1,721,546 research outputs found
A new design for the CERN-Fréjus neutrino Super Beam
No full textWe present an optimization of the hadron focusing system for a low-energy high-intensity conventional neutrino beam (Super-Beam) proposed on the basis of the HP-SPL at CERN with a beam power of 4 MW and an energy of 4.5 GeV. The far detector would be a 440 kton Water Cherenkov detector (MEMPHYS) located at a baseline of 130 km in the Fr\'ejus site. The neutrino fluxes simulation relies on a new GEANT4 based simulation coupled with an optimization algorithm based on the maximization of the sensitivity limit on the mixing angle. A new configuration adopting a multiple horn system with solid targets is proposed which improves the sensitivity to and the CP violating phase
Large-angle scattering of multi-GeV muons on thin Lead targets
No full textThe probability of large-angle scattering for multi-GeV muons in lead targets with a thickness of O(10 ^- 1) radiation lengths is studied. The new estimates presented here are based both on simulation programs (GEANT4 libraries) and theoretical calculations. In order to validate the results provided by simulation, a comparison is drawn with experimental data from the literature. This study is particularly relevant when applied to muons originating from νμ CC interactions of CNGS beam neutrinos. In that circumstance the process under study represents the dominant background for the νμ → ντ search in the τ→ μ channel for the OPERA experiment at LNGS. Finally we also investigate, in the CNGS context, possible contributions from the muon photo-nuclear process which might in principle also produce a large-angle muon scattering signature in the detector.The probability of large-angle scattering for multi-GeV muons in thin () lead targets is studied. The new estimates presented here are based both on simulation programs (GEANT4 libraries) and theoretical calculations. In order to validate the results provided by simulation, a comparison is drawn with experimental data from the literature. This study is particularly relevant when applied to muons originating from interactions of CNGS beam neutrinos. In that circumstance the process under study represents the main background for the search in the channel for the OPERA experiment at LNGS. Finally, we also investigate, in the CNGS context, possible contributions from the muon photo-nuclear process which might in principle also produce a large-angle muon scattering signature in the detector
From Scripting to Structural Computation of Conical Vaults
No full textThis paper discusses the use of scripting procedures and structural computation applied to the stonecutting of vaults. Starting from the conceptualization of trumpet squinches in various treatises, it offers an understanding of the parametric framework used. The operation is then replicated on Wallis’s conical edge surface as described by Guarino Guarini, demonstrating how to create complex surfaces from the basic script. The second part concerns the structural behavior of a conical vault in the same coding environment, thanks to Thrust Network Analysis method. Configurative and geometric analysis of vaults is paired with structural integrity in order to better manage historical buildings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A novel technique for the measurement of the electron neutrino cross section
Full text linkAbsolute neutrino cross section measurements are presently limited by uncertainties on fluxes. In this paper, we propose a technique that is based on the reconstruction of large angle positrons in the decay tunnel to identify three-body semileptonic decays. This tagging facility operated in positron counting mode (“event count mode”) can be employed to determine the absolute flux at the neutrino detector with precision. Facilities operated in “event by event tag mode” i.e. tagged neutrino beams that exploit the time coincidence of the positron at source and the interaction at the detector, are also discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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