1,720,990 research outputs found
Electro-curing: Saving Energy for the Manufacturing of Structural Resins is Possible
No full textThe development of structural thermosetting composites is now widely exploited in the transport field, allowing for simultaneously having structural properties and mass reduction. Their applicability presents several advantages, including a lower temperature for processing the materials than other structural materials (i.e., metals). For the transport sector, weight saving allows reducing CO2 emissions and energy consumption during the in-service vehicles. Different research papers have highlighted that the manufacturing process is one of the most critical phases for the environmental impact of composite production. Currently, the primary process for producing epoxy composites (curing in an autoclave) is energy, time-consuming, and hardly tunable. Moreover, it often causes, during the curing cycle, gradients of temperatures in the components that may lead to the generation of microcracks or stress concentration. In light of these premises, the present research aims to present an energy-saving and highly tunable alternative process realized through electro-curing. The fluid epoxy resin is filled with carbonaceous electrically conductive nanofillers (multi-wall carbon nanotubes) to obtain a conductive mixture to be electrically cured via the Joule effect, obtaining a final product with a curing degree higher than the samples cured in an oven and requiring less than 10% of the energy compared to the autoclave process. Using the electro-curing process, the necessary energy for curing the samples is directly generated inside the resin via the Joule effect. Moreover, the electro-curing is highly and rapidly tunable since the energy generated in the sample is strictly related to the applied voltage and, so, the applied power. In the present research paper, a multi-step electro-curing process has been pursued and compared to samples cured in an oven. These results make electro-curing a promising method for producing thermosetting composites due to the substantial reduction of the environmental impact
Certification challenge for self-responsive materials in aeronautics
No full textInnovation and continuous development of cutting-edge materials find robust interest of companies for using avantgarde technologies. Material research is widening toward mainly two directions: the improvement of the existing functionalities and the development of new functionalities of the materials. However, widespread applicability of materials with new functionalities and their marketing requires also efforts towards the creation and implementation of technical standards and measurement techniques. Standardization is an important stage in the development of any new material and it is based on the consensus of stakeholders including end users, businesses, standards organizations and governments.
The main function of standards is to define the qualities and technical properties of a material to ensure consistency across different manufacturers and industries. It is important to assure that a product is genuine, safe and will perform in the way it is expected. For new materials standardization will also enable easier communication between producers and consumers.
In this context, the current paper shows the activities performed within MASTRO Project – H2020, focusing on the possible strategies to reach the standardization of innovative materials in aeronautic field. In MASTRO Project self-healing, de-icing, self-sensing and self-curing materials, obtained using nanocomposite technologies, have been widely studied and tested to understand their usability in a significant environment. The purpose of the standardization activity in MASTRO project is to explore the possibility of transferring the results of research into one or more standards. The first step is to understand the research results which have not necessarily a need to be transposed into standards, and those that potentially will provide valuable support to new or existing standards through, for example, the validation of test methods or product and /or process.
The second part of this activity was the identification of needs and opportunities for standardization in the eventuality partners have developed specific procedure or protocol to overcome particular issues, which were not reported in literature. Generally, in this process the applicability of the possible standard to other bodies (research groups both academic and from industries) was considered. The use of some innovative functionalities developed in MASTRO project, such as those related to self-healing materials, has not been yet regulated with any of the available standards. For these materials, standardization need and opportunities have been identified in order to enable their widespread use. The preparation of a New Work Item Proposal on this kind of functionalities (with all relevant documentation that can help for the procedure) is in progress.
Figure 1 shows the followed approach and the applied strategy to rationalize data regarding available standard, standard needs and opportunities of the developed materials for the evaluation of possible Standardization Processes. The used algorithm for the rationalization of the information is based on the readiness level of the technology and on the relevance to improve the safety of the material
Correction: Gorrasi et al. Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Membranes Based on “Poly(ε-caprolactone)”, “Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)” and Their Blend for Tunable Drug Delivery of Curcumin. Polymers 2020, 12, 2239
No full textIn the original publication [...
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
