4,921 research outputs found
Interleukin-6 in aging and chronic disease: a magnificent pathway.
No full textThe human interleukin IL-6 was originally cloned in 1986. In 1993, William Ershler, in his article ‘‘IL-6: A Cytokine for Gerontologists,’’ indicated IL-6 as one of the main signaling pathways modulating the complex relationship between aging and chronic morbidity. Over the last 12 years, our understanding of the role of IL-6 in
human physiology and pathology has substantially grown, although some of the questions originally posed by Ershler are still debated. In this review, we will focus on IL-6 structure, IL-6 signaling, and trans signaling pathways, and the role of IL-6 in geriatric syndromes and chronic disease. In the final section of this review, we dissect the critical elements of the IL-6 signaling pathway and point out targets for intervention that are targeted by emerging drugs, some still on the horizon and others already being tested in clinical trial
A role for cytokines in antigen presentation: IL1 and IL4 induce accessory functions of antigen presenting cells.
No full textThe origins of age-related proinflammatory state
No full textWe hypothesized that the rising levels of inflammatory markers, with aging is explained by cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity becoming progressively more prevalent in older persons. information on inflammatory markers, cardiovascular risk factors, and diseases was collected in 595 men and 748 women sampled from the general population (age, 20-102 years). In both men and women, older age was associated with higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-18, C-reactive protein (CRIP), and fibrinogen, while soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6r) increased significantly with age only in men. Adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity, the age regression coefficients became substantially smaller in models predicting IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-18, and fibrinogen and larger in the model predicting sIL6r. Adjustment for cardiovascular morbidity substantially reduced the effect of age on CRP in men but not in women. Findings were confirmed in a subgroup of 51 men and 45 women with low risk profile and no cardiovascular morbidity. Part of the "proinflammatory state" in older persons is related to the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factor and morbidity. (c) 2005 by The American Society of Hematology
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST): an efficient tool for detecting molecular information on proteins' behaviour.
No full textA versatile method for assessing protein properties via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) modality is described. The observed CEST signal changes allow monitoring of protein aggregation processes, protein folding/unfolding steps and interaction with lipid membranes
Association of polo-like kinase with alpha-, beta- and gamma-tubulins in a stable complex
No full textThe frailty syndrome: a critical issue in geriatric oncology
No full textEvidence exists that the geriatric intervention guided by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) has positive effects on a number of important health outcomes in frail older patients. Although a number of observational studies, editorials, special articles and clinical reports, suggest that CGA should be used to guide the assessment and clinical decision-making in older cancer patients, there is limited support to this view in the literature. Older patients that are diagnosed with cancer are usually healthier and less problematic than persons of the same age who are randomly sampled from the general population. In these persons, the cancer dominates the clinical picture and, therefore, instruments especially tuned for the frail elderly may provide little information. The concept of the frailty syndrome, characterized by high susceptibility, low functional reserve and unstable homeostasis, has recently received a lot of attention by the geriatric community. A CGA approach, which also evaluates elements of the frailty syndrome, may be of great interest for those oncologists who want to identify older patients likely to develop severe toxicity and severe side effects in response to aggressive treatment. Improvements in the definition of the frailty syndrome may profit from the clinical experience of oncologists. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
Utilising Deep Learning Models for the Surface Registration Problem in HoloNav
No full textSurface Registration is a registration problem that handles the registration of two similar surfaces. In most research that utilises Deep Learning (DL) models to handle surface registration two theories are investigated; the first being whether surfaces sampled from the same origin can be registered together, and the second theory being whether the models can register Point Clouds with low overlapping data for utilisation in Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) applications. However, the surface registration to be utilised in the HoloNav Augmented Reality (AR) navigation system will utilise Point Clouds sampled from different origins with a high overlap ratio. This research, therefore, aims to determine the viability of DL methods for surface registration in HoloNav data. To determine the viability, rotation and translation errors in the match were used, with the aforementioned metrics later being evaluated manually with the utilisation of a visualiser. The results indicate that the models can generalise on the navigator data for an initial Euler angle difference of 45 degrees, but due to the difference in sampling density on the utilised point clouds can not provide accurate matches. Therefore, the utilisation of DL models can be considered to be viable if the navigator data has a sampling density similar to the pre-operative model.https://github.com/alpcicimen/holonav-dl-registration The link to the github repository containing the utilised dataset, scripts, as well as the modified DL models RPMNet and PREDATOR.CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
The Scent of a Smell: An Extensive Comparison between Textual and Structural Smells
No full textCode smells are symptoms of poor design or implementation choices that have a negative effect on several aspects of software maintenance and evolution, such as program comprehension or change- and fault-proneness. This is why researchers have spent a lot of effort on devising methods that help developers to automatically detect them in source code. Almost all the techniques presented in literature are based on the analysis of structural properties extracted from source code, although alternative sources of information (e.g., textual analysis) for code smell detection have also been recently investigated. Nevertheless, some studies have indicated that code smells detected by existing tools based on the analysis of structural properties are generally ignored (and thus not refactored) by the developers. In this paper, we aim at understanding whether code smells detected using textual analysis are perceived and refactored by developers in the same or different way than code smells detected through structural analysis. To this aim, we set up two different experiments. We have first carried out a software repository mining study to analyze how developers act on textually or structurally detected code smells. Subsequently, we have conducted a user study with industrial developers and quality experts in order to qualitatively analyze how they perceive code smells identified using the two different sources of information. Results indicate that textually detected code smells are easier to identify and for this reason they are considered easier to refactor with respect to code smells detected using structural properties. On the other hand, the latter are often perceived as more severe, but more difficult to exactly identify and remove.Accepted Author ManuscriptSoftware Engineerin
Circulating erythropoietin (EPO) and pro-inflammatory markers in elderly (>/=65) persons with and without anemia
No full textLPS-inducible nuclear factor in human monocytes that binds the negative regulatory element of the HIV LTR.
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