1,720,997 research outputs found
Idiopathic Flatfoot in Children and Adolescents Treated with Arthroereisis—Muscle Recession May Not Be Necessary in Feet with Mild Gastrocnemius Shortening
No full textBackground: Arthroereisis is a well-accepted and relatively easy procedure to treat the flexible flatfeet in children and adolescents. A mild calf-muscle shortening is not seldom an accompanying feature. The need for a gastrocnemius recession in addition to arthroereisis is controversial. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the need for a gastrocnemius recession in mild cases of gastrocnemius shortening to improve ankle dorsiflexion in addition to arthroereisis. Methods: Twenty-seven patients (ages 9–15 years) who underwent arthroereisis for painful idiopathic flatfeet were included in this non-randomised retrospective study, approved by Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nürnberg (22-86-Br). The gait data of 18 typically developed children in same age group was used as reference. Based on the intraoperative Silfverskjöld test, two groups could be identified in the collective, one with shortened of gastrocnemius who underwent gastrocnemius recession (FFGR) and one without (FF). A control group included 18 feet of 18 typically developing children. Outcomes were evaluated by comparing pre- and postoperative clinical assessments including pain scores, gait analysis using a multi-segmental foot model, and radiological imaging. The mean follow-up was 22.1 months, and statistical analysis included a two-factor ANOVA. Results: No statistically significant differences in anthropometric, clinical, and gait parameters were observed between the groups preoperatively. Improvements in ankle dorsiflexion and pain were seen in both groups without statistical significance. There was no loss of calf-muscle strength or ankle power. Conclusions: Arthroereisis effectively corrects an idiopathic flexible flatfoot and reduces pain in children and adolescents. The gastrocnemius muscle stretches following arthroereisis and therefore, no lengthening is necessary when mildly shortened. The major limitations of this study are its retrospective nature, non-randomisation, and small size of the study collective
Psychological Factors as Risk Contributors for Poor Hip Function after Periacetabular Osteotomy
Full text linkPsychologic comorbidities have been identified as risk factors for poor outcomes in orthopedic procedures, but their influence on the outcome of hip-preserving periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) remains uncertain. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the impact of patients’ psychological health on the outcome of PAO in patients with hip dysplasia (HD) and acetabular retroversion (AR). The study included 110 patients undergoing PAO for HD or AR between 2019 and 2021. Standardized questionnaires were administered to assess psychological factors, postoperative hip function, and activity level (mean follow-up: 25 months). Linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations between psychological factors and postoperative hip function and activity level. Both HD and AR patients showed improved postoperative hip function and activity levels. Linear regression analyses revealed that depression significantly impaired postoperative outcomes in both groups, whereas somatization negatively influenced the outcome in AR patients. General health perceptions significantly contributed to an improved postoperative outcome. These findings highlight the importance of concomitantly addressing psychologically relevant factors in order to improve patient outcomes after PAO procedures. Future prospective studies should continue to investigate the impact of various psychological factors and explore possibilities of incorporating psychological support into routine postoperative care for these patient cohorts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Temporal variation in United States firearm injuries 1993-2008: results from a national data base
Full text linkBackground: There are few studies that address temporal variation in firearm associated injuries. It was the purpose of this study to analyze the temporal variation in the types and patterns of injuries associated with firearm use from a national data base.
Methods: The database used was the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research Firearm Injury Surveillance Study 1993-2008. Emergency department visits associated with firearm use were analyzed for month and day of the week for various demographic variables. Statistical analyses were performed using SUDAAN 10™ software to give national estimates. Temporal variation by month or day was assessed using histograms, circular distributions, and cosinor analyses. Variation by month and day combined were analyzed using three dimensional contours.
Results: There were an estimated 1,841,269 injuries. Circular analyses demonstrated a non-uniform distribution for all parameters for both month and day of injury (p less than 0.001). The overall peak was September 15 with several exceptions. Injuries from BB guns had a peak on May 22, a diagnosis of a foreign body on July 11, and patients aged 10 to 14 years on April 9.The peak day was always Saturday/Sunday when significant variation existed. There were many different patterns for month and day combined. Some were "a rapidly rising high mountain starting at sea level" (hunting), or others a "series of mountain ranges starting from a high plain or steppe" (hospital admissions).
Conclusions: This study provides altogether new information regarding temporal variation for injuries associated with firearms in the USA. These results can be used to assist medical resource allocation and prevention campaigns. Education campaigns can be emphasized before the peaks for which prevention is desired (eg. BB gun prevention campaigns should be concentrated in March, prior to the April/May peak)
Letter to the Editor: Equity360: Gender, Race, and Ethnicity: Sex and Fairness in Sports
No full textCORR Insights®: Iatrogenic Hip Instability Is a Devastating Complication After the Modified Dunn Procedure for Severe Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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