1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Lithic industries from the North African Middle Stone Age : production, products and evolutions
No full textÀ la fin du Pléistocène moyen, en Afrique du Nord, plusieurs complexes culturels co-existent. Leur détermination et leur définition font débat depuis plus d’un siècle. L’une des problématiques importantes des recherches paléolithiques en Afrique du Nord est la compréhension des liens qu’entretiennent les industries du Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain (NAMSA) avec celles de l’Atérien. Pour cette raison, la définition précise de ces complexes revêt une importance cruciale. Les approches typo-technologiques des équipements lithiques ont enrichi la définition des complexes Atériens et de l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain en détaillant les attributs qui les constituent : production de supports lamino-lamellaires, processus de miniaturisation et production de micro-supports, outillage, etc. Le corpus étudié provient des séquences de trois gisements : les grottes de Bizmoune, du Rhafas et de Taforalt. Cette étude propose un gradient chronologique et spatial de deux entités culturelles globalisantes : 1/ l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain est représenté dès le début SIM 6, voire du SIM 8 sur le littoral atlantique, et perdure jusqu’au SIM 5 dans l’espace occidental du nord de l’Afrique ; 2/ l’Atérien est représenté dès la fin du SIM 6 à l’ouest. Il remplace les complexes techniques de l’Early NAMSA au Maghreb au SIM 5. Par ailleurs, l’Atérien n’est plus une entité technique homogène. Les assemblages révèlent une multitude de solutions techniques qui mettent en évidence la présence d’entités plurielles. Ces résultats signent l’importance du choix méthodologique du détail des assemblages par les approches typo-technologiques.At the end of the Middle Pleistocene, in North Africa, cultural complexes have co-existed. The identification and definition of these techno-complexes have been debated for more than a century. One of the important issues of Paleolithic research in North Africa is the understanding of the relationship between the North African Middle Stone Age and Aterian industries. For this reason, precise definitions of these complexes are essential. Typo-technological approaches to lithic equipment have allowed for the enrichment of the definition of the Aterian and North African Early Middle Stone Age complexes - notably by the detail of the attributes constituting their definitions (i.e. blades industries, miniaturization and micro-flakes industries, tooling, etc.). The corpus studied comes from the sequences of three caves: the Bizmoune, Rhafas, and Taforalt. This study proposes a chronological and spatial gradient of two globalizing cultural entities: 1/ the Early North African Middle Stone Age is represented from the beginning of MIS6, or even SIM8 on the Atlantic coast and will last until MIS5 in the occidental part of North Africa; 2/ the Aterian is represented from the end of MIS6 in the Atlantic westcoast of Morocco. Its representation is uniform in the Maghreb in MIS5 and replaces the Early NAMSA techno-complex. Moreover, the Aterian is not a homogeneous technical entity. The assemblages show a multitude of technical solutions highlighting the presence of plural entities. These results show the importance of the methodological choice of the typo-technological approaches. They show moreover that this space is dynamic, connected by flows of humans, carriers of ideas
Les assemblages lithiques du Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain : Productions, produits et évolution
No full textAt the end of the Middle Pleistocene, in North Africa, cultural complexes have co-existed. The identification and definition of these techno-complexes have been debated for more than a century. One of the important issues of Paleolithic research in North Africa is the understanding of the relationship between the North African Middle Stone Age and Aterian industries. For this reason, precise definitions of these complexes are essential.Typo-technological approaches to lithic equipment have allowed for the enrichment of the definition of the Aterian and North African Early Middle Stone Age complexes - notably by the detail of the attributes constituting their definitions (i.e. blades industries, miniaturization and micro-flakes industries, tooling, etc.).The corpus studied comes from the sequences of three sites: the Bizmoune Cave, Rhafas, and Taforalt. The combined archaeostratigraphic sequences cover a period of 100,000 years, from the end of the Middle Pleistocene to the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. This study proposes a chronological and spatial gradient of two globalizing cultural entities: 1/ the Early North African Middle Stone Age is represented from the beginning of MIS6, or even SIM8 on the Atlantic coast and will last until MIS5 in the occidental part of North Africa; 2/ the Aterian is represented from the end of MIS6 in the Atlantic westcoast of Morocco. Its representation is uniform in the Maghreb in MIS5 and replaces the Early NAMSA techno-complex.Moreover, the Aterian is not a homogeneous technical entity. The assemblages show a multitude of technical solutions highlighting the presence of plural entities. These results show the importance of the methodological choice of the typo-technological approaches. They show moreover that this space is dynamic, connected by flows of humans, carriers of ideas.À la fin du Pléistocène moyen, en Afrique du Nord, plusieurs complexes culturels co-existent. Leur détermination et leur définition font débat depuis plus d’un siècle. L’une des problématiques importantes des recherches paléolithiques en Afrique du Nord est la compréhension des liens qu’entretiennent les industries du Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain (NAMSA) avec celles de l’Atérien. Pour cette raison, la définition précise de ces complexes revêt une importance cruciale. Les approches typo-technologiques des équipements lithiques ont enrichi la définition des complexes atériens et de l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain en détaillant les attributs qui les constituent : production de supports lamino-lamellaires, processus de miniaturisation et production de microsupports, outillage, etc. Le corpus étudié provient des séquences de trois gisements : la Grotte de Bizmoune, celle du Rhafas et celle de Taforalt. Les séquences archéostratigraphiques combinées couvrent une période de 100 000 ans, de la fin du Pléistocène moyen au début du Pléistocène récent. Cette étude propose un gradient chronologique et spatial de deux entités culturelles globalisantes : 1/ l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain est représentés dès le début SIM 6, voire du SIM 8 sur le littoral atlantique, et perdure jusqu’au SIM 5 dans l’espace occidental du nord de l’Afrique ; 2/ l’Atérien est représenté dès la fin du SIM 6 à l’ouest. Il remplace les complexes techniques de l’Early NAMSA au Maghreb au SIM 5. Par ailleurs, l’Atérien n’est plus une entité technique homogène. Les assemblages révèlent une multitude de solutions techniques qui mettent en évidence la présence d’entités plurielles. Ces résultats signent l’importance du choix méthodologique du détail des assemblages par les approches typo-technologiques. Ils montrent par ailleurs que cet espace est dynamique, connecté par des flux d’humains porteurs d’idées
Les assemblages lithiques du Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain : Productions, produits et évolution
No full textAt the end of the Middle Pleistocene, in North Africa, cultural complexes have co-existed. The identification and definition of these techno-complexes have been debated for more than a century. One of the important issues of Paleolithic research in North Africa is the understanding of the relationship between the North African Middle Stone Age and Aterian industries. For this reason, precise definitions of these complexes are essential.Typo-technological approaches to lithic equipment have allowed for the enrichment of the definition of the Aterian and North African Early Middle Stone Age complexes - notably by the detail of the attributes constituting their definitions (i.e. blades industries, miniaturization and micro-flakes industries, tooling, etc.).The corpus studied comes from the sequences of three sites: the Bizmoune Cave, Rhafas, and Taforalt. The combined archaeostratigraphic sequences cover a period of 100,000 years, from the end of the Middle Pleistocene to the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. This study proposes a chronological and spatial gradient of two globalizing cultural entities: 1/ the Early North African Middle Stone Age is represented from the beginning of MIS6, or even SIM8 on the Atlantic coast and will last until MIS5 in the occidental part of North Africa; 2/ the Aterian is represented from the end of MIS6 in the Atlantic westcoast of Morocco. Its representation is uniform in the Maghreb in MIS5 and replaces the Early NAMSA techno-complex.Moreover, the Aterian is not a homogeneous technical entity. The assemblages show a multitude of technical solutions highlighting the presence of plural entities. These results show the importance of the methodological choice of the typo-technological approaches. They show moreover that this space is dynamic, connected by flows of humans, carriers of ideas.À la fin du Pléistocène moyen, en Afrique du Nord, plusieurs complexes culturels co-existent. Leur détermination et leur définition font débat depuis plus d’un siècle. L’une des problématiques importantes des recherches paléolithiques en Afrique du Nord est la compréhension des liens qu’entretiennent les industries du Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain (NAMSA) avec celles de l’Atérien. Pour cette raison, la définition précise de ces complexes revêt une importance cruciale. Les approches typo-technologiques des équipements lithiques ont enrichi la définition des complexes atériens et de l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain en détaillant les attributs qui les constituent : production de supports lamino-lamellaires, processus de miniaturisation et production de microsupports, outillage, etc. Le corpus étudié provient des séquences de trois gisements : la Grotte de Bizmoune, celle du Rhafas et celle de Taforalt. Les séquences archéostratigraphiques combinées couvrent une période de 100 000 ans, de la fin du Pléistocène moyen au début du Pléistocène récent. Cette étude propose un gradient chronologique et spatial de deux entités culturelles globalisantes : 1/ l’Early Middle Stone Age Nord-Africain est représentés dès le début SIM 6, voire du SIM 8 sur le littoral atlantique, et perdure jusqu’au SIM 5 dans l’espace occidental du nord de l’Afrique ; 2/ l’Atérien est représenté dès la fin du SIM 6 à l’ouest. Il remplace les complexes techniques de l’Early NAMSA au Maghreb au SIM 5. Par ailleurs, l’Atérien n’est plus une entité technique homogène. Les assemblages révèlent une multitude de solutions techniques qui mettent en évidence la présence d’entités plurielles. Ces résultats signent l’importance du choix méthodologique du détail des assemblages par les approches typo-technologiques. Ils montrent par ailleurs que cet espace est dynamique, connecté par des flux d’humains porteurs d’idées
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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