1,720,983 research outputs found
Visual methods in health dialogue and public health work. An action research approach to improve school nurses’ work with adolescents
Get PDFSchool nursing involves relationships and understandings based on young people’s needs. Visual technologies have become a central part of young people’s life and context: they use their phones to communicate and shape their relationships and they turn to social media when inquiring about health issues. Visual methods in health communication thus draw on existing practices, and are well documented as research methods to elicit experiences of illness, health behaviour, emotions and other unarticulated and fuzzy aspects of life.
Our aim was to explore whether visual methods could improve the health dialogue and work of public health nurses (PHNs) in schools. We were particularly interested in examining how PHNs could relate to adolescents in terms of the challenges of using visual technologies and social media in a school nursing context.
We used a qualitative action research approach with a critical design involving focus groups in combination with participant observations and workshops on the use of visual methods. Forty of approximately sixty PHNs in Tromsø participated in the study. We collected the data from January to October 2016. Systematic text condensation was used for analysis of the texts and field notes, and visual meaning making for analysis of drawings made by the PHNs.
We found that visual methods could improve the school health dialogue and school nurses’ public health work because visualization draws on a preferred form of communication for young people. PHNs’ ethical practice included being aware of new ethical issues that arose from adolescents’ use of visual technologies and social media. When uncertainty or indecision remained, the PHNs resolved ethical challenges through discussion and collaboration with fellow nurses and other professionals. The provision of training in visual methods would enhance PHNs’ professional toolbox and improve their efforts to promote adolescent health in a school nursing context
Psykisk helse. Forståelse, kommunikasjon og samspill
No full textBoka handler om å forstå mennesker med psykiske lidelser. Boka er skrevet for videreutdanningene inne psykisk helse, men er også nyttig for andre som arbeider med mennesker som enten har en psykisk lidelse eller nedsatt kognitiv evne.Boka drøfter følgende sentrale spørsmål: Hvordan forstå vrangforestillinger? Hva skjer når pasienter opplever at det de sier ansees som meningsløst eller irrelevant? Finnes et eget psykotisk språk? Hvordan etablere forstående relasjoner til en som sliter med psykisk lidelse? Hvordan bruke 'fortellinger' til å forstå pasientens erfaringer og opplevelser
Fra kunnskap til handling. En kvalitativ studie av helsepersonells erfaringer med Newborn Behavioral Observation
Get PDFVåren 2015 startet 27 deltakere fra ulike helseprofesjoner i Tromsø på en opplæring i
Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) som et ledd i forskningsprosjektet «God Start for
Små i Nord». NBO er en metode som skal styrke relasjonen mellom foreldre og spedbarnet.
Målet var å implementere NBO i føde-barselomsorgen og forebyggende helsetjenester i
Tromsø. Implementering av nye metoder i helsevesenet har vist seg å være utfordrende.
Basert på kvalitative metoder har studien benyttet seg av sosio-narrative intervju og visuelt
materiale for å undersøke helsepersonells erfaringer med opplæring i og bruk av NBO.
Funnene er basert på 11 deltakere som ble intervjuet og bedt om å tegne deres erfaringer med
bruk av NBO som metode. Våre funn viser at helsepersonell så en positiv endring i relasjonen
mellom foreldre og barn ved bruk av NBO. Funnene viser også at metoden er fleksibel og i
tråd med egen profesjonsforståelse. Organisatoriske aspekter, slik som dårlig forankring i
ledelse og begrenset tid var hemmende faktorer for implementering av NBO i ordinær praksis.
Mangel på forkunnskap, og en opplevelse av at metoden ikke var nyttig for den aktuelle
målgruppen var faktorer som også virket inn på implementeringsprosessen. Studiens
implikasjoner for videre implementering blir diskutert
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
'When coercion moves into your home’ – a qualitative study of patient experiences with outpatient commitment in Norway
Get PDFThe use of coercion on people with mental health problems is a serious intervention, and a reduction in its use is a declared goal in mental healthcare. Yet, many countries have introduced expanded powers of coercion in recent years, including outpatient commitment (OC). However, the evidence of the effectiveness of OC is inconclusive, and little is known about how patients experience OC schemes. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore (i) patients’ experiences with OC, and (ii) how routines in care and health services affect patients’ everyday living. The data were collected in 2011–2012 and included 11 qualitative in-depth interviews with patients subject to OC. The study used a narrative approach to interviews and a thematic narrative analysis. Participants generally complied with the OC requirements because of the clear and secure framework of OC, and also because they believed that the alternative would be involuntary hospitalisation. No one reported physical force, but coercion was experienced as limitation of freedom of action through excessive control and little patient influence or participation in their own treatment. Factors affecting patients’ freedom of action under OC should be taken into account when the imposition of an OC order is considered
“I Do Not Really Belong Out There Anymore”: Sense of Being and Belonging Among People With Medically Unexplained Long-Term Fatigue
Get PDFIn this article, we explore relations between health, being, belonging and place through an interpretive thematic analysis of autobiographic text and photographs about the everyday lives of 10 women and men living with medically unexplained long-term fatigue in Norway. While interpreting their place-related illness experiences, we ask: How do they experience their being in the world, where do they experience a sense of belonging/not belonging, and why do places become places of belonging/not belonging? The participants describe experiences of (a) being socially detached and alienated, (b) being imprisoned, (c) being spectators who observe the world, and (d) senses of belonging. They describe senses of being and belonging/not belonging as closely attached to physical and symbolic aspects of places in which they reside, and they wistfully reflect on the question of “why.” The study illustrates the influence of experienced place—material as well as immaterial—on health and illness
Changes in self-reported health trajectories with focus on ageing in the Tromsø study
No full textAim:
We aim to describe factors that affect self-reported health (SRH) and to describe differences in trajectories in an ageing cohort according to comorbid diseases, mental health, physical condition, education, and physical activity.
Methods:
Prospective cohort study of a general population in Norway utilizing repeated surveys and physical examinations (1986-2008). We included 16 745 men and women aged 20-74 at baseline, living in Tromsø municipality. Average followed-up time was 11 years.
Results:
The steepest decline of SRH was in midlife and when passing life expectancy. SRH decreased differently over time for men and women. The most important factors determining SRH was mental health symptoms (31.6%), specific medical conditions (17.5%) and age (17.6%), which combined explained 45.2% of the variance. Medical conditions affected SRH dependent on when in life it occurred - e.g. cardiovascular diseases affected more at younger age while asthma and diabetes affected the elderly more. BMI above 27kg/m2 (-0.086, CI: -0.170, -0.002) was detrimental for SRH at all ages. Very lean subjects had a significantly larger negative effect with increasing age than all others. BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (0.282 CI: 0.004, 0.560) developed into a negative difference late in life because SRH deteriorated rapidly with age in the lowest BMI group (-0.078 CI: -0.127, -0.028). Exercise levels depended on age; intensive training was beneficial at younger ages, but unfavourable at older ages. Intermediate training was most beneficial from age 63 and above. Higher levels of education benefitted SRH.
Conclusion:
Ageing is an independent factor influencing SRH. Disease or mental illness symptoms are associated with lower SRH whenever in life they occur. Variations in SRH trajectories suggest that low BMI and exercise levels become increasingly important especially as the population ages
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