantitative analysis of different phenotype-specific marker-positive cells expressing MSK1 (<b>Q</b>) and p-MSK1 (<b>R</b>) (%) in the unit area (mm<sup>2</sup>) in the normal group and 1 day after injury. *indicates significant difference at P<0.05, compared with the normal group. Error bars indicate SEM. Scale bars: 20 µm (<b>A–P</b>).</p
